Estimation and mapping of the global component of solar radiation and wind power density over Chad
الموضوعات : فصلنامه شبیه سازی و تحلیل تکنولوژی های نوین در مهندسی مکانیک
Marcel Hamda Soulouknga
1
,
Iman Pishkar
2
,
Dieudonné Kaoga Kidmo
3
,
Mehdi Jahangiri
4
1 - Higher Normal School of Technical Education of Sarh, University of Sarh, Chad
2 - Department of Mechanical engineering, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran
3 - National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
4 - Energy Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Angstrom-Prescott method, Allen method, Sabbagh method, Saharan zone, Sahelian zone,
ملخص المقالة :
Despite its very good potential of Chad in the field of wind and solar energy, very few studies have been conducted in the field of evaluation and estimation of these energies. Therefore, in order to develop the exploitation of these resources, for the first time, finding suitable places for the construction of wind and solar power plants has been done to help the decision-makers in the field of energy in Chad. The purpose of this work is to establish a solar map and the wind map of Chad using the geographic information system(GIS). ArcMap software was used to draw GIS maps, and determining the amount of radiation and wind speed in the neighboring points of the investigated stations was done using the Inverse Distance Weighted(IDW) method. Weibull distribution function was used to estimate wind power density and three analytical methods were used to estimate solar radiation. By comparing the different values of solar radiation, the lowest value was in N'Djamena (5.74kWh/m2/day) and the highest in Abeche (6.35kWh/m2/day). It turns out that the windiest site is Faya-Largeau located in the Saharan area with a value of 28.61W/m2. However, in the Sahelian zone, the wind density of Bokoro is the lowest at 3.16W/m2. Based on the results, the resource maps showing the wind power densities and solar irradiation over the entire regions of Chad were developed. Thus, the exploitation of solar energy seems favorable to meet the deficit in energy needs, and the use of technology namely wind turbines is desirable.
[1] Jahangiri M, Nematollahi O, Heidari Sooreshjani E, Heidari Sooreshjani A. Investigating the current state of solar energy use in countries with strong radiation potential in ASIA using GIS software, a review. Journal of Solar Energy Research. 2020; 5(3): 477-97.
https://doi.org/10.22059/jser.2020.305637.1163
[2] Mostafaeipour A, Hosseini Dehshiri SJ, Hosseini Dehshiri SS, Jahangiri M, Techato K. A thorough analysis of potential geothermal project locations in Afghanistan. Sustainability. 2020; 12(20): 8397. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208397
[3] Zhang X, Dong X, Liu F, Lv T, Wu Z, Ranagalage M. Spatiotemporal dynamics of ecological security in a typical conservation region of southern China based on catastrophe theory and GIS. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2023; 195(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10669-6
[4] Dehkordi MH, Isfahani AH, Rasti E, Nosouhi R, Akbari M, Jahangiri M. Energy-Economic-Environmental assessment of solar-wind-biomass systems for finding the best areas in Iran: A case study using GIS maps. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2022; 53: 102652.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102652
[5] Ramachandra TV. Solar energy potential assessment using GIS. Energy Educ Technol 2007; 18(2): 101–14. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/T-V-Ramachandra/publication/256454051
[6] Voivontas D, Tsiligiridis G, Assimacopoulus D. Solar potential for water heating explored by GIS. Sol Energy 1998; 62: 419–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-092X(98)00027-9
[7] Gadsden S, Rylatt M, Lomas K. Putting solar energy on the urban map: a new GIS-based approach for dwellings. Sol Energy 2003; 74: 397–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-092X(03)00190-7
[8] Johnson G., Armanino D. GIS Tools for Community Development Applications. American Solar Energy Society (ASES) Solar Power 2004 Conference, San Francisco, CA; 2004. https://www.marincounty.org/~/media/files/departments/cd/planning/sustainability/solar/solarpotentialmap_ases.pdf
[9] Simao A, Densham PJ, Haklay MM. Web-based GIS for collaborative planning and public participation: an application to the strategic planning of wind farm sites. J Environ.Manag 2009; 90: 2027–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.08.032
[10] Voivontas D, Assimacopoulos D, Mourelatos A, Corominas J. Evaluation of renewable energy potential using a GIS decision support system. Renew Energy 1998; 12: 333–44.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-1481(98)00006-8
[11] Yosoon Choi, Jangwon Suh, and Sung-Min Kim, GIS-Based Solar Radiation Mapping, Site Evaluation, and Potential Assessment: A Review, Appl. Sci. 2019; 9: 1960.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091960
[12] Abdulaziz Alhammad, Qian (Chayn) Sun and Yaguang Tao, Optimal Solar Plant Site Identification Using GIS and Remote Sensing: Framework and Case Study, Energies 2022; 15: 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010312
[13] Nower M, Embaby M, Elashaal A, El-serafy S, Mapping Solar Pond by GIS and Analytic Hierarchy Process, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2020; 9(4): 1-6. https://www.ijeat.org/wp-content/uploads/papers/v9i4/D6757049420.pdf
[14] Uranchimeg Munkhbat and Yosoon Choi, GIS-Based Site Suitability Analysis for Solar Power Systems in Mongolia, Appl. Sci. 2021; 11: 3748. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11093748
[15] Sun L, Jiang Y, Guo Q, Ji L, Xie Y, Qiao Q, Huang G, Xiao K. A GIS-based multi-criteria decision making method for the potential assessment and suitable sites selection of PV and CSP plants. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2021; 168: 105306.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105306
[16] Aydin NY, Kentel E, Duzgun HS. GIS-based site selection methodology for hybrid renewable energy systems: a case study from western Turkey. Energy Convers Manag 2013; 70: 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.02.004
[17] Zhang k, Nieto A, Kleit AN. The real option value of mining operations using mean-reverting commodity prices. Miner Econ 2015;28(1):11–22.
