نقش واسطه ای مشکلات درونی سازی در رابطه ناگویی هیجانی و مشکلات برونی سازی
الموضوعات :هانیه لواف 1 , سعید قنبری 2 , امید شکری 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد مشاور خانواده
2 - استادیار دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3 - استادیار دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
الکلمات المفتاحية: ناگویی هیجانی, مشکلات درونی سازی, مشکلات برونی سازی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف این پژوهش آزمون دو مدل واسطهگری نسبی و کامل مشکلات درونیسازی بین ناگویی هیجانی و مشکلات برونیسازی در دختران نوجوان بود. به این منظور 297 دانشآموز دختر در مقطع دبیرستان از مناطق تهران به روش نمونهبرداری خوشهای انتخاب و با مقیاس ناگویی هیجانی تورنتو (بگبی، پارکر و تیلور، 1994) و مقیاس خودگزارشدهی مشکلات رفتاری کودک و نوجوان (آشنباخ، 1991) ارزیابی شدند. دادهها با استفاده از روش مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل واسطهگری کامل مشکلات درونیسازی در رابطة بین ناگویی خلقی با مشکلات برونیسازی با دادهها برازش مطلوب دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که رابطه ناگویی خلقی مشکلات درونیسازی و رابطه مشکلات درونیسازی و مشکلات برونیسازی مثبت معنادار بود. تفسیر این نتایج به این معناست که ناگویی هیجانی فقط در افرادی به مشکلات برونیسازی تبدیل میشود که در آنها مشکلاتی نظیر اضطراب، افسردگی، کنارهگیری و شکایتهای جسمانی پدید آورد.
بشارت، م. (1386). رابطه ابعاد شخصیت و ناگویی هیجانی. مجله روانشناسی معاصر، 2، 58- 50.
خاکباز، ح.، کرمی، ح.، شفیعآبادی، ع.، مالمیر، م. و فرهادی، م. (1392). بررسی رابطه افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس با ابراز پرخاشگری در افراد وابسته به مصرف مواد مخدر. مجله توانبخشی (ویژهنامه مطالعات اعتیاد)، 5، 31- 20.
فتاحینیا، م. (1388). مقایسه ویژگیهای شخصیتی، کمالگرایی و ناگویی هیجانی، پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد بالینی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.
کاکابرایی، ک.، حبیبی عسگرآباد، م. و فدایی، ز. (1387). هنجاریابی مقیاس مشکلات رفتاری آشنباخ: فرم خودگزارشگری 18-11 سال کودک و نوجوان بر روی دانشآموزان مقطع متوسطه. مجله پژوهش در سلامت روانشناختی، 4، 66- 50.
مینایی، ا. (1384). هنجاریابی نظام سنجش مبتنی بر تجربه آشنباخ. تهران: انتشارات سازمان آموزش و پرورش کودکان استثنایی.
Antonius, D. (2013). Assessing the heterogeneity of aggressive behavior traits: Exploratory and confir-matory analyses of the reactive and instrumental aggression personality assessment inventory. Vio-lence and Victims Journal 28(4), 587- 601.
Ates, M. A., Algul, A., Gulsun, M., Gecici, O., Ozdemir, B., & Basoglu, C. (2009). The rela-tionship between alexithymia, aggression and psychopathy in young adult males with antisocial personality disorder. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 46, 135-139.
Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school age : Form & profiles. Burlington, TV: University of Vermont.
Alpay, M., Ayhan, A., Murat, G. (2009). The Relationship Between Alexithymia, Aggression and psychopathy in young adult males with antisocial personality disorder, Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 46, 135-139.
Artacho, M. A. R., Milan, E. G., Perez, M., & Pereda, A. (2006). Executive dysfunction synd-rome in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Experi-mental Psycholog: Neuropsychology, 1-30.
Bagby, R. M., & Taylor, G. J. (2000). Affect dysregulation and alexithymia. In disorders of affect regulation: Alexithymia in medical and psychiatric illness. Cambridge: University Press. 2(4), 26-45.
Barratt, E. S. (1991). Measuring and predicting aggression within the context of a personality theory. Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 3, 35-39.
Bekker, M. H., Bachrach, N., & Croon, M. A. (2007). The relationships of antisocial behavior with attachment styles, autonomy-connectedness, and alexithymia. National Institutes of Health, 63(6), 507-27.
