Arsenic and Lead Removal from Water by Nano-photocatalytic Systems (A Review)
الموضوعات :
Shaghayegh Sadr
1
(Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources & Environment, Science and Research University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran)
Amir Ershad Langroudi
2
(Department of Color, Resin and Surface Coatings, Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran)
Arezoo Nejaei
3
(Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
Ahmad Rabiee
4
(Department of Polymer Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran, Iran)
Nabiollah Mansouri
5
(Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Water, pollution, Adsorption, Photocatalytic, Heavy metals,
ملخص المقالة :
Water is an essential component in the world. The presence of heavy metals in water has dramatic effects on health and ecological process in the environment. Heavy metal pollution in water bodies is an existing and developing problem in the world. There are several methods for removing these pollutions in water. A photocatalytic degradation is a useful approach to removal a variety of heavy metals from contaminated water. In this study, we summarized different types of methods for the removal of heavy metals especially arsenic and lead from water. Studies include different nano-photocatalyst and methods such as the use of TiO2 substrates, TiO2 nanotubes, and nanocrystals, organic and inorganic nanoparticles based on silica, a variety of nanomaterial-based polymers, magnetic nanoparticles such as zero-valent iron and zinc oxide, or using two or more of these nanomaterials at the same time as an adsorbent or oxidizer of pollutants, all under visible or ultraviolet light. Each method has some limitations and advantages and based on different research that scientists presented, the efficiency of each technique is depended on some conditions such as pH, adsorption time, solvent type, and UV light, so we still can’t introduce the best method. Nowadays researchers are trying to find a method with high efficiency, low cost, least risk for the environment, and without secondary contamination. Hopefully, researchers find many promising methods that can be used with high efficiency in the future by continuing the research.
Alka. S., Shahir SH., Ibrahim N., Ndejiko M.J., Vo, D.V.V., Manan F.A. (2020) Arsenic removal technologies and future trends: A mini review, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 278, 123805.
Andjelkovic, I. Stankovic, D. Jovic, M. Markovic, M. Krstic, J. Manojlovic, D. and Roglic, G. (2015). Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 and zirconium doped TiO2 adsorbents for removal of As (III) and As(V). Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 19, 429–435.
Ayawannam, J. Teoh, W. Niratisairak, S and Sato, K. (2015). Gadolinia-modified ceria photocatalyst for removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 40, 136–139.
Bichet C, Scheifler R, Coeurdassier M, Julliard R, Sorci G, Loiseau C. (2013). Urbanization, trace metal pollution, and malaria prevalence in the House Sparrow. PLoS One, 8(1):e53866. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.005386 6.
Byrne, C. Subramanian, G and Pillai, S. (2017). Recent Advances in Photocatalysis for Environmental Applications. Environmental chemical engineering: 1-60.
Cumbal, L Sengupta, A.K. (2005). Arsenic removal using polymer-supported hydrated iron(III) oxide nanoparticles: role of donnan membrane Effect, Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 6508–6515.
Chowdhury, S. Mazumder, J. Al-Attas, O and Husain, T. (2016). Heavy metals in drinking water: Occurrences, implications, and future needs in developing countries. Science of the total environment, 569, 476-488.
Choi, W. Yeo, J. Ryu, J. Tachikawa, T. Majima, T. (2010). Photocatalytic oxidation mechanism of As(III) on TiO2: unique role of As(III) as a charge recombinant species, Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 9099–9104.
Chen, J.H. Wang, Y.J. Zhou, D.M. Cui, Y.X. Wang, S.Q. Chen,Y.C. (2010). Adsorption and desorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) on the soils amended with nanoscale hydroxyapatite, Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy 29, 233–241.
Cruz, G.J.F, Mondal D., Rimaycuna K., Gomez M.M., Solis J.L., Lang J. (2020) Agrowaste derived Biochars impregnated with ZnO for removal of arsenic and lead in water, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Vol 8, Issues 3, 103800.
Cui, H. Su, Y. Li, Q. Gao, S.H. Shang, J.K. (2013). Exceptional arsenic (III,V) removal performance of highly porous, nanostructured ZrO2 spheres for fixed bed reactors and the full-scale system modeling, water research, 47: 6258 -6268.
Deliyanni, E.A., Peleka, E.N., Lazaridis, N.K., (2007). Comparative study of phosphates removal from aqueous solutions by nanocrystalline akaganeite and hybrid surfactant-akaganeite. Separation and Purification Technology 52 (3), 478-486.
Esfandian N., Kahefi M., Mostafa M., Afsharnezhad S., Role of silica mid-layaer in thermal and chemical stability of hierarchical Fe304-SiO2- TiO2 nanoparticles for improving of lead adsorption: Kinetics, thermodynamic and deep XPS investigation, Materials Science and Engineering B, Vol B. 262, 114690.
Fataei E., Monavari SM., Hasani A/, Mirbagheri A., Karbasi A., (2011) Surface Water Quality Assessment Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques, Environmental sciences,8 (4), 137-146.
Ferguson, M.A. Hering, J.G. (2006). TiO2- photocatalyzed As(III) oxidation in a fixedbed, flow-through reactor, Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 4261–4267.