[18] Jahangiri M, Ghaderi R, Haghani A, Nematollahi O. Finding the best locations for establishment of solar-wind power stations in Middle-East using GIS: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016; 66: 38-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.069
[19] Jahangiri M, Nematollahi O, Haghani A, Raiesi HA, Alidadi Shamsabadi A. An optimization of energy cost of clean hybrid solar-wind power plants in Iran. International Journal of Green Energy. 2019; 16(15): 1422-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2019.1671415
[20] Jahangiri M, Rezaei M, Mostafaeipour A, Goojani AR, Saghaei H, Dehshiri SJ, Dehshiri SS. Prioritization of solar electricity and hydrogen co-production stations considering PV losses and different types of solar trackers: A TOPSIS approach. Renewable Energy. 2022; 186: 889-903.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.01.045
[21] Kalbasi R, Jahangiri M, Tahmasebi A. Comprehensive investigation of solar-based hydrogen and electricity production in Iran. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2021; 2021: 6627491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6627491
[22] Jahangiri M, Haghani A, Heidarian S, Mostafaeipour A, Raiesi HA, Alidadi Shamsabadi A. Sensitivity analysis of using solar cells in regional electricity power supply of off-grid power systems in Iran. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. 2020; 18(6): 1849-66. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-10-2019-0268
[23] Khorasanizadeh H., Mohammadi K. Introducing the best model for predicting the monthly mean global solar radiation over six major cities of Iran. Energy 2013; 51:257- 266.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.11.007
[24] Cooper P. The absorption of radiation in solar stills. Sol Energy 1969; 12(3): 333-46
https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(69)90047-4
[25] Angstrom A. Solar and terrestrial radiation. Report to the international commission for solar research on actinometric investigations of solar and atmospheric radiation. Q J R Meteorol Soc 1924: 50, 121–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49705021008
[26] Musa B., Zangina U. et Aminu M. Estimation of Global Solar Radiation In Maiduguri, Nigeria Using Angstrom Model, ARPN, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2012; 7: 12.
https://scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid=2145706
[27] Soulouknga HM,Coulibaly O,Doka Y S,Kofane TC. Evaluation of global solar radiation from meteorological data in the Sahelian zone of Chad. Renewables: wind, water, and solar 2017; 4: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40807-017-0041-0
[28] Allen RG. Evaluation of procedures for estimating mean monthly solar radiation from air Temperature 1995. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF2016062112
[29] Katiyar A.K., Pandey C.K. A review of solar radiation models-part1, Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Renewable Energy 2013, 2013: 168048. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/168048
[30] Augustine C. et Nnabuchi M.N. Analysis of some meteorological data for some selected Cities in the Eastern and Southern zone of Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2010; 4(2): 092-099. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajest/article/view/56328
[31] Allen RGA. Self-calibrating method for estimating solar radiation from air temperature. Journal of. Hydrologic Engineering 1997; 2: 56-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(1997)2:2(56)
[32] Lunde P.J. Solar thermal engineering: space heating and hot water systems, Wiley, New York, NY, USA, 1979. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980nyjw.book.....L/abstract
[33] Despotovic M, Nedic V, Despotovic D, Cvetanovic S. Review and statistical analysis of different global solar radiation sunshine models. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015; 52: 1869–1880.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.08.035
[34] Ganjei N, Zishan F, Alayi R, Samadi H, Jahangiri M, Kumar R, Mohammadian A. Designing and sensitivity analysis of an off-grid hybrid wind-solar power plant with diesel generator and battery backup for the rural area in Iran. Journal of Engineering. 2022; 2022: 4966761. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4966761
[35] Abdali T, Pahlavan S, Jahangiri M, Alidadi Shamsabadi A, Sayadi F. Techno-Econo-Environmental study on the use of domestic-scale wind turbines in Iran. Energy Equipment and Systems. 2019; 7(4): 317-38. https://doi.org/10.22059/ees.2019.37669
