تاثیر فلز کادمیوم بر میزان آنزیم کاتالاز و بیومارکر دی تیروزین در برخی گونه های زراعی
الموضوعات : یافته های نوین کشاورزیسیده فاطمه موسوی 1 , داود حبیبی 2 , افشین مظفری 3 , نورعلی ساجدی 4
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، ایران
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، کرج، ایران
3 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ایلام، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ایلام، ایران
4 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، اراک، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آنزیم آنتی اکسیدانت, بیومارکر بیوشیمیایی, کاتالاز و دی تیروزین,
ملخص المقالة :
این آزمایش در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج در سال 89- 1388به اجرا در آمد. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل میزان کادمیوم در خاک در سه سطح (صفر، 40 و 80 میلی گرم در کیلو گرم خاک خشک) و گونه گیاه زراعی در سه سطح (یونجه یکساله (Medicago rigidula)، ماشک گل خوشه ای (Vicia villosa) وکلزا(Barassica napus)) بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد میزان کادمیوم در خاک و گونه های زراعی بر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه اثر معنی داری داشت. بالاترین میزان بیومارکر دی تیروزین (D-T) در کلزا (با 99/10 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) و پایین ترین میزان در گیاه ماشک گل خوشه ای (با 86/8 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بود. بیشترین و کمترین میزان آنزیم آنتی اکسیدانت کاتالاز (CAT) به ترتیب متعلق بود یونجه (با 79/55 واحد بر میلی گرم پروتئین) و ماشک گل خوشه ای (با 77/52 واحد بر میلی گرم پروتئین). نتایج آزمایش نشان داد با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم (Cd)در خاک، مقدار بیومارکر دی تیروزین افزایش یافت اما برعکس میزان آنزیم کاتالاز کاهش یافت. دوز 80 و صفر (میلی گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک خشک) به ترتیب با 72/11 و 52/6 (میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بالاترین و پایین ترین میزان بیومارکر دی تیروزین را به خود اختصاص دادند. دوز صفر و 80 (میلی گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک خشک) به ترتیب با 30/63 و 39/49 (میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بالاترین و پایین ترین میزان آنزیم کاتالاز را به خود اختصاص دادند.
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