پتانسیل خطر غذایی فلزات سنگین در ماهیان سواحل شمالی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان: مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز
الموضوعات : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوریمحمد حسین سینکاکرمی 1 , نوشین گشمردی 2
1 - گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم دریایی و محیطی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
2 - گروه آموزش زیست شناسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، صندوق پستی 889-14665 تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: خلیج فارس, دریای عمان, ماهی, فلزات سنگین, خطر غذایی,
ملخص المقالة :
خلیج فارس و دریای عمان محل زیست گونههای مختلفی از آبزیان بهویژه ماهیان میباشند. فلزات سنگین بهعنوان مهمترین آلایندههای این اکوسیستمهای آبی محسوب میشوند که میتوانند عوامل مهم تهدیدکننده سلامت مصرفکنندگان باشند. هدف این پژوهش، مرور نظاممند مطالعاتی است که به تعیین غلظت فلزات سنگین در بافت عضله برخی از ماهیان این آبها از تاریخ 1384 تا 1397 پرداختهاند. این پژوهش متاآنالیز روی بافت عضله 1182 قطعه از ماهیان حلواسفید، شوریده، زمینکن، سرخو، سنگسر، شبهشوریده، شیر، قباد و هامور صید شده از خلیج فارس و دریای عمان بهمنظور بررسی میزان این فلزات انجام گرفت. میزان مجازمصرف، خطر مصرف غذایی و مقایسه با استانداردها بررسی شد. میزان شاخصهایTHQ و HI در همهی گونههای ماهیان مورد مطالعه برای بالغین کمتر از یک، اما برای کودکان فقط در ماهی شیر در شاخص HI بالاتر از یک بهدست آمد. میزان فلزات جیوه، روی و سرب در تمامی ماهیها، کادمیوم در سرخو و سنگسر و نیکل در سنگسر، قباد و هامور از تمامی استانداردها پایینتر بود. میزان جذب روزانه و هفتگی برای تمامی فلزات مورد مطالعه در اثر مصرف ماهیان مورد بررسی پایینتر از میزان مجاز کمیته JECFA بهدست آمد. همچنین کمترین میزان وعدههای مجاز مصرف از نظر فلزات مورد مطالعه مربوط به ماهیهای شیر؛ فلز جیوه، شبهشوریده؛ فلز سرب و زمینکن؛ سایر فلزات بود. بهنظر ميرسد مصرف زیاد ماهی زمینکن از نظر فلزات مورد بررسی احتمالا می‌تواند با خطراتی بهویژه برای کودکان بههمراه باشد. از اینرو حفاظت از محیط زیست که در ایجاد مشکلات بهداشت تغذیه تاثیرگذار است، یک ضرورت تلقی میگردد.
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