Effect of Soil Properties on Above-ground Net Primary Production in Moghan-Sabalan Rangelands, Iran

الموضوعات :

Samaneh Mohammadi Moghaddam ¹ (Department of Range & Watershed Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran)
Ardavan Ghorbani ² (Department of Range & Watershed Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran)
Hossein Arzani ³ (Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran)
Javanshir Azizi Mobser ⁴ (Assistant Professor, Department of Range & Watershed Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran)
Raoof Mostafazadeh ⁵ (Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil)

تاريخ الإرسال : 24 السبت , ربيع الثاني, 1441 تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الإثنين , صفر, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 19 الخميس , شعبان, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: Soil properties, Grasses, Plant functional type, Forbs, Shrubs,

ملخص المقالة :

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between total community and Plant Functional Types (PFTs) Aboveground Net Primary Production (ANPP) with soil variables. Sampling done in two altitude gradients (20-3300m) and 25 sites at the rangelands of the northern Ardabil province in 2016. In each site, PFTs ANPP and soil were sampled. In laboratory soil variables including Soil Texture, Dispersible Clay, Bulk Density, Volumetric Soil Water Content, Saturation Percent, pH, EC, Organic Matter, Particulate Organic Matter, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorous, Sodium, Soluble Potassium, Exchangeable Potassium, Lime and Carbonate were measured. Cluster analysis was used to group sites based on soil variables. ANOVA and Tukey tests were employed to compare the value of ANPP and soil variable at different groups resulting from cluster analysis. Then, linear regression was used to investigate relationship between ANPP and soil variables. Based on cluster analysis, 25 sites were divided in four soil types and results showed that the value of PFTs and total ANPP and 26 soil variables from 37 soil variables had significant differences between grouping sites. Regression model showed that SK and P in first depth of soil were effective on grasses (R2=0.51), VWC and P in the first depth and EK and Mg in the second depth were effective on forbs ANPP (R2=0.61), Clay, VWC, Mg and POM in the second depth were effective on shrubs ANPP (R2=0.71) and pH in the first depth, Sand and POM in the second depth were effective on total ANPP (R2=0.76). According to the obtained models, ANPP changes can be predicted by soil variables. Also, based on the result, PFTs can be a suitable indicator for soil condition of rangeland. So, the results of the present study can be used to refine rangelands in this area and even to extend them to other areas.

المصادر:

Arzani, H., Abedi, M., 2015. Rangeland evaluation: Vegetation Measurement, Tehran University Publications, Tehran, Iran, 306 pp. (In Persian)

Assadi, M., Maassoumi, A.A., Khatamsaz, M., Mozaffarian, V., 1988-2008. Flora of Iran, Vols1-60, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications, Tehran. Iran. (In Persian).

Austin, A. T., Yahdjian, L., Stark, J. M., Belnap, J., Porporato, A., Norton, U., Ravetta, D. A., Schaeffer. S.M., 2004. Water pulses and biogeochemical cycles in arid and semiarid ecosystems. Oecologia, 141(2): 221-235.

Bednarek, R., Dziadowiek, H., Pokojsaka, H., 2005. Badania ekologiczno-gleboznawcze (soil ecological research). PWN, Warszawa, 256p.

Bengough, G. and Mullins, C. E., 1997. Mechanical impedance to root growth: a review of experimental techniques and root growth responses. Journal of Soil Science, 41: 341-358.

Boyda, E. D., Butler, J. L., Xu, L., 2015. Estimating herbaceous biomass of grassland vegetation using the Reference Unit Method. The Prairie Naturalist, 47: 73–83.

Cambardella, C. A. and Elliot, E. T., 1992. Particulate soil organic matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 56: 777-83.

Collins, C. D. and Foster, B.L., 2008. The role of topography and soil characteristics in the relationship between species richness and primary productivity in a Kansas grassland. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 111(1): 105-117.

Dadjou, F., Ghorbani. A., Moameri, M., Bidar loard, M., Hashemi Majd, K., 2017. The effect of the factors affecting production in the highlands of Hir and Neor using ground-based and remotely sensed methods. Journal of Rangeland, 12 (1): 73-88.

Dodd, M.B. and Lauenroth, W.K., 1997. The influence of soil texture on the soil water dynamics and vegetation structure of a short grasses steppe ecosystem. Plant Ecology, 133(1): 13–28.

