The Interactive effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training and the intake of multivitamin minerals supplementation on indicators of male pulmonary function in the expose of urban polluted air
الموضوعات : Exercise Physiology and PerformanceSaber Rezanejad 1 , Mehdi Kargarfard 2 , Akram Khani Rozveh 3
1 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Aerobic exercise activity, multivitamin-mineral supplementation, indicators of male pulmonary function, urban polluted air,
ملخص المقالة :
Background: This study studied the interactive effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training and the intake of multivitamin-mineral supplementation on the indicators of male pulmonary function in the exposure of urban polluted air.Method: 46 subjects, with an average age of 25 ± 1.2, took part voluntarily and were completely satisfied in this quasi-experimental study. They were randomly assigned to 4 groups: supplement and exercise (11 subjects), exercise (N = 11), supplement (N = 12), and control (N = 12). This Aerobic exercise was carried out with the same and increasing practice protocol for the first and second groups (including the first week of 12 minutes running with 60% heart rate up to the 12th week, progressively 30 minutes running with 85% heart rate reserve) and with supplementation of multivitamin - minerals which were taken as one capsule each day for the first and third groups of the research. In addition, the variables, including FEV1, FVC, FVC/FEV1, PEF, and FEF50 were measured once before and after 12 weeks using a spirometry device connected to the computer, and Respiratory symptoms were measured by the Respiratory Standard Questionnaire.Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, there was a significant increase in the level of functional parameters of the lung in the combined and supplementary groups and a significant decrease in the exercise group compared with the before the time of the study (p<0.05). The results showed a significant difference between the groups in the measured variables, which was insignificant between the combined group and the exercise.Conclusion: The study results showed that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and consumption of multivitamin-mineral supplementation leads to a significant increase in the levels of male pulmonary function in urban polluted air. Therefore, using the same amount of vitamins and necessary minerals is recommended to improve pulmonary function, and in case of shortage, use antioxidant supplements, such as the multivitamin-mineral supplement.
1-Ahangari G and et al. Air pollution and health. First Edition. City Publishing. 2015; 11-15. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(16)30023-8
2-Sharifan S, Vakili J, Sari-Sarraf V, Rasoulpour J, Gharani H. The Effect of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise and Consumption of Omega-3 Supplement on Pulmonary Function in Obese Men. RJMS 2018, 25(7): 27-37.
3-Aghilinejad M, Mohammadi S. Work-related respiratory diseases.1thed. Naslefarad. 2009; 114- 123.
4-Kargarfard M. rouzbahani R. Rezanejad S. Poursafa p. The effect of air pollution on cardiorespiratory performance of active individuals, arya atherosclerosis journal 2009; 5(2): 1-5.
5-Irrandoust Kh. The effects of selected aerrobic exercises on pulmonnary functionns of high scchool obese ggirls. IJSH; 2015. 2(4): 29288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17795/intjsh29288
6-Bala S, Tubaku A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in iron-steel and ferrochrome industry workers. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2010; 18(2):93-98. DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a3548
7-Krutmann J, Liu W, Li L, Pan X, Crawford M, Sore G, et al. Pollution and skin: from epidemiological and mechanistic studies to clinical implications. J Dermatol Sci. 2014;76:163–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.08.008
8-Black PN, Scragg R. Relationship between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Pulmonary Function in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Chest 2005; 128(6); 3792-3798. DOI: 10.1378/chest.128.6.3792
9-Devries R, Kriebel D, Sama S. Low level air pollution and exacerbation of existing copd: a case crossover analysis. Environ Health. 2016;15:98. DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0179-z
10-Kargafard, M. Poursafa, P. Rezanejad, S. Mousavinasab, F. Effects of exercise in polluted air on the aerobic power, serum lactate level and cell blood count of active Individuals, Int J Prev Med 2011; 2(3): 145-150.
11-Anderson SD, Kippelen P. Airway injury as a mechanism for Exercise - Induced Bronchoconstriction in elite athletes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 122(2): 225-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.05.001
12-Carlisle A and Sharp N. Exercise and outdoor ambient air pollution. Br J Sports Med. 2001; 35, 214–222. DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.35.4.214
13-Romieu I and et al. Air pollution, oxidative stress and dietary supplementation: a review. Eur Respir J 2008; 31: 179–196. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00128106
14-Annelie F B. Airway Antioxidant Responses to Oxidative Air Pollution and Vitamin Supplementation. From the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Umea University, Sweden 2006; 13: 56–64.
15-Gholamie A, Saberi H R, Ghahri A, Eskandari D. Investigation of respiratory symptoms and Spiro metric parameters in fire brick workers. Journal of Health 2011; 3:67-73.