Fostier, A.N., Pereira, M.D.S.S., Rath, S. Guimaraes, J.R. (2008). Arsenic removal from water employing heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2 immobilized in PET bottles. Chemosphere 72, 319–324.
Ge, H., Juan D., (2020), Selective adsorption of Pb(II) and Hg(II) on melamine-grafted Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 5 (1), 2021: 72-80 79 chitosan, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Vol. 162. 1880-1887.
Guan, X. Du, J. Meng, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Hu, Q. (2012). Application of titanium dioxide in arsenic removal from water: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 215– 216: 1– 16.
Harraz, F.A. Abdel-Salam, O.E. Mostafa, A.A. Mohamed, R.M. and Hanafy, M. (2013). Rapid synthesis of titania–silica nanoparticles photocatalyst by a modified sol–gel method for cyanide degradation and heavy metals removal. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 551, 1–7.
He, Y., Wang Z., Wang H., Zeng G., Xu P., Huang D., Chen M., Song B., Qin H., Zhao Y., (2020) Metal-organic framework-derived nanomaterials in environment related field: Fundamental, properties and applications, Coordination Chemistry Rreviews, Vol 429, 213618.
Hua Jinming (2020) Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ZnO decorated zirconia as a potential adsorbent for enhanced arsenic removal from aqueous solution, Journal of Molecular Structure, Vol 1228, 129842.
Hussain, I. Li, M. Zhang, M. Huang, S.H. Hayat, W. Li, Y. Du, Y. and Liu, G. (2017). Efficient oxidation of arsenic in aqueous solution using zero valent iron activated persulfate process. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 5, 3983–3990.
Kapoor, Dh., Singh M.P. (2021) 10-Heavy metal contamination in water and its possible sources, Heavy Metals in the Environment, 179-189.
Kardam, A. Raj, K.R. Arora, J.K. Srivastava, S. (2012). Artificial neural network modeling for biosorption of Pb(II) ions on nanocellulose fibers, Bionanoscience 2: 153–160.
Kim, J. Moon, G.H. Kim, S. and Kim, J. (2015). Photocatalytic oxidation mechanism of arsenite on tungsten trioxide under visible light. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 311, 35–40.
Klemm, D. Kramer, F. Moritz, S. Lindstrom, T. Ankerfors, M. Gray, D. Dorris, A. (2011). Nanocelluloses: a new family of nature-based materials, Angew. Chem. Inter. Ed. 50 (24), 5438–5466.
Lee, H. Choi, W. (2002). Photocatalytic oxidation of arsenite in TiO2 suspension: kinetics and mechanisms, Environ. Sci. Technol. 36, 3872– 3878.
Li, Y. Liu, J.R. Jia, S.Y. Guo, J.W. Zhuo, J. Na, P. (2012). TiO2 pillared montmorillonite as a photoactive adsorbent of arsenic under UV irradiation. Chemical Engineering Journal 191, 66– 74.
Li, Y. Cai, X. Guo, J. Na, P. (2014). UV-induced photoactive adsorption mechanism of arsenite by anataseTiO2with high surface hydroxyl group density. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 462, 202–210.
Litter, M.I. (2017). Last advances on TiO2- photocatalytic removal of chromium, uranium and arsenic. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 6:150–158
Liu, P. Sehaqui, H. Tingaut, P. Wichser, A. Oksman, K. Mathew, A.P. (2014). Cellulose and chitin nanomaterials for capturing silver ions (Ag+) from water via surface adsorption, Cellulose 21, 449–461.
Lu, F. Astruc, D. (2018). Nanomaterials for removal of toxic elements from water. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 356: 147–164.
López-Mu˜noz , M.J. Arencibia, A. Segura, Y and Raez, J.M. (2016). Removal of As(III) from aqueous solutions through simultaneousphotocatalytic oxidation and adsorption by TiO2and zero-valent iron. Catalysis Today, 1-6.
Majidnia, Z. Fulazzaky, M.A. (2016). Photoreduction of pb (II) ions from aqueous solution by titania polyvinylalcohol–alginate beads. 10, 44: 1-9.
Majidnia Z , Idris A . (2015). Photocatalytic reduction of iodine in radioactive waste water using maghemite and titania nanoparticles in PVA-alginate beads. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015; 54:137–44.
Mirghani M, Al-Mubaiyedh, U.A. Nasser, M.S. and Shawabkeh, R. (2015). Experimental study and modeling of photocatalytic reduction of Pb2+ by WO3/TiO2 nanoparticles. Separation and Purification Technology 141, 285–293.
Mirzaei, M. Solgi, E. and Salmanmahiny, A. (2016). Evaluation of Surface Water Quality by NSFWQI Index and Pollution Risk Assessment, Using WRASTIC Index in (2015). Arch Hyg Sci, 5(4): 264-277.
Murruni, L. Conde, F. Leyva, G and L. M.I. (2008). Photocatalytic reduction of Pb(II) over TiO2: New insights on the effect of different electron donors. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 84, 563–569.
Nie, X.T. Teh, Y.L. (2010). Titanate nanotubes as superior adsorbents for removal of lead(II) ions from water. Materials Chemistry and Physics 123, 494–497.
