Effect of Fire on Composition, Biodiversity, and Functional Groups Changes in Semi-Steppe Rangelands of Southern Zagros
الموضوعات :
Parviz Gholami
1
(Ph.D in Rangeland Science, Department of Range Management, Sari University of Agriculture Sciences & Natural Resources, Sari, I.R. Iran)
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
2
(Assistant Prof., Department of Forestry and Institute of Natural Resources and Environmental, Yasouj University, Yasouj, I.R. of Iran.)
Ehsan Zandi Esfahan
3
(Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran)
Alireza Eftekhari
4
(Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Fire, Multivariate analysis, Zagros, Biodiversity indices, Grasses,
ملخص المقالة :
Fire as an ecological factor has both positive and negative effects on components of the ecosystem. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fire on composition, diversity, and functional groups changes in the Tangesorkh rangeland of Boyer-Ahmad County, Iran. The fire took place in the summer of 2015. Two years after the fire, the characteristics of vegetation were measured in the 1 m2 plots. The results showed that 17 species were exclusively found in the fire region, 14 species exclusively in the control region, and 37 species were shared between the two regions. The results of means comparison showed that among the study species, 21 species had a significant response to the fire in terms of canopy cover percent. Fire in the area increased the Simpson and Shannon diversity index and Margalef richness index. The fire caused the canopy cover percent of annuals, perennials, grasses, forbs, Throphytes, Cryptophytes, Hemicryptophytes, Chamaephytes, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae and Poaceae increased significantly as compared to control. The redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that the species had different responses to fire so that the canopy cover of Bromus danthoniae, Vicia villosa, Bromus tomentellus, Astragalus hispanicus, Ziziphora tenuior, Bunium rectangulum, Ferulago angulate and Gundelia tournefortii were increased in the regions where fire occurred. According to the results of this research, functional groups have important roles in determining the responses of plant species to the environmental disturbances; hence, they can affect the secondary succession after the wildfire in rangelands.
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