Do Carmo Horta, M. and Torrent, J., 2007. The Olsen P method as an agronomic and environmental test for predicting phosphate release from acid soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 77(3): 283-292.              

Drewry, J. J., Cameron, K. C., Buchan, G. D., 2008. Pasture yield and soil physical property responses to soil compaction from treading and grazing - a review. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 46(3): 237-256.

Dunn, L.E., 1943. Lime requirement determination of soils by means of titration curves. Soil Science, 56: 341-351.

Easton, M.Z. and Bock, E., 2016. Soil and Soil Water Relationships. Produced by Communications and Marketing, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech.

Elfaki, J.T., Gafer, M.A., Sulieman, M.M., Ali, M.E., 2016. Hydrometer method against pipette method for estimating soil particle size distribution in some soil types selected from Central Sudan. International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology, 2(2): 25-41.‏

Elshorbagy, A., Corzo, G., Srinivasulu, S., Solomatine, D., 2009. Experimental investigation of the predictive capabilities of soft computing techniques in hydrology. Centre for Advanced Numerical Simulation (CANSIM), Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CANADA.

Fang, L., Hongqi, Z., Erqi, X., Lei, K., 2016. Responses of grassland net primary productivity to environmental variables in northern China. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 7(2): 92-100.‏

Fink, J.R., Inda, A.V., Tiecher, T., Barrón, V., 2016. Iron oxides and organic matter on soil phosphorus availability. Ciencia e Agrotecnologia, 40(4): 369-379.

Finzi, A. C., Raymer, P. C., Giasson, M. A., Orwig, D.A., 2014. Net primary production and soil respiration in New England hemlock forests affected by the hemlock woolly adelgid. Ecosphere, 5(8): 1-16.

Franzluebbers, A. J., Stuedemarm, J.A., Schomberg, H.H., Wilkinson, S.R., 2000. Soil C and N pools rmder long-term pasture management in the Southern Piedmont USA. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32: 469-478.

Ghafari, S., Ghorbani, A., Moameri, M., Mostafazadeh, R., Bidarlord, M., 2018. Composition and structure of species along altitude gradient in Moghan-Sabalan rangelands, Iran, Journal of Mountain Science, 15(6): 1209-1228. (In Persian)

Ghorbani, A., Mohammadi Moghaddam, S., Hashemi Majd, K., Dadgar, D., 2018. Spatial variation analysis of soil properties using spatial statistics: a case study in the region of Sabalan Mountain, Iran. Eco mont- (Journal of Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management), 10(1): 70-80. (In Persian)

Ghorbani, A., Sharifi,  J., Kavianpoor, A.H.,  Malekpour, B.,  Gheshlagh, F.M.A., 2013. Investigation on ecological characteristics of Festuca ovina L. in southeastern rangelands of Sabalan. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 20(2): 379–396. (In Persian)

Griffiths, R.P., Madritch, M.D., Swansona, A.K., 2009. The effects of topography on forest soil characteristics in the Oregon Cascade Mountains (USA): Implications for the effects of climate change on soil properties. Forest Ecology and Management, 257: 1-7.

Handayani, I. P., Coyne, M. S., Tokosh R. S., 2010. Soil organic matter fractions and aggregate distribution in response to tall fescue stands. Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications, 5(1): 1-10.

Hossein Jafari, S.,  Sepehry, A., Soltanloo, H.,  Karimian, A.A., 2019. Effect of Topography and Soil Properties on Distribution of Ferula pseudalliacea (Bitter Asafetida) in Yazd Province, Iran. Journal of rangeland science, 9(2): 184-195.

Huffmanet, E. L., MacDonald, L. H., Stednick, J. D., 2001. Strength and persistence of fire‐induced soil hydrophobicity under ponderosa and lodgepole pine, Colorado Front Range. Hydrological Processes, 15(15): 2877-2892.

Iturrate-Garcia, M., O’Brien, M. J., Khitun, O., Abiven, S. Niklaus, P. A., Schaepman-Strub, G., 2016. Interactive effects between plant functional types and soil factors on tundra species diversity and community composition. Ecology and Evolution, 6: 8126–8137.

Jackson, M. L., 2005. Soil chemical analysis: advanced course. UW-Madison Libraries Parallel Press.‏

Jafarzadeh, A.A., Mahdavi,  A., FallahShamsi, R.,  Yousefpour, R., 2019. Annual Water Yield Estimation for Different Land Uses by GIS-Based InVEST Model (Case Study: Mish-khas Catchment, Ilam Province, Iran). Journal of rangeland science, 9(1), 1-12.

