رابطه بین سبک‌های دلبستگی و صمیمیت والدین با افسردگی کودک: نقش واسطه‌ای حرمت خود

الموضوعات :

دنیا نوروزی ¹ ( کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب )
مهرناز احمدی ² ( استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب )

تاريخ الإرسال : 14 الإثنين , ربيع الأول, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 14 الإثنين , ربيع الأول, 1444 تاريخ الإصدار : 18 الإثنين , شعبان, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: سبک های دلبستگی, حرمت خود, افسردگی کودک, صمیمیت والدین,

ملخص المقالة :

هـدف ایـن پژوهـش بررسـی نقـش واسـطه‌ای حرمـت خـود در رابطـه بیـن سـبک‌های دلبسـتگی و صمیمیـت والدیـن بـا افسـردگی کـودک بــود. شــرکت‌کنندگان شــامل ۲۰۵ دانش آمــوز دختــر پایه‌هــای تحصیلــی ســوم تــا ششــم دبســتان‌های منطقــه ۹ شــهر تهــران در ســال تحصیلــی ۱۳۹۸-۱۳۹۷بودنـد کـه بـا روش نمونه‌بـرداری دردسـترس انتخـاب شـدند و بـه سـیاهه افسـردگی کـودکان (کواکـس، ۱۹۹۲)، پرسشـنامه طبقه‌بنـدی سـبک‌های دلبسـتگی (فینـزی- دوتـان، کوهـن، ایوانیـچ، سـاپییر و ویزمـن، ۲۰۰۶)، پرسشـنامه پذیـرش و طـرد والدیـن (روهنـر، ۲۰۰۷) و سـیاهه فرهنـگ نابسـته حرمـت خـود (باتـل، ۲۰۰۲) پاسـخ دادنـد. نتایـج آزمـون همبسـتگی پیرسـون نشـان داد بیـن افسـردگی بـا حرمـت خـود، دلبسـتگی ایمـن و صمیمیـت والدیـن رابطـه مثبـت و بـا سـبک های دلبسـتگی اجتنابـی و دوسـوگرا/اضطرابی رابطـه منفـی وجـود دارد. افـزون بـر آن، حرمـت خـود نیـز بـا دلبسـتگی ایمـن و صمیمیـت والدیـن رابطـه مثبـت و بـا سـبک‌های دلبسـتگی اجتنابـی و دوسـوگرا/اضطرابی رابطـه منفـی معنـادار دارد. نتایـج نشـان داد حرمـت خـود در رابطـه دلبسـتگی (ایمـن و اجتنابـی) و صمیمیـت والدیـن بـا افسـردگی نقـش واسـطه‌ای دارد. بـر همیـن اسـاس، سـبک‌های دلبسـتگی و صمیمیـت والدیـن ۲۵ درصـد از واریانـس حرمـت‌خـود و افسـردگی ۵۲ درصـد از واریانـس دلبسـتگی، صمیمیـت والدیـن و حرمـت خـود کـودکان را تبییـن می‌کنـد. درمجمـوع نتایـج نشـان می‌دهـد کـه بـا بـالا بـردن مهارت‌هـای والدگـری و افزایـش سـطوح حرمـت‌خـود در کـودکان بـا سـبک‌های دلبسـتگی اجتنابـی می‌تـوان از بـروز نشـانه‌های افسـردگی در آنهـا پیشـگیