Biomass and carbon sequestration of native forests in the northwest of Iran
الموضوعات :
Ebrahim Fataei
1
(
Department of environmental Sciences, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Oak, Beech, maple, above and belowground carbon, total nitrogen,
ملخص المقالة :
The estimation of carbon storage and accumulation in forest ecosystems is essential to assess the role of these ecosystems in the global carbon budget. Therefore, we considered the potential and distribution of organic carbon in the natural pure and mixed beech, oak and maple forests of Fandogloo region of Ardabil province in Iran. In each stand, 6-nested plots were used in the square shape. Four profiles were dug in each plot and the soil samples were extracted from the three deep levels. The highest amount of soil organic carbon sequestration was found in the mixed stand of oak-maple (26.35 Mg/ha). The same trend was seen in the amount of total nitrogen (TN) in the soil. The highest amount of carbon sequestration was observed in the forest floor litter in the mixed stand of maple - beech (4.11 Mg/ha). The high amount of carbon sequestration in the mixed stand of oak - maple may be due to the lower amount of clay in the soil of this stand. It is likely that the soil fertility is low in the maple–beech stand so that the activities of microorganisms are less than other stands so that due to no degradation, the accumulation of litter has occurred. Totally, the pure beech stand showed the highest amount of total carbon sequestration in the entire pure stand (61.93 Mg / ha). The high above- and belowground biomass in the beech stand was the effective factor to increase the total carbon sequestration than other stands.
Bauer, A., Cole, C.V., Black, A.L., 1987: Soil property comparisons in virgin grasslands between grazed and nongrazed management systems. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 51: 176–182.
Birdsey R., Heath I., Williams D., 2000: Estimation of Carbon Budget Model of the United State Forest Sector Advances in Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Inventory, Measurements and Monitoring Conference in Raleigh, North Carolina, October 3-5, 51-59.
De Vries, W., Reinds, G.J., Gundersen, P., Sterba, H., 2006. The impact of nitrogen deposition on carbon sequestration in European forests and forest soils. Global Change Biol. 12, 1151–1173.
De Wit, H.A., Palosuo, T., Hylen, G., Liski, J., 2006. A carbon budget of forest biomass and soils in southeast Norway calculated using a widely applicable method. Forest Ecology and Management 225, 15–26.
Dixon, R.K., Wisniewski, J., 1995: Global forest systems: an uncertain response to atmospheric pollutants and global climate change. Water Air Soil Pollute. 85: 101-110.
EC/UN-ECE, de Vries, W., Reinds, G.J., Posch, M., Sanz, M.J., Krause, G.H.M., Calatayud, V., Renaud, J.P., Dupouey, J.L., Sterba, H., Vel, H.M., Dobbertin, M., Gundersen, P., Voogd, J.C.H., 2003. Intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Europe, 2003 Technical report. EC/UN-ECE 2003, Brussels, Geneva (p. 163).
Fataei E, Varamesh S, Seiied Safavian ST, 2018, Effects of afforestation on carbon stocks in Fandoghloo forest area, Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(3): 555-562
Finzi, A.C; Canham, C.D; Van Breemen, N. 1998. Canopy tree soil interactions within temperature forests: species effects on pH and cations. Ecological Applied, 8: 447-454.
Garten, Jr., Charles T., 2002: Soil carbon storage beneath recently established tree plantations in Tennessee and South Carolina, USA. Biomass and Bioenergy.Volume 23, Issue 2, August 2002, Pages 93-102. 109, 165–190.
Haster R.E; Harrison R.M. 2010. Carbons capture sequestration and storage. The royal society of chemistry. 325 pp.
Hernandez. R., koohafkan. P., Antoine .J. 2004. Assessing Carbon Stocks and modeling win-win. Scenarios of carbon sequestration through land-use change. 166 pp.
Houghton, R.A., 2005. Aboveground forest biomass and the global carbon balance. Global Change Biol. 11, 945–958.
Kothandaraman S, Ahmad Dar J, Sundarapandian S, Dayanandan S,Latif Khan M, 2020, Ecosystem-level carbon storage and its links to diversity, structural and environmental drivers in tropical forests of Western Ghats, India, Sci Rep. 2020; 10: 13444.
Lal R., 2005: Forest soils and carbon sequestration. Forest Ecology and Management 220 242–258.
Lemenih, M., Olsson, M., Karltun, E., 2004. Comparison of soil attributes under Cupressus lusitanica and Eucalyptus saligna established on abandoned farmlands with continuously cropped farmlands and natural forest in Ethiopia. For. Ecol. Manag., 195(s 1–2): 57–67.
