Trace Metals Content of Soil around a Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite in Gombe, Nigeria: Assessing the Ecological and Human Health Impact
الموضوعات :
Mohammad Sulaiman
1
,
Jonnie Asegbeloyin
2
,
Janefrances Ihedioha
3
,
Ebube Oyeka
4
,
Esther Oji
5
1 - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
2 - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
3 - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
4 - Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
5 - Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
الکلمات المفتاحية: Municipal solid waste, Dumpsite, Trace metals, Pollution indices, Human health risk,
ملخص المقالة :
The assessment of some trace metals in soils around a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Gombe, Nigeria was conducted. Pollution indices and health risk parameters were determined in order to evaluate the ecological and health risk to the local environment. The soil samples were collected in dry and rainy seasons and analysed for (Fe, Cd, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Ni) using atomic absorption spectrometry. The content of trace metals (mg kg-1) at the dumpsite in dry season were: Pb (8.78), Zn (151.00), Ni (11.80), Cr (4.55), Cd (12.12) and Mn (92.05), while in rainy season, content of trace metals were Pb (8.80), Zn (148.00), Ni (11.63), Cr (4.20), Cd (10.03) and Mn (91.03). In both seasons, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in levels of chromium, cadmium, zinc, nickel, lead, copper and iron in soil samples from the south (20 m) of the dumpsite and at the dumpsite compared to soil samples from the control site. Pollution indices studies showed that soil samples from south (20 m) of the dumpsite and at the dumpsite were highly polluted with cadmium, contributing 99% of the overall potential ecological risk. No potential health risk was detected, considering the fact that the hazard quotient and total hazard index of all the studied metals were less than one. However, children were found to be more vulnerable to heavy metal pollution than adults.
1. Nyangababo J.T., Hamya J.W., 1980. The Deposition of Lead, Cadmium, Zinc and Copper from Motor Traffic on BradariaEnimi and Soil along a major Bombo road. Int J Environ Stud Legol X. 1(32), 117-125.
2. Umeakuku J.M., Mba H.C., 1999. Solid waste management practices: A case Study of Anambra State. JNigInst Town Plan.12, 12-45.
3. Banat K.M., Howari F.M., Al-Hamada. A.A., 2005. Heavy Metals in Urban Soils of CentralJordan: Should We Worry about Their Environmental Risks? Environ Res.97, 258-273.
4. Zhang L.P., Ye X., Feng H., 2007. Heavy Metal Contamination in Western Xiamen Bay Sediments and Its Vicinity, China.Mar Poll Bull.54, 974-982.
5. Yu R., Yuan X., Zhao Y., Hu G., Tu X., 2008. Heavy metal pollution in intertidal sediments from Quanzhou Bay, China. J Environ Sci. 20(6), 664-669.
6. Martin D., Glass T.A, Bandeen-Roche K., Todd A.C., Shi W., Schwartz B.S., 2006. Association of blood lead and tibia lead with blood pressure and hypertension in a community sample of older adults.Am J Epidemiol.163(5), 467- 478.
7. Waalkes M.P., 2000. Cadmium Carcinogenesis in review.J Inorg Biochem. 79, 240-244.
8. Berge S.R., Skyberg K.,2003. Radiographjc evidence of pulmonary fibrosis and possible etiologic factors at a nickel refinery in Norway. Environ Monit. 5(4), 681-688.
9. Ogbuene E.B., Igwebuike E.H., Agusiegbe U.M., 2013. The impact of open municipal solid waste dumped on soil quality: A case study of Ugwuaji in Enugu, Nigeria. Brit J AdvAcad Res. 2(1), 43-53.
10. Temilola O., Oluwatoyin A., Emmanuel A., 2014. Impact Assessment of Dumpsites on Quality of near-by Soil and Underground Water: A Case Study of an Abandoned and a Functional Dumpsite in Lagos, Nigeria.Int J Sci Environ Tech. 3(3), 1004-1015.
11. Ihedioha J.N., Ukoha P.O., Ekere N.R., 2016.Ecological and human health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil of a municipal solid waste dump in Uyo, Nigeria. Environl Geochem Health. DOI 10.1007/s10653-016-9830-4.