Belfon, K. (2012). Psychopathology of Youth in Custody and Detention: The Impact of Socialization of Emo-tion. University of Guelph.
Besharat, M. A. (2007). Reliability and factorial validity of Farsi Version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale with a sample of Iranian Students. Psychological Reports, 101, 209-220.
Besharat, M. A. (2009). Alexithymia and inter-personal problems. Studies in Education and Psychology, 11 (2), 5-129.
Copeland, W. E., Shanahan, L., Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. (2009). Childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders as predictors of young adult disorders.Archives of General Psychiatry, 66, 764 -772.
Culhane, S. E., & Watson, P. J. (2003). Alexithymia, irrational beliefs, and the rational emotive explanation of emotional disturbance. Journal of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavior Therapy, 21, 57-73.
De Rick, A., & Vanheule, S. (2007) . Alexithymia and DSM-IV personality disorder traits in alcoholic inpatients: A study of the relation between both constructs. Personality and Individual Differencesو 43, 119-29.
Dubey, A., Panndey, R., & Mishra, K. (2010). Role of emotion regulation difficulties and positive/ negative affectivity in explaining alexithymia-health relation-ship an overview. Indian Journal of Social science Research, 7, 20-31.
De Gucht, V., Fischler, B., & Heiser, W. (2004). Neuroticism, Alexithymia, Negative Affect, and positive affect as determinants of medically unexplained symptoms. Personality and Indi-vidual Differences, 36, 1655-1667.
Englund, M., & Siebenbruner. J. (2012). Deve-lopmental pathways linking externalizing symptom, and academic competence to adolescent substance use. Journal of Adolescence, 5, 1-18.
Englund, M. M., Egeland, B., Oliva, E. M., & Collins, W. A. (2008). Childhood and adolescent predictors of heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders in early drinking and alcohol use disorders in early adulthood: A longitudinal development analysis. Addiction, 103, 23-35.
Ossati, A., Acquarini, E., Feeney, J. A., Borroni, S., Grazioli, F., & Giarolli, L. E. (2009). Alexithymia and attachment insecurities in impulsive aggression. Attachment and Human Development, 11, 165-182.
Ghasemi, S. (2010). Popular music consumption and aggression among students; case study: Students of the University of Isfahan. Iranian Journal of Cultural Research, 2(4), 273- 262
Gilliom, M., & Shaw, D. S. (2004). Codevelopment of externalizing and internalizing problems in early childhood. Development and Psychopatho-logy, 16(2), 313-333.
Griffith-Lendering, M. F. H., Huijbrets, S. C. J., Mooijaart, A., & Vollenbergh, W. A.(2011) . Cannabis use Drug and Alcohol Dependence and development of externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems in early adolescence, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 116, 11- 17
Heydari pahlavian, A., Mahboob, H., & Rahimi, A. (2012). Comparison the Prevalence Mental Disorders In people with Drug dependent or independent in Hamedan city (Persian). Scientific Journal of medical Science, 18(3), 22-28.
Jongen, P. J., Wesnes, K., Geel, B., Pop, P., Schrijver, H., Vissedr, L. H., JacobusGilhuis, H., Sinnige, L. G., & Brands, A. M. (2015). Does self-efficacy affect cognitive performance inpersons with clinically isolated syndrome and early relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis? Journal of multiple sclerosis intenational. 2015 (2015), 1-8.
Korhonen, K., Latvala, A., Dick, M. D., Pulkkinen, L., Rose, R. J., Kaprio, J., & Huizink, A. C. (2012). Genetic and environmental influences underlying externalizing behaviors, cigarette smoking and illicit drug use across adolescence. Behavior Geneties, 42(6), 614-625.
Levant, R.F., Hall, R.J., Williams, C.M., Nadia, T., & Hasan, N.T. (2009). Gender differences in alexithymia. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 103, 190 -203.
Lake, S. L., & Stanford, M. S. (2011). Comparison of impulsive and premeditated female perpet-rators of intimate partner violence. Partner Abuse, 2, 284-299.
Mc clintock, S. M. (2005). Relationship of inter-nalizing behavior problems to intelligence and executive functioning in children. Master of science, The University of Texas.