Lemma, B., Berggren, D., Nilssonc, I., Olsson, M., 2006. Soil carbon sequestration under different exotic tree species in the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia., Geoderma 136(3):886-898.
Lemma, B., Olsson, M., 2006. Soil δ15 N and nutrients under exotic tree plantations in the southwestern Ethiopian highlands. Forest Ecology and Management 237 : 127–134.
Long, J.N., Turner, J., 1975. Aboveground biomass of understorey and overstorey in an age sequence of four Douglas-fir stands. J. Appl. Ecol. 12, 179–188.
Losi, C J. Siccama, T G, Juan R C, Morales, E., 2003: Analysis of alternative Methods for estimating carbon stock in young tropical plantations .Forest Ecology and Management. 184: 355–368.
McDicken K. G., 1997: A Guide to Monitoring Carbon Storage in Forestry and Agro forestry Projects. Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development, Forest Carbon Monitoring Program. pp: 91.
Nadelhoffer, K.J., Fry, B., 1988. Controls on natural nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 abundances in forest soil organic matter. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52, 1633–1640.
Oliver, G.R., Pearce, S.H., Kimberly, M.O., Ford-Robertson, J.B., Robertson, K.A., Beets, P.N., Garrett, L.G., 2004. Variation in soil carbon in pine plantations and implications for monitoring soil carbon stocks in relation to land-use change and forest site management in New Zealand. Forest Ecol. Manage. 203, 283–295.
Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., Dean, L.A., 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate.USDACircularNo.939.
Peichl, M., Arain, M. A., 2006.Above- and belowground ecosystem biomass and carbon pools in an age-sequence of temperate pine plantation forests. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology: 140 51–63.
Peltoniemi, M., Ma ¨kipa ¨a ¨, R., Liski, J., Tamminen, P., 2004. Changes in soil carbon with stand age—an evaluation of a modelling method with empirical data. Global Change Biol. 10, 2078–2091.
Powers, J.S., Schlesinger, W.H., 2002: Relationships among soil carbon distributions and biophysical factors at nested spatial scales in rainforests of northeastern Costa Rica. Geoderma.
Pragasan, L.A; Parthasarathy, N. 2005. Litter production in tropical dry evergreen forests of south India in relation to season, plant life forms and physiognomic group’s currant science, 88: 1255-1263
Sahrawat, K.L., 1982. Simple modification of the Walkley–Black method for simultaneous determination of organic carbon and potentially mineralizable nitrogen in tropical rice soil. Plant and Soil 69, 73–77.
Raha D, Ahmad Dar J, Kumar Pandey P, Ahmad Lone P, Verma S, Kumar Khare P, Khan ML, 2020, Variation in tree biomass and carbon stocks in three tropical dry deciduous forest types of Madhya Pradesh, India. Carbon Manage.11(2):109–120.
Siddique, I; Engel, V.E; Parrotta, J.A; Lamb, D; Nardoto, G.B; Ometto, G.P; Martinelli, L.A; Schmidt, S. 2008. Dominance of legume trees alters nutrient relation in mixed species forest restoration planting within seven years. Biogeochemistry, 88:89-101.
Singh A.N; Raghubanshi A.S; Singh J.S. 2004. Comparative performance and restoration potential of two Albizia species planted on mine spoil in a dry tropical region, India. Ecological Engineering, 22: 123- 140.
Singh, G., Singh, N.T., 1993. Mesquite for revegetation of salt lands. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute. Bulletin. 18: 20-26.
Uri, V., Varik, M., Aosaar, J., Kanal, A., Kukumägi, M., Lõhmus, K., 2012.Biomass production and carbon sequestration in a fertile silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) forest chronosequence. Forest Ecology and Management.267, 117–126.
Wang, F; Li, Z; Xia, H; Zou, B; Li, N; Liu, J; Zhu, W. 2010. Effect of nitrogen foxing and non nitrogen fixing tree speciec on soil properties and nitrogen transformation during forest restoration in southern China.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 56: 297- 306.
Xiao-Wen, D., Shi-Jie, H., Yang-Ling, H., Yu-Mei, Z., 2009: Carbon and nitrogen transformations in surface soils under Ermans Birch and Dark coniferous forests. Pedosphere. 19(2): 230-237.
Yue J, Guan J,Deng L, Zhang J, Li G, Du Sh, 2018, Allocation pattern and accumulation potential of carbon stock in natural spruce forests in northwest China, Peer Journal, 6:48-59.