12. Reimann C., Caritat P.D., 2005. Distinguishing between natural and anthropogenic sources for elements in the environment: Regional geochemical surveys b=versus enrichment factors. Sci Tot Environ. 227, 91-107.
13. Pekey H., 2006. The distribution and sources of heavy metals in Izmit Bay surface sediments affected by a polluted stream. Mar Poll Bull. 52, 1119 -1208.
14. FRN (Federal Republic of Nigeria), 2007. Official Gazette: Legal Notice on Publication of the 2006 Census Report, 4(94) B, pp. 185-186. Lagos, Nigeria.HYPERLINK http://www.mapsofworld.com/lat_long/nigeria-lat-long. html Date accessed 12 /09/2011 //http://www. mapsofworld.com/lat_long/nigeria-lat-long. html Date accessed 12/09/2011.
15. Iloeje N.P., 2001. A new geography of Nigeria, new revised edition. Longman Nigeria PLC.
16. Adang K.L., Nsor C.A., Tela M., 2015. Survey of avifauna of Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria.Int J Bio Bio Sci. 4(2), 32-36.
17. Hamdeh-Abu N.H., 2004. The effect of tillage treatments on soil water holding capacity and on soil physical properties, ISCO 2004-13th International Soil Conservation Organization Conference-Brisbane, July 2004 Conserving Soil and Water for Society: Sharing Solutions Paper 2004;No. 669, pp1-6.
18. Nwajei G.E., Gagophien P.O., 2000. Distribution of heavy metals in the sediments of Lagos lagoon. Pak J SciInd Res. 43, 338-340.
19. Muller G., 1969. Index of geo-accumulation in sediments of the Rhine river. Geol J. 2(3), 108-118.
20. Turekian K.K., Wedepohl K.H., 1961. Distribution of the elements in some major units of the earth’s crust. Bull Geol Soc America. 72, 175-192.
21. Huu H.H., Rudy S., Damme A.V., 2010. Distribution and contamination status of heavy metals in estuarine sediments near CauOng harbor, Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. GeolBelgica. 13(1-2), 37-47.
22. Abrahim G.M.S., Parker R.J., 2008. Assessment of heavy metal enrichment factors and the degress of contamination in marine sediments from Tamaki Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand. Enviro Monit Assess. 136, 227-238.
23. Niencheski L.F., Windom H.L., Smith R., 1994. Distribution of particulate trace metal in Patos Lagoon Estuary (Brazil). Mar Poll Bull. 28, 96 - 102.
24. Khairy M.A., Barakat A.O., Mostafa A.R., Wade T.L., 2011.Multi-element determination by flame atomic absorption of road dust samples in Delta Region, Egypt Microch J.97,234-242.
25. Thomilson D.C., Wilson D.J., Harris C.R., Jeffrey D.W., 1980. Problem in heavy metals in estuaries and the formation of pollution index.Hel WissMeeresunlter. 33(1-4), 566-575.
26. Sulaiman M.B., Salawu K., Barambu A.U., 2019. Assessment of Concentrations and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals at Resident and Remediated Soils of Uncontrolled Mining Site at Dareta Village, Zamfara, Nigeria. J ApplSci EnvironManage. 22(6), 999-1003.
27. Hakanson L., 1980. An ecological risk index for Aquatic pollution control.A Sedimentological Approach. Wat Res. 14, 975-1001.
28. Lai H.Y., Hseu Z.Y, Chen T.C., Chen B.C., Guo H.Y., Chen Z.S., 2010. Health risk-based assessment and management of heavy metals-contaminated soil sites in Taiwan. Int J Environ Res Pub Health. 7(10), 3595-3614.
29. USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. Federal Register, 63(93), 26846-26924.
30. USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 2001. Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfunda.Sites.OSWER 9355.4-24.Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
31. Ferreira-Baptista L., De MiguelE., 2005. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: a tropical urban environment. Atmos Environ.38, 4501- 4512.
32. USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency), 2010. Integrated Risk Information System. (IRIS). United States Environmental Protection. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/iris/index.html (accessed on 4 October 2011).