Jager, H. I., Olson, R. J., Hargrove, W. W., Scurlock, J. M. O., Brandt, C. C., King, A. W., Rose, K. A., 2000. Constructive Contrasts Between Modeled and Measured Climate Responses Over a Regional Scale. Ecosystems, 3: 396-411.

Karlen, D.L., Mausbach, M.J., Doran, J.W., Cline, R. G., Harris, R. F., Schuman, G.E., 1997. Soil Quality: A Concept, Definition and Framework for Evaluation. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 61: 4-10.

Khalil, H.A., Hossain, M.S., Rosamah, E., Azli, N.A., Saddon, N., Davoudpoura, Y., Islam, M.N., Dungani, R., 2015. The role of soil properties and it’s interaction towards quality plant fiber: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 43: 1006-1015. (In Persian)

‏Kimaru, I. W., Corigliano, A. T., Zhao, F., 2018. Using Classical EDTA Titrations to Measure Calcium and Magnesium in Intravenous Fluid Bags. Journal of Chemical Education, 95(12): 2238-2242.‏

Li, C., Sun, H., Wu, X., Han, H., 2020. An approach for improving soil water content for modeling net primary production on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau using Biome-BGC model. Catena, 184: 104253.‏

‏Liang, W., Yang, Y., Fan, D., Guan, H., Zhang, T., Long, D., Zhou, Y., Bai, D., 2015. Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of net primary production and their climate controls in China from 1982 to 2010. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 204: 22-36.

Liu, L., Zhao, X., Chang, X., Lian J., 2016. Impact of Precipitation Fluctuation on Desert-Grassland ANPP. Sustainability, 8(12): 1245.

Mashkori, L., Ghorbani, A., Amirkhani, M., Khosravi, H., 2017. The Effects of Livestock Grazing on Biomass Variation and Reproduction of Festuca ovina L. and Alupecurus textilis Boiss. at the Rangelands of Alvares Ski Resort in Southeast of Sabalan Journal of Watershed Management Research, 115: 80-91. (In Persian)

Mirzaei Mossivand, A., Ghorbani, A., Keivan Behjou, F., 2017. Effects of some ecological factors on distribution of Prangos uloptera and Prangos pabularia in rangelands of Ardabil province, Iran, Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(4): 957-968. (In Persian)

Mourad, M., Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L., Chebbo, G., 2005. Calibration and validation of multiple regression models for storm water quality prediction: data partitioning, effect of dataset size and characteristics. Water Science and Technology, 52(3): 45-52  

Mugerwa, S., Mpairwe, D., Mutetikka, D., Kiwuwa, G., Zziwa, E., Owoyesigire, B., Peden, D., 2008. Effect of cattle manure and reseeding on pasture productivity. Paper presented in the Challenge Programme on Water and Food” workshop, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, November 10-15.

Nazari Anbaran, F., Ghorbani, A., Azimi Motem, F., Teymorzadeh, A., Asghari, A., Hashemi Majd, K., 2016. Floristic and species diversity in altitudinal gradient of Lahrod- Shabil (North Sabalan). Journal of Plant Ecosystem Conservation, 7: 1-18. (In Persian)

Newman, G.S. and Hart, S.C., 2015. Shifting soil resource limitations and ecosystem retrogression across a three million year semi-arid substrate age gradient. Biogeochemistry, 124 (1-3): 177-186.

Paz-Kagan, T., Shachak, M., Zaady, E., Karnieli, A., 2014. Evaluation of ecosystem responses to land-use change using soil quality and primary productivity in a semi-arid area, Israel. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 193: 9-24.‏

Pieper, R.D. and Beck, R. F., 1980. Importance of Forbs on Southwestern Ranges. Rangelands, 2(1): 35-36.

Pournemati, A., Ghorbani, A., Sharifi, J., Mirzaei Aghche Gheshlagh, F., Amirkhani, A., Ghodarzi, M., 2017. Study the effects of elevation, slope and aspect on life form forage production in Sabalan rangelands in Ardabil province. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 24(1): 110-125. (In Persian)

Read, J. J., Sistani, K. R., Brink, G. E., Oldham, J. L., 2007. Reduction of High Soil Test Phosphorus by Bermudagrasses and Ryegrasses–Bermudagrasses following the Cessation of Broiler Litter Applications. Agronomy Journal, 99(6):1492–1501.