16-Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Ortega R M, González L G, Peñas R C, Rodriguez R P. Dietary total antioxidant capacity and current asthma in Spanish schoolchildren: a case control-control study. Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173:517-23. DOI: 10.1007/s00431-013-2197-y
17-Comhair S A, Erzurum S C. Redox control of asthma: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:93-124. DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2425
18-Comhair S A, Xu W, Ghosh S, Thunnissen F B, Almasan A, Calhoun W J, et al. Superoxide dismutase inactivation in pathophysiology of asthmatic airway remodeling and reactivity. Am J Pathol 2005; 166:663-74. DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62288-2
19-Amir YT, Katherine Ch and Chris C. Modification by antioxidant supplementation of changes in human lung function associated with air pollutant exposure: A systematic review. BMC Public Health 2011; 11:532. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-532
20-Dominici F, Peng F D, Zeger S L, White R H, and Samet J M. Particulate air pollution and mortality in the United States: did the risks change from 1987 to 2000? American Journal of Epidemiology 2007; 166: 880-888. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm222
21-Gurer H, Ercal N. Can antioxidants be beneficial in the treatment of lead poisoning?
Free Radic Biol Med. 2000; 29(10): 927-45. DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00413-5
22-Jamieson J, Taylor C, Weiler H. Marginal zinc deficiency exacerbates bone lead accumulation and high dietary zinc attenuates lead accumulation at the expense of bone density in growing rats. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul; 92(1): 286-94. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj201
23-Shahrabi F J and et al. The effect of two weeks of ascorbic acid supplementation on blood lead levels in workers exposed to lead. Journal of Rafsenjan University of Medical Sciences 2006; Volume 5 (2): 75-84.
24-Tartibian B and et al. The Effect of 9-Week Aerobic Exercise Program and Multivitamin Supplementation on Cardiovascular Inflammatory Indicators. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences; 2011; 8-15.
25-Shavandi N and et al. Comparison of Response of Pulmonary Function Indicators to Aerobic and Anaerobic Activity in Polluted Air. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences; 2010; 13 (2): 91-99.
26-Fesharaki M; Paknejad S M J; Kordi R. The effect of aerobic and aerobic exercises on pulmonary volume and quality of life in asthmatic patients, Journal of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 2010; Volume 6, 354-348.
27-Yekkefallah L. Effect of physical exercise on pulmonary function test and clinical manifestation by asthmatic patients. Zahedan J Res Med Sci 2006; 8:65-73.
28-Yoon S Y, Kim T B, Baek S, Kim S, Kwon H S, Lee Y S ,et al. The impact of total antioxidant capacity on pulmonary function in asthma patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:1544-50. DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0842
29-Vilianska O M, Rodionova V V. Characteristics of bronchi-pulmonary diseases in workers employed in unsafe working environment. Lik Sprava 2006; (1-2):34-8.
30-Ram F, Robinson S, Black P. Review: physical training increases cardiopulmonary fitness in asthma and does not decrease lung function. Evidence Based Nursing. 2006; 9(2): 44.
31-Perdersen L, Elers J, Backer V. Asthma in elite athletes: Pathogenesis, differential diagnoses, and treatment. Phys Sports Med 2011; 39(3): 163-71. DOI: 10.3810/psm.2011.09.1932
32-Onur E, Kabaroğlu C, Günay O, Var A, Yilmaz O, Dündar P, et al. The beneficial effects of physical exercise on antioxidant status in asthmatic children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2011; 39:90-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2010.04.006
33-Hulke M, Phatak S. Effect of endurance training on lung function a longitudinal study. Int J Bio Med Res 2011; 2:443-6.
34-Lillien bL, Zock JP, Plana e. A population-based study on welding exposures at work and respiratory symptoms. Ann Occup Hyg. 2008; 52(2): 107- 115. DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mem063
35-Francine LT, Joel S, Frank ES, Douglas WD. Reduction in fine particulate air pollution and mortality. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2006; 173:667-672. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200503-443OC
36-Geraint FJ, Ken D, Vicki Stone. The pollution climate and athletic performance. Pub Med 2004; 22, 967– 980. DOI: 10.1080/02640410400000272
37-Tarlo SM, Urch RB and Silverman, F. Air pollution and exercise. Current Therapy in Sports Medicine, 2003; 20-35.