Marchant, M. R., Solano, B. R., Fisher, A. K., Caldarella, P., Young, K. R., & Renshaw, T. L. (2007). Modifying socially with drawn behavior: A playground intervention for students with_ internalizing behaviors. Psychology in the Schools, 44 (8), 779 - 794.
Marchesi, C., Brusamonti, E., & Maggini, C. (2000). Are alexithymia, depression, and anxiety distinct constructs in affective disorders? Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 43-49.
Masten, A. S., Roisman, G. I., Long, J. D., Burt, K. B., Obradovic, J., & Riley, J. R. (2005). Tellegen, A. Developmental cascades: Linking academic achievement and externalizing and internalizing symptoms over 20 Years. Developmental Psycho-logy, 41, 733-746.
Motan, I., & Gencoz, T. (2007). The relationship between the dimensions of alexithymia and the intensity of depression and anxiety. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 18(4), 333- 43.
Murray, R. L., Chermack, S. T., Walton, M. A., Winters, J., Booth, B. M., & Blow, F. C. (2008). Psychological aggression, physical aggression, and injury in non-partner relationships among men and women in substance use alcohol and drugs. Journal of Studies on Treatment, 69, 896-905.
Overbeek, G., Biesecker, G., Kerr, M., Stattin, H., Meeus, W., & Engels, R. (2006). Co occurrence of depressive moods and delinquency in early adole-scence: The role of failure expectations, mani-pulativeness, and social contexts. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 50, 433-443.
Patterson, G. R., & Capaldi, D. M. (1990). A mediational model for boys’ depressed mood. In J. E. Rolf, & A. S. Masten (Eds.), Risk and protective factors in the development of psycho-pathology (pp.141-163). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Parker, J., Taylor, G. J., & Bagby, R.M. (2003). The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale III. Reliability and factorial validity in a community population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 55, 69- 275.
Picardi, A., Toni, A., & Carropo, E. (2009). Stability of alexithymia and its relationship with the big five factors temperament, character, and attachment style. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Journal Abbre-viation: Psychother Psychosom, 74(5), 371-378
Rieffe, C., Oostervelda, P., & Terwogt, M. (2011). Relationship between alexithymia, mood and inter-nalizing symptoms in children and young adole-scents: Evidence from an Iranian sample. Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 425-430
Rieffe, C., Oosterveld, P., & Meerum Terwogt, M. (2006). An alexithymia questionnaire for children: Factorial and concurrent validation results. Per-sonality and Individual Differences, 40, 123-133.
Reef, J., Diamantopoulou, S., Meurs, I., Verhulst, F., & Ende, J. (2010). Predicting adult emotional and behavioral problems from externalizing problem trajectories in a 24-year longitudinal study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19, 577-585.
Richards, H. L., Fortune, D. G., Griffiths, C. E. M., & Main, C. J. (2005). Alexithymia in patients with psoriasis: Clinical correlates and psychometric properties of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58, 89-96.
Saarijarvi, S., Salminen, J. K., & Toikka, T. B. (2001). Alexithymia and Depression: A 1-year Follow-up Study in Outpatients with Major Depression. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51, 729 -733.
Salminen, J. K., Saarijarvi, S., Toikka, T., Kauhanen, J., & Aarela, E. (2006). Alexithymia behaves as a personality trait over a 5-year period in finish general population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 61, 275-278.
Sherer, M., & Maddux, J. E. (1982). The self-efficaty scale: construction and validation. Jouranl of psychological report. 51, 663-671.
Stafford, E., & Cornell, D. G. (2003). Psychopathy scores predict adolescent inpatient aggression. Assessment, 10(1), 102-112.
Suslow, T., & Junghanns, K. (2002). Impairments of emotion situation priming in alexithymia. Per-sonality and Individual Differences, 32, 541-550.
Sutton, Amy M. (2007). Executive function in presence of sleep disordered breathing. Georgia State University. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/ cps_diss/ 2014/12/20.
Webster-Stratton, C. H., & Reid, M. J. (2011). Combining parent and child training for young children with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child, 40(2), 191-203. .
Yi, J. Y., Luo, Y. Z., & Zhong, M. T. (2007). Characteristics of affective priming effect in alexithymia. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 21(5), 302-306
_||_