Improvement of Seed Germination of Date-plum (Diospyros lotus L.) by Physical and Chemical Treatments
الموضوعات :
Pegah Sayyad-Amin
1
(Former PhD Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences and Landscaping, Agriculture College, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran)
Ali- Reza Shahsavar
2
(Associate Professor of Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Scarification, Stratification, Diospyros lotus, germination,
ملخص المقالة :
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is an important subtropical, monoecious, dioeocious and polygamous tree which belongs to Ebenaceae family. Because of low total seed and low viability seed in persimmon, grafting on seedling rootstock is generally used for its propagation. The common rootstock is Diospyros lotus, but its seeds have long dormancy. So, the study was carried out to investigate the effects of stratification (0, 25, 50 and 70 days) at 4-70C, scarification with (97%) sulphuric acid (0, 2.5, 5 and7.5 minute) and GA3 (0, 250, 500 and 750 mgL-1) on seed germination of D. lotus. Results showed that the most germination rate was observed in GA3 at 250 mgL-1. Stratification for 70 days had the most germination percent. The most germination uniformity was observed in GA3 at 500 mgL-1. In scarification plus stratification, the germination percent was lower than control and stratification.
1. Itto S. Persimmon., 1988. CRC Handbook of Fruit Set and Development. pp. 355-369.
2. Olson D.J., Barnes R.L., 1974. Diospyros virginiana L., common persimmon. 1974. In: Schopmeyer CS, tech. coord. Seeds of woody plants in the United States. Agric. Handbk. 450. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service. pp. 373-375.
3. Debska K., Krasuska U., Budnicka K., Bogatek R., Gniazdowska A., 2008. Dormancy removal of apple seeds by cold stratification is associated with fluctuation in H2O2, NO production and protein carbonylation level. Journal of Plant Physiology. 170, 480–488.
4. Oh J.H., Kim S.K., Ahn H.K., 1988. Studies on seed germination of Diospyros species. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science. 29(4), 297-303.
5. Chen S.Y., Chou S.H., Tsai C.C., Hsu W.Y., Baskin C.C., Baskin J.M., Chien C.T., Kuo-Huang L.L., 2015. Effects of moist cold stratification on germination, plant growth regulators, metabolites and embryo ultrastructure in seeds of Acer morrisonense (Sapindaceae). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 94, 165-173.
6. Dirr M., Heuser C.J., 1987. The reference manual of woody plant propagation: from seed to tissue culture. Athens, GA: Varsity Press. pp. 239.
7. Chaudhry N.Y., Khan A.S., 2006. Improvement of pistillate flowes yield with GA3 in heavy metals treated plants. Plant Growth Regul. 50, 211-217.
8. Rostami A.A., Shahsavar A., 2009. Effects of seed scarification on seed germination and early growth of olive seedlings. Journal of Biological Science. 9(8), 825-828.
9. Hartmann H.T., Kester D.E., Davis F.T., Greeve R.L., 2001. Plant propagation principles and practices. 6th Edn, Prantice Hall Publisher, London. pp. 373.
10. Soltani A., Gleshi S., Zeinali E., Latifi N., 2002. Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Science and Technology. 30, 51-60.
11. Aygun A., Erdogan V., Bzkurt E., 2009. Effect of some pretreatments on seed germination of Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.). Acta Horticulturae. 203-206.
12. Chen S.Y., Kuo S.H., Chien C.T., 2008. Roles of gibberellins and abscisic acid in dormancy and germination of red bayberry (Myrica rubra) seeds. Tree Physiology.28, 1431–1439
13. Yin L., Wang C., Chen Y., Yu C., li W., 2009. Cold stratification, light and high seed density enhance the germination of Ottelia alismoides. Aquatic Botany. 90, 85-88.
14. Heidari M., Shahsavar A., 2006. Effects of scarification, stratification and GA3 on seed germination of Diospyros lotus. 1. International symposium on pomegranate and minor Mediterranean fruit.
15. Darrudi R., Hassandokht M.R., Nazeri V., Baradaran B., Jafari A., 2015. Effects of moist stratification, GA3 and seed age on seed germinationof Rheum khorasanicum. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants In press. pp. 6.
16. Parvin P., M. Khezri M., Tavasolian I., Hosseini H., 2013. The effect of gibberellic acid and chilling stratification on seed germination of eastern. black walnut (Juglans nigra L.). Journal of Nuts. 6(1), 67-76.
17. Furtani S.C., 1987. Influence of temperature, KNO3, GA3 and seed drying on emergence of papaya seedlings. Scientica Horticulturae. 32, 67-72.
18. Resende M., De T., Silva T., guimaraes R.M., Silva E.A., 2009. Influence of light and gibberellin on the germination velocity of coffee seeds (Coffea Arabica L.). Coffee Science, Larvas. 4(2), 149-154.
19. Amiri J., Rahemi M., 2005. The effect of temperature and hard shell removal on olive seed germination. J Agric Sci. 1(4), 99-109.
20. Bradford K.J., Nanogaki K., 2007. Seed development, dormancy and germination. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 329.
21. Mirzadeh Vaghefi S.S., Nasisri M., 2013. The effects of physical and chemical factors on the seed germination of Crataegus assadii. Journal of Plant Researches (Iranian Journal of Biology). 26(3), 366-376.