38-William CA. Human Pulmonary Responses with 30 ـMinute Time Intervals of Exercise and Rest When Exposed for 8 Hours to 0.12 PPM Ozone Via Square ـWave and Acute Triangular Profiles. Inhalation Toxicology, 2006; 18, 413-422. DOI: 10.1080/08958370600563599
39-Lippi G, Guidi GC. Maffulli N. The Air pollution and sports performance in Beijing. Pub Med 2008; 29, 696-708. DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038684
40-Das A, Krishnamurthy A, Ramshankar V, Sagar TG, Swaminathan R. The increasing challenge of never smokers with adenocarcinoma lung: Need to look beyond tobacco exposure. Indian J Cancer. 2017;54(1):172–177. DOI: 10.4103/ijc.IJC_33_17
42-Delamater PL, Finley AO, Banerjee S. An analysis of asthma hospitalizations, air pollution, and weather conditions in Los Angeles County, California. Sci Total Environ. 2012 May 15; 425:110-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.015
44-Namdeo A, Tiwary A, Farrow E. Estimation of age-related vulnerability to air pollution: assessment of respiratory health at local scale. Environ Int 2011; 37(5):829-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.02.002
45-Sanhueza PA, Reed GD, Davis WT, Miller TL. An environmental decision - making tool for evaluating ground - level ozone - related health effects.J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2003;53(12):1448 – 59. DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2003.10466324
47-Cakmak S, Dales RE, Coates F. Does air pollution increase the effect of aeroallergens on hospitalization for asthma? Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2012; 129(1):228-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.09.025
48-Thompson D, Baily M, Hill J, et al. prolonged vitamin C supplementation and recovery from eccentric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 92(1-2): 133-138DOI: 10.1007/s00421-004-1064-y
49-Urso M L, Clarkson P M. Oxidative stress, exercise and antioxidant supplementation. Toxinology 2003; 189:41-54. DOI: 10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00151-3
50-Cakmak S, Hebbern C, Pinault L, Lavigne E, Vanos J, Crouse DL, et al. Associations between long-term PM2.5 and ozone exposure and mortality in the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CANCHEC), by spatial synoptic classification zone. Environ Int. 2018; 111:200–211. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.030
51-Samet JM, Hatch GE, Horstman D, Steck S, Arab L, Bromberg PA et al. Effect of antioxidant supplementation on ozon induced lung injury in human subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:819- 25. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.5.2008003
52-Kolarzyk E, Pietrzycka A, Kaczyńska RA, Skop LA. Diet with high antioxidant capacity as important factor in primary and secondary prevention of asthma. Przegl Lek 2015; 72:743-6. PMID: 27024952.
53-Ginde AA, Mansbach JM, Camargo CAJ. Vitamin D Respiratory Infection and Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2009; 9(1):81-87. DOI: 10.1007/s11882-009-0012-7
54-Jedrychowski WA, Perera FP, Maugeri U, Majewska R, Mroz E, Flak E, et al. Long term effects of prenatal and postnatal airborne PAH exposures on ventilatory lung function of non-asthmatic preadolescent children. Prospective birth cohort study in Krakow. Sci. Total Environ. 2015; 502:502–509. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.051
55-Fabian E, Poloskey P, Kosa L, Elmadfa I, Rethy L A. Activities of antioxidant enzymes in relation to oxidative and nitrosative challenges in childhood asthma. J Asthma 2011; 48:351-7. DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2011.560319
56-Fatani S H. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in acute and chronic bronchial asthma. J Asthma 2014; 51:578-84. 16. DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2014.892965
57-Fujisawa T. Role of oxygen radicals on bronchial asthma. Cur Drug Targets Inflam Allergy 2005; 4:505-9:1607-13. DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526304
58-Watson TA, Macdonald LK, Garg ML. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in athletes undertaking regular exercise training. J Sport Nutr Exrc Metab 2005; 15(2): 131-40. DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.15.2.131
59-Kim YH, Warren SH, Krantz QT, King C, Jaskot R, Preston WT, et al. Mutagenicity and Lung Toxicity of Smoldering vs. Flaming Emissions from Various Biomass Fuels: Implications for Health Effects from Wildland Fires. Environ Health Perspect. 2018; 126(1):017011DOI: 10.1289/EHP2200
60-Ahmad A, Shameem M, Husain Q. Relation of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance with disease progression in patients with asthma. Ann Thorac Med 2012; 7:226-32. DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.102182
61-An C, Wang Y, Lin M, Wang Z, He L, Li Z, et al. Long-term high air pollution exposure induced metabolic adaptations in traffic policemen. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018; 58:156–162. DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.01.002
62-Ku T, Ji X, Zhang Y, Li G, Sang N, et al. Abnormal energy metabolism and tau phosphorylation in the brains of middle-aged mice in response to atmospheric PM2.5 exposure. J Environ Sci (China). 2017 62:145-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.037
