Growth Compatibility and Medicinal Potential of Four Salvia Species in Semnan Climatic Conditions
الموضوعات :
Bahareh Kashefi
1
(Department of Agriculture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran)
Seyed Fardin Hassani Shariyatpanahi
2
(Department of Natural Resources and Watershed, Semnan, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Growth indices, Active ingredients, Compounds, Salvia species, Morphological properties,
ملخص المقالة :
Salvia is a medicinal plant native to Iran with pharmaceutical and healthcare importance. We aimed to assess the compatibility of four Salvia species (officinalis, sclarea, nemorosa and limbata) in Semnan, Iran climatic conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The plantlets were planted in the main field and evaluated in early, mid and late-growth seasons. The studied characteristics included plant height, leaf and flowering traits. The active ingredients of the plant were obtained in various phenological stages and measured by GC-MS. Results showed that the maximum and minimum plant height and number of leaves were observed in officinalis and limbata species, respectively. Maximum leaf length and diameter were observed in sclarea and nemorosa species, respectively. The leaf growth process was increased with the development of growth season, such that maximum leaf length and diameter were obtained in the post-flowering conditions. Depending on the species, Salvia flowers are formed in different growth years, such that in the four species studied in this research, sclarea and officinalis started flowering from the first and second years, respectively. According to the comparison of flowering traits measured in these two species, the number of florets, height of main flowering spikes, height of lateral flowering spikes, and height of the post-flowering plant were higher in sclarea than officinalis. However, the number of lateral flowering spikes was higher in officinalis. Moreover, the number of active ingredients was higher in officinalis than other species. Conclusively, sclarea was the best species in growth indices and officinalis species had highest active ingredients yield.
1. Omidbaigi R., 2005. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Beh-Nashr: Mashhad. pp.210- 225.
2. Delnavaz Hamshmlouyan B., Ataie Azimi A., 2007. Medicinal and edible plants. Islamic Azad University: Saveh. Pp.207-209.
3. Omidbeigi R., 2009. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Tarrahane Nashr, Tehran. pp. 215-220.
4. Lange O.L., Nobel P.S., Osmand C.B., 1983. Ziegler H. Physiological plant Ecology 4rd ed. Springer- Verlag; Berlin.pp. 1-9.
5. Yanive Z., Palevitch D., 1982. Effect of drought on the secondary metabolites of medicinal and aromatic plant; In: cultivation and utilization of medicinal plant CSIR. Jummu- Tawi. pp. 1- 23.
6. Blumenthal M., Goldberg A., 2000. Brinckmann J. Herbal Medicine American Botanical Council, Integrative Medicine Communications: USA.pp. 257-263.
7. Mirhaydar H., 1993. Plant Information, Nashre Farhang Islami: Tehran.pp. 411-416.
8. Zargari A., Rhubarbes S., 1997. Medicinal plant. 6th ed. Tehran University: Tehran. pp. 510- 538.
9. Ahmadi L., Mirza M., 1999. Volatile oil of Salvia multicalis. J Essent Oil Rese. 11, 289-290.
10. Baher Nik Z., Mirza M., 2004. Volatile constituents of Salvia spinosa L. from Iran. Flavour Fragr J. 19, 230-232.
11. Baher Nik Z., Mirza M., 2005. Composition of the essential oil of Salvia limbata. J Essent Oil Res. 7, 10-11.
12. Mirza M., Baher Nik Z., Jamzad Z., 2003. The Extraction and Identification of the essential oil constituents of Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F. and Esfand. Iran J Med Aromatic Plants. 19(2), 117-124.
13. Mirza M., Ahmadi L., 2000. Composition of the Essential Oil of Salvia atropatana Bunge. J Essen. Oil Res. 12(5), 575-576
14. Mirza M., Baher Nik Z., 2005. Extraction and Identification of chemical composition of the essential oil constituents of Salvia compressa. Iran J Med Aromatic Plants. 22(4), 431-436.
15. Ghani A., Ebrahimpour A., Tehranifar A. Hassanzadeh-Khayyat M., 2010. Evaluation of growth and development adaptability and medicinal-ornamental potential of Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) cultivated in Mashhad climatic conditions. Int J Plant Prod. 17(1), 77-90.
16. Massada K., Hosni K., Taarit M.B., Chahed T., Kechouk M.E., Marzouk B., 2007. Changes on the essential oil composition of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) fruits during three stages of maturity. Food Chem. 102, 1131-1134.
17. Yazdani D., Jamshidi A.H., Rezazadeh Sh., Mojab F., Shahnazi S., 2004. Variation of essential oil percentage and constituent at different growth stages of dill (Anethum graveolens L.). J Med Plants. 15, 38-41.
18. Omidbaigi R., Hadjiakhoondi A., Saharkhiz M.J., 2003. Change in content and chemical composition of Pimpinella anisum oil at various harvest time. J Essent Oil Bear Plants. 6(1), 46-50.
19. Saharkhiz M.J., Omidbaigi R., Sefidkon F., 2005. The effect of different harvest stage on the essential oil of Ajowan (Trachysperum ammi Sprague) cultivated in Iran. J Essent Oil Bear Plants. 8(3), 300-303.
20. Sefidkon F., Kalvandi R., Mirza M., 2003. Chemical variation of the essential oil of Nepeta heliotropifolia in different stages of plant growth. Iran J Med Aromatic Plants. 19(3), 255-267.
21. Ahmadi L., Mirza M., 1999. A study of chemical composition of essential oil from Salvia officinalis L. during different growth stages. J Sci and Techno Agric and Natu Reso. 3(2), 93-100.
22. Rustaian A., 1982. Essential oil of Salvia lerifolia and Salvia sclareae. Phytochem. 21, 1812-1813.
23. Mirza M., Ahmadi L., 1999. Identification of essential oil and extraction of Salvia sclareae. Iranian J Med. Aro. Plants Res. 216, 115-136.
24. Ebrahimpour F., Eidizadeh V. 2009. Medicinal plants. Payam Noor University; Tehran. pp. 5- 29.
25. Abdollahi M.R., Ravindran V., Wester T.J., Ravindran G., Thomas D.V., 2010. Influence of conditioning temperature on the performance, nutrient utilisation and digestive tract development of broilers fed on maize- and wheat-based diets. Br Poult Sci. 51, 648–657.
26. Bakhshi Khaniki Gh.R, Sefidkon F., Dehghan Z., 2010. Effects of site conditions on quantity and quality of oil essential of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. J Herbal Drugs. 1, 11-20.
27. Mossi A.J., Cansian, R.L., Paroul N., Toniazzo G., Oliveira J.V., Pierozan M.K., Pauletti G., Rota L., Santos A.C., Serafini L.A., 2011. Morphological characterisation and agronomical parameters of different species of Salvia sp. (Lamiaceae). Braz J Biol. 71(1), 21-9.
28. Razafimamonjison G., Jahiel M., Ramanoelina P., Fawbush F., Danthu P., 2013. Effects of phenological stages on yield and composition of essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum buds from Madagascar. Int J Basic Appl Sci. 2(4), 312-318.
29. Moghaddam M., Ghasemi Pirbalouti A., Mehdizadeh L., Pirmoradi M., 2015. Changes in composition and essential oil yield of Ocimum ciliatum at different phenological stages. Eur Food Res Technol. 240(1), 199–204.
30. Shadi A., Saharkhiz M.J., 2016. Changes in Essential oil Contents and Chemical Compositions of Artemisia sieberi at Different Phenological Growth Stages. Analytical Chemistry Letters. 6(3), 249-256.
