Forage Yield and Quality of Desmodium dichotomum Accessions in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia
الموضوعات :
Hunegnaw Kassaw
1
,
Tewodros Belay
2
,
Yohannes Gebre
3
1 - Animal Sciences, Agriculture, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
2 - Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Wollo University
3 - Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture, Wollo University
الکلمات المفتاحية: Forage quality, biomass, Nutrient, Chimero,
ملخص المقالة :
Bouffordia dichotoma (Willd.) Ohashi et al. [syn. Desmodium dichotomum (Willd.) DC], family Fabaceae, is recognized by farmers (locally called Chimero) in Eastern Amhara Region, Ethiopia as a valuable livestock feed. This forage is growing as spontaneous intercrop with sorghum or maize crop. It is an herbaceous self-regenerating legume growing in a wild state. Short-listed accessions were undergoing for preliminary variety trial. In order to determine forage yield and quality of Desmodium dichotomum, a field experiment was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in year 2020. Plots were harvested to determine Dry Matter (DM) yield and leaf to stem weight ratio. Forage samples from each replicates were harvested and grounded using Wiley Mill, to pass through a 1 mm screen. The ground tissue was then analyzed for moisture, Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF), crude fat, total ash and mineral concentrations. The highest mean DM yield was recorded for accession no. 37708 (10.78 ton/ha) followed by accession 37709 (7.7 ton/ha) while the lowest was 2.84 ton/ha (accession 2003). The highest CP concentration occurred in accessions no. 37708 and 37709 (23.9%), followed by accession no. 37702 (23.3%), while the lowest value of CP was recorded for accession no. 37715 (20.5%). A considerable concentration of mineral element was observed among the tested accessions. According to the results accession no. 37708, 37709 and 37705 can be considered as a good source of forage.
Adjolohoun, S.A., Buldgen, C., Adandedjan, V., Decruyenaere., and Dardenne P. 2008. Yield and nutritive value of herbaceous and browse forage legumes in the Borgou region of Benin. Tropical Grasslands, 42:104–111.
AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. 1298p.
Asmare, D., Tizazu, M., Seid, H., Tewodros, A., Endeshaw, A., Rahmet, Y., and Muluken G. 2018. A Smart Climate Resilient Push-Pull Technology to the Management of Stem Borer and Striga: The effect of Brachiaria Rows on Stem borer Damage on Sorghum in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. Terminal report of Push pulls FRN report to MacKnight Foundation, Dessie, Ethiopia
Belete, S., Hassen, A., Assafa, T., Amen, N., and Ebro A. 2012. Identification and nutritive value of potential fodder trees and shrubs in the Mid Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 22:1126‒1132.
Cook, B.G., Pengelly, B.C., Brown, S.D., Donnelly, J.L., Eagles, D.A., Franco, M.A., Hanson, J., Mullen, B.F., Partridge, I.J., Peters, M., and Schultze-Kraft R. 2005. Tropical forages. CSIRO, DPI&F (Qld), CIAT and ILRI, Brisbane, Australia.
Engle, T.E., 2001. Trace minerals, vitamins and preventative nutrition. Feedstuffs, 73:11-18.
Etana, D., Adugna, T., Lars, O.E., and Ragnar, S., 2011. Nutritive value of morphological fractions of sesbania sesban and desmodium intortum. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 14:793 – 805.
Ezzat, S., Fadlalla, B., and Ahmed, H., 2018. Effect of Growth Stage on the Macro Mineral Concentrations of Forbs and Grasses in a Semi-arid Region of Sudan. Journal of Rangeland Science, 8: 23-29.
Getnet, A., 2012. “Retrospects and prospects of forage and pasture crop research in Ethiopia”. In: Getnet Assefa, Mesfin Dejene, Jean Hanson, Getachew Anemut, Solomon Mengistu and Alemayehu Mengistu (eds), Forage seed research and development in Ethiopia. Ethiopia institute of agricultural research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Pp 7-14.
Getnet, A., Solomon, M., Fekede, F., and Seyoum, B., 2016. Animal Feeds Research in Ethiopia: Achievements, Challenges and Future Directions. Proceedings of the National Conference on Agricultural Research for Ethiopian Renaissance held on January 26-27, 2016, in UNECA, Addis Ababa.
Habru Woreda Agriculture and Rural Development Office (HWoRDO). 2010. Socio-economic survey report of Gubalafto, Ethiopia. 1-5p.