Ren, X. C., Lai, Y. M., Zhang, F. Y., Hu, K., 2015. Test method for determination of optimum moisture content of soil and maximum dry density. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 19(7): 2061-2066.‏

Roper, W.R., Robarge, W.P., Osmond, D.L., Heitman, J.L., 2019. Comparing Four Methods of Measuring Soil Organic Matter in North Carolina Soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 83(2): 466-474.‏

Schilling, E.B. and Lockaby, B.G., 2006. Relationships between productivity and nutrient circulation within two contrasting southeastern US floodplain forests. Wetlands, 26(1): 181-192.

Sharafatmandrad, M., Sepehry, A., Barani, H., 2014. Plant Species and Functional Types’ Diversity in Relation to Grazing in Arid and Semi-arid Rangelands, Khabr National Park, Iran. Journal of rangeland science, 4(3): 203-2015. (In Persian).

Schjoerring, J. K., Cakmak, I., White, P. J., 2019. Plant nutrition and soil fertility: Synergies for acquiring global green growth and sustainable development.‏ Plant and Soil, 434:1–6

Silvertown, J., Poulton, P., Johnston, E., Edwards, G., Biss, P.M., 2006. The Park Grasses experiment 1856–2006: its contribution to ecology. Journal of Ecology, 94(4): 801–814.

Sharifi, J., Shahmoradi, A., Zandi Esfahan, E., Azimi Motem, F., Nouri, A., Mommadi, D., 2018. Vegetation Cover Dynamics in Semi-Steppe Rangelands of Ardabil Province, Iran. Journal in rangeland science, 8(1): 41-51. (In Persian)

Tateno, R. and Takeda, H., 2003. Forest structure and tree species distribution in relation to topography mediated heterogeneity of soil nitrogen and light at the forest floor. Ecological Research, 18: 559-571.

Tron, S., Bodner, G., Laio, F., Ridolfi, L., Leitner, D., 2015. Can diversity in root architecture explain plant water use efficiency? A modeling study. Ecological modelling, 312: 200-210.

Vavra, J. and Hromada, M., 2017. Determination of optimal cluster number in connection to SCADA. In Computer Science On-line Conference, 136-147.

Villalobos, F. J. and Fereres, E., 2016. Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture. Springer.

Wang, P., Limpens, J., Mommer, L., Ruijven, J., Nauta, A. L., Berendse, F., Heijmans, M. M., 2017. Above‐and below‐ground responses of four tundra plant functional types to deep soil heating and surface soil fertilization. Journal of Ecology, 105(4): 947-957.‏

Wang, P., Huang, K., Hu, S., 2020. Distinct fine‐root responses to precipitation changes in herbaceous and woody plants: a meta‐analysis. New Phytologist, 225(4): 1491-1499.‏

Walter, K., Don, A., Tiemeyer, B., Freibauer, A., 2016. Determining soil bulk density for carbon stock calculations: A Systematic Method Comparison. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 80(3): 579-591.

Ward, D., Kirkman, K., Tsvuura, Z., 2017. An African grassland responds similarly to long-term fertilization to the Park Grass experiment. PLoS ONE, 12(5): 1-21.

Wullschleger, S.D., Epstein, H. E., Box, E. O., Euskirchen, E. S., Goswami, S., Iversen, C. M., Kattge, J., Norby, R. J., Bodegom, P. M., Xu, X., 2014. Plant functional types in Earth system models: past experiences and future directions for application of dynamic vegetation models in high-latitude ecosystems. Annals of Botany, 114(1):1-16.

Yuan, W., Liu, S., Zhou, G., Zhou, G., Tieszen, L. L., Baldocchi, D., Bernhofer, C., Gholz, H., Goldstein, A.H., Goulden, M. L., Hollinger, D. Y., 2007. Deriving a light use efficiency model from eddy covariance flux data for predicting daily gross primary production across biomes. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 143(3-4): 189-207.

Zareii, A., Zare Chahooki, M. A., Jafari, M., Bagheri H., Alizadeh, E., 2010. Determine of soil properties Effected on plant propagation of Koohe Namak Rangeland in Goom province. Journal of Rangeland, 4(3), 412-421.