طراحی و ساخت ابزار سنجش "مخاطرات روانی و اجتماعی محیط کار"
الموضوعات : فصلنامه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
طاهره اسمعیلی بیدهندی
1
(گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد ساوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساوه، ایران.)
مجید برزگر
2
(گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران )
زهرا نقش
3
(گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: ارزیابی, ساخت, طراحی, مخاطرات روانی-اجتماعی, محیط کار.,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی ابزار سنجش "مخاطرات روانی و اجتماعی در محیط کار" در سال 1402 انجام شد. روش: این پژوهش با بررسی متون بالادستی و نیز با نظرخواهی از خبرگان (20 خبره) به صورت آمیخته اکتشافی از نوع توسعه ابزاری انجام شد. جهت جمع‌آوري داده‌ها در بخش کیفی علاوه بر بررسی متون، از مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختارمند نیز استفاده گردید و در بخش کمّی ابزار تدوین شده دستاورد بخش کیفی، به عنوان زیربنای پژوهش قرار گرفت و اینگونه آمیختگی بخش کیفی با کمّی صورت پذیرفت. در بخش کمی از بین افراد شاغل، 62 نفر (زن و مرد) به شیوه تصادفی انتخاب شده و نمونه را تشکیل دادند. روش تحلیل داده‌ها تحلیل مضمون، محاسبه شاخص روایی محتوا، نسبت روایی محتوا، نمره تاثیر، توان افتراقی و همسانی درونی، بود. یافته‌ها: یافته‌های حاصل از بخش کیفی با بررسی اسنادبالادستی تعداد 69 مولفه موثر در مخاطرات روانی-اجتماعی و اثرات آن بر ارزیابی محیط کار را نشان داد که براساس آن استخر اولیه با 83 گویه تهیه شد. پس از قرار دادن استخر اولیه گویه‌ها در اختیار خبرگان، یافته‌های حاصل از بررسی CVI و CVR نشان داد تعداد 31 گویه از دید خبرگان از کیفیت لازم برخوردار نبوده و حذف شدند. در خصوص IS، DP و IC نیز برای همه 52 گویه باقی‌مانده به ترتیب مقادیر بالاتر از 5/1، 1 و 7/0 حاصل شد. نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی می‌توان گفت فرم 52 گویه‌ای تهیه شده شرایط لازم جهت بررسی در سطح نمونه اصلی گروه هدف را دارد و می‌توان آن را در نمونه وسیعی از گروه هدف، جهت دستیابی به ساختار نهایی و نمرات هنجار به کار گرفت.
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