33. Wang X., Wang F., Chen B., Sun F., He W., Wen D., Liu X., Wang Q., 2012. Comparing the health risk of toxic metals through vegetable consumption between industrial polluted and non-polluted fields in Shaoguan, South China.J FoodAgric Environ. 10(2), 943-948.
34. Lemly A.D., 1996. Evaluation of the hazard quotient method for risk assessment of selenium. Ecotox Environ Safe. 35, 156-162.
35. Agyarko K., Darteh E., Berlinger B., 2010. Metal level in some refuse dump soils and plants in Ghana. J Plant Soil. Environ. 56(5), 244-251.
36. Eddy N.O., Odoemelem S.A., Mbaba A., 2006. Elemental Composition of soil in some dumpsites located within IkotEkpene. Electro. J Environ AgricFood Chem. 5(3), 1349-1365.
37. Affi B.D., Emile B.B., Koffi K., Clarisse B.B., Yao G., Bernard A., Albert Y.K., Eric D., 2018. Assessment of heavy metal contamination degree of municipal open-air dumpsite on surrounding soils: Case of dumpsite of Bonoua, Ivory Coast. IntJEngr Res Gen Sci. 6(5), 28-42.
38. Uba S., Uzairu A., Harrison G.F.S., Balarabe M.L., Okunola O.J., 2008. Assessment of Heavy Metals Bioavailability in Dumpsites of Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria.Africa J Biotech. 7(2), 122-130.
39. Amusan A.A., Ige D.V., Olawafe R., 2005. Characteristics of Soil and Crop uptake of Metals in Municipal waste dump sites in Nigeria. J Human Ecol. 1(2), 167-171.
40. DPR (Department of Petroleum Resources), 2002. Environmental guidelines and Standards for the petroleum industries in Nigeria Department of Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Abuja, Nigeria.
41. Jafaru H.M., Dowuona G.N.N., Adjadeh T.A., Nartey E.K., Nude P.M., Neina D., 2015. Geochemical assessment of heavy metal pollution as impacted by municipal solid waste at Abloradjei waste dump site, Accra-Ghana.Res J Environ Earth Sci.7(3), 50-59.
42. Ajah K.C., Ademiluyi J., Nnaji C.C., 2015. Spatiality, Seasonality and Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in the Vicinity of a Degenerate Municipal Central Dumpsite in Enugu, Nigeria. J Environ Health Sci Engr. 13, 15doi: 10.1186/s40201-015-0168-0.
43. Hammed A.O., Lukuman A., Gbola K.A., Mohammed O.A., 2017. Heavy Metal Contents in Soil and Plants at Dumpsites: A Case Study of Awotan and Ajakanga Dumpsite Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. J Environ Earth Sci. 7(4), 11-24.
44. Chukwudi N.N., Henry D.O., Selegha A., Modupeola A.O., Vilém P., 2017. Assessment of the impacts of municipal solid waste dumps on soils and plants. Chem. Ecol. DOI: 10.1080/02757540.2017.1337101.
45. Ismat H.A., Saifeldin M.S., Abubakr M.I., Eid I.B., Khalid A.I., Sara A.M.E., Muhammad A., 2019. Contamination and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil of a municipal solid waste dumpsite in Khamees-Mushait, Saudi Arabia. Toxin Reviews, DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1564144.
46. Ogunkunle C.O., Fatoba P.O., 2013. Pollution loads and the ecological risk assessment of soil heavy metals around a mega cement factory in south west Nigeria. Pol J Environ Std. 22(2), 487-493.
47. Ihedioha J.N., Okoye C.O.B., 2012. Cadmium and Lead Levels in Muscle and Edible Offal of Cow Reared in Nigeria. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 88(3), 422-427.
48. Okoye C.O.B., Ugwu J.N., 2010. Impact of environmental cadmium, lead, copper and zinc on quality of goat meat in Nigeria. Bull ChemSoc Ethiopia. 24(1), 133-138.
49. Ihedioha J.N.,Ekere N.R., Okoye C.O.B., 2013. Cadmium in locally grown rice (Oryza sativa) in Nigeria. Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, 6(4), 275-278.
50. Karim Z., Qureshi, B.A., 2013. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban soil of Karachi, Pakistan. Hum Ecol Risk Assess. 20, 658-667.