Heuzé, V., Tran, G., Eugène, M., and Bastianelli, D., 2015. Silverleaf desmodium (Desmodium uncinatum). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. http://www.feedipedia.org/node/299 Last updated on October 7, 2015, 11:21
Heuzé, V., Tran, G., and Hassoun, P., 2017. Greenleaf desmodium (Desmodium intortum). Feedipedia, a programme by INRAE, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/303 Last updated on December 15, 2017, 17:32
Hunegnaw, H., 2020. A survey to assess the value of the legume chimero (Bouffo rdiadichotoma syn. Desmodium dichotomum) in mixed farming systems in North and South Wollo Zones, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Tropical Grasslands Forrajes Tropicales, 8:11–19.
Hunegnaw, H., Tewodros, A., 2022. Morphological characterization of Desmodium dichotomum germplasm collected from eastern Amhara (Ethiopia). Journal of Rangeland Science, 12, pp.
Islam, M.R,Saha, C.K., Sarker, N.R., Jalil, M.A., and Hasanuzzaman, M., 2003.Effect of variety on proportion of botanical fractions and nutritive value of different Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and relationship between botanical fractions and nutritive value. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 16:837- 842.
Kambashi, B., Boudry, C., Picron, P., and Bindelle, J., 2014. Forage plants as an alternative feed resource for sustainable pig production in the tropics. A review. Animal, 8:1298–1311.
Lauriault, L.M., Kirksey, R.E., 2004. Yield and nutritive value ofirrigated winter cereal forage grass-legume intercrops in the southern high plains, USA. Agronomy Journal, 96:352–358.
Mengistu, A., Kebede, G., Assefa, G., and Feyissa, F., 2017. Descriptions and characteristics of cultivated forage crops growing under different Agro-Ecological Zones in Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Biological sciences, 6:238-247.
Minson, D.J., 1990. Forages in Ruminant Nutrition. Academic Press, San Diego, California, pp. 208–229.
Musco, N., Ivan, B.K., Raffaella, T., Ghislain, A., Sebastien, A., Monica, I.C., Maria, P.M., Marcel, H., Federico, I., and Serena, C., 2016. Nutritional Characteristics of Forage Grown in South of Benin. Asian Australas. Journal of Animal Science, 29:51-61.
Ndikumana, J., de Leeuw, P. 1996. Sustainable Feed Production and Utilization of Smallholder Livestock Enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings of the Second African Feed Resources Network (AFRNET), Harare, Zimbabwe, 6–10 December 1993. AFRNET (African Feed Resources Network), Nairobi, Kenya. 201 pp.
Negassa, A., Rashid, S., and Gebremedhin, B., 2011. B. Livestock Production and Marketing. ESSP II Working Paper 26. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Food Policy Research Institute/Ethiopia Strategy Support Program II; 2011.
Neville, F.S., 2010. Honorary Research Fellow Moredun Foundation Pentland Science Park Bush Loan Penicuik Midlothian EH26 0PZ UK: Mineral Nutrition of Livestock, 4th Edition, CABI, Cambridge.
Nsahlai, I.V., Zinash, S., Seyoum, B., and Umuna, N.N., 1996. Nutritional characteristics and strategies to enhance utilization of tropical feeds for low resource livestock producers. In: Proc. 4thConference, Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), held 18-19 April 1996, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
National Variety Release Committee (NVRC) - Ministry of Agriculture., 2017. Crop variety release report for 2016/17. MOA, Ethiopia
Ohashi, K., Ohashi, H., Nemoto, T., Ikeda, T., Izumi, H., Kobayashi, H., Muragaki, H., Nata, K., Sato, N., and Suzuki, M., 2018. Phylogenetic analyses for a new classification of the Desmodium group of Leguminosae tribe Desmodieae. The Journal of Japanese Botany, 93:165‒189.
Preston TR, Leng AR. 1987. Matching ruminant production systems with available resources in the tropics and sub tropics. Penambul Books, Armidale. 245p.
R Core Team. 2019. R version 3.6.1.The R foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria.
Seyoum B, Zinash S, Dereje F. 2007. Composition and nutritive value of Ethiopian feedstuff, research report no.73. Inistiute of Agricultural Research (IAR), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp. 9-19.
Younge O.R, Pluckn DL, Peter P. 1964. Culture and Yield Performance of Desmodium intortum and D. canum in Hawaii. Technical bulletin no. 59, University of hawaii college of tropical agriculture hawaii agricultural experiment station, onolulu, Hawaii.