[36] Ghaderian A, Jahangiri M, Saghaei H. Emergency power supply for NICU of a hospital by solar-wind-based system, a step towards sustainable development. Journal of Solar Energy Research. 2020; 5(3): 506-15. https://doi.org/10.22059/jser.2020.306423.1166
[37] Jahangiri M, Shamsabadi AA. Designing a horizontal-axis wind turbine for South Khorasan province: A case study. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing. 2017; 18: 1463-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-017-0174-5
[38] Nor KM, Shaaban M, Rahman HA. Feasibility assessment of wind energy resources in Malaysia based on NWP models, Renewable Energy 2014; 62: 147-154.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148113003467
[39] Vahdatpour S, Behzadfar S, Siampour L, Veisi E, Jahangiri M. Evaluation of off-grid hybrid renewable systems in the four climate regions of Iran. Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment. 2017; 4(1): 61-70. https://doi.org/10.30501/jree.2017.70107
[40] Sedaghat A, Mostafaeipour A, Rezaei M, Jahangiri M, Mehrabi A. A new semi-empirical wind turbine capacity factor for maximizing annual electricity and hydrogen production. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 45(32): 15888-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.04.028
[41] Moein M, Pahlavan S, Jahangiri M, Alidadi Shamsabadi A. Finding the minimum distance from the national electricity grid for the cost-effective use of diesel generator-based hybrid renewable systems in Iran. Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment. 2018; 5(1): 8-22. https://doi.org/10.30501/jree.2018.88377
[42] Shata AA, Hanitsch R. Evaluation of wind energy potential and electricity generation on the coast of Mediterranean Sea in Egypt. Renewable energy. 2006; 31(8): 1183-202. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148105001795
[43] Fadare DA. The application of artificial neural networks to mapping of wind speed profile for energy application in Nigeria. Applied Energy. 2010; 87(3): 934-42.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626190900381X
[44] Argungu GM, Bala EJ, Momoh M, Musa M, Dabai KA, Zangina U, Maiyama BA. Statistical analysis of wind energy Resource potentials for power generation In Jos, Nigeria, Based on Weibull distribution function. The International Journal of Engineering and Science. 2013; 2(5): 22-31.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Statistical-Analysis-of-Wind-Energy-Resource-For-In-Argungu-Bala/4c7db7ece3182abb313d24c72905a5f936e7f029
[45] Azad A. K., Rasul M.G., Islam R., Shishir I.R. Analysis of wind energy prospect for power generation by three Weibull distribution methods, Energy Procedia75 (2015)722 – 727.
https://www.theijes.com/papers/v2-i5/Part.4/D0254022031.pdf
[46] Rezaei M, Mostafaeipour A, Jahangiri M. Economic assessment of hydrogen production from sea water using wind energy: a case study. Wind Engineering. 2021; 45(4): 1002-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309524X20944391
[47] Jahangiri M, Shamsabadi AA, Nematollahi O, Mostafaeipour A. Enviro-economic investigation of a new generation of wind turbines. International Journal of Strategic Energy & Environmental Planning. 2020; 2(3): 43-59. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341670932
[48] Jahangiri M, Riahi R. Potential of wind hydrogen production in Afghanistan. 8th Iran Wind Energy Conference, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, 2022: 1-4. https://civilica.com/doc/1560460
[49] Elamouri M, Amar FB. Evaluation du potentiel éolien de sept sites retenus au nord de la Tunisie. Séminaire international sur le génie climatique et Energétique. 2010: 1-7.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fathi-Ben-Amar/publication/324477439
[50] Mostafaeipour A, Sadeghi S, Jahangiri M, Nematollahi O, Rezaeian Sabbagh A. Investigation of accurate location planning for wind farm establishment: a case study. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. 2020; 18(4): 821-45. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEDT-08-2019-0208
[51] Teshnizi EA, Jahangiri M, Shamsabadi AA, Pomares LM, Mostafaeipour A, Assad ME. Comprehensive Energy-Econo-Enviro (3E) Analysis of Grid-Connected Household Scale Wind Turbines in Qatar. Jordan Journal of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering. 2021; 15(2): 215-231. http://jjmie.hu.edu.jo/vol15-2/07-jjmie_44_20.pdf