Nouri Dodaran, P., Fataei, E., Khanizadeh, B., (2019) Study on Photocatalytic and Anthropogenic Pollution Journal, Vol 5 (1), 2021: 72-80 80 Sonocatalytic Activity of Bi2O3 Synthesized by Sol-gel Method in Removing Organic Compounds of Ardabil Textile Factory Effluents, Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian) 30 (4), 67-77.
Pandiyan, J., Mahboob Sh., Govindarajan M., AlGhanim, KH.A., Ahmed, Z., Mulh, N., Jagadheesan R., Krishnappa, K., (2020) An assessment of level of heavy metals pollution in the water, sediment and aquatic organis,s: A perspective of tackling environmental threats for food security, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 28, Issue 2, 1218-1225.
Prabhu, S. Viswanathan, T. Jothivenkatachalam, K. Jeganathan, K. (2014). Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of CeO2-ZnO-TiO2 Composites for the Degradation of Rhodamine B, Indian Journal of Materials Science: 1–10.
Si, S.H. Huang, K.L. Wang, X.G. Huang, M.Z. Chen, H.F. (2002). Photocatalytic TiO2 thin films by aerosol-deposition: From micron-sized particles to Nano-grained thin film at room temperature. Thin Solid Films, 422, 205.
Smail EA, Webb EA, Franks RP, Bruland KW, Sanudo-Wilhelmy SA. (2012). Status of metal contamination in surface waters of the coastal ocean off Los Angeles, California since the implementation of the Clean Water Act. Environ Sci Technol, 46:4304–11.
Sun, T. Zhao, Z.H. Liang, Z.H. Liu, J. Shi, W. and Cui, F. (2017). Efficient As(III) removal by magnetic CuO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles through photo-oxidation and adsorption under light irradiation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 17, 1-35.
Sun, T. Zhao, Z.H. Liang, Z.H. Liu, J. Shi, W. and Cui, F. (2018). Efficient degradation of parsanilic acid with arsenic adsorption by magnetic CuO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. Chemical Engineering Journal, 334: 1527-1536.
Torres, J. March, S. (1992). Kinetics of the photo assisted catalytic oxidation of Pb in TiO2 suspensions. Che,ical engineering science, 47 (15): 3857-3862.
Vicente, F. Santos, A. Romero, A. Rodriguez, S. (2011). Kinetic study of diuron oxidation and mineralization by persulphate: effects of temperature, oxidant concentration and iron dosage method, Chem. Eng. J. 170 (1), 127– 135.
Wang, X. Guo, Y. Yang, L. Meihua, H. Zhao, J. and Cheng, X. (2012). Nanomaterials as Sorbents to Remove Heavy Metal Ions in Wastewater Treatment. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 2:154.
Wang, Y.J. Chen, J.H. Cui, Y.X. Wang, S.Q. Zhou, D.M. (2009). Effects of low molecularweight organic acids on Cu(II) adsorption onto hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, J. Hazard. Mater. 162, 1135–1140.
Wang, Y. Xing, Z. Li, Z. Wu, X. Wang, G. and Zhou, W. (2017). Facile synthesis of high thermostably ordered mesoporous TiO2/SiO2 nanocomposites: An effective bifunctional candidate for removing arsenic contaminations. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 485, 32–38.
Xu, T. Cai, Y. O’Shea, K.E. (2007). Adsorption and photo catalyzed oxidation of methylated arsenic species in TiO2 suspensions, Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 5471–5477.
Yang, Z.P. Zhang, C.J. (2010). Kinetics of photocatalytic reduction of Pb(II) on nanocrystalline TiO2 coatings: A quartz crystal microbalance study. Thin Solid Films, 518, 6006–6009.
Yantasee, W. Rutledge, R.D. Chouyyok, W. Sukwarotwat, V. Orr, G. Warner, C.L. Warner, M.G. Fryxell, G.E. Wiacek, R.J. Timchalk, C. Addleman, R.S. (2010). Functionalized nanoporous silica for the removal of heavy metals from biological systems: adsorption and application, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2, 2749–2758.
Yazdani, M. Bhatnagar, A. and Vahala, R. (2017). Synthesis, characterization and exploitation of nano-TiO2/feldsparembedded chitosan beads towards UV-assisted adsorptive abatement of aqueous arsenic (As). Chemical Engineering Journal 316, 370–382.
Yoon, S.H. Lee, S. Kim, T.H. Lee, M and Yu, S. (2011). Oxidation of methylated arsenic species by UV/S2O82−. Chemical Engineering Journal 173, 290– 295.
Zhou, D.M. Wang, Y.J. Wang, H.W. Wang, S.Q. Cheng, J.M. (2010). Surface-modified nanoscale carbon black used as sorbents for Cu(II) and Cd(II), J. Hazard. Mater. 174, 34– 39.
Zhou, Q., Yang, N., Li Y., Ren B., Ding, X., Bian, H., Yao, X. (2020) Total concentration and sources of heavy metals pollution in global rver and lake water bodies from 1972 to 2017, Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol. 22, e00925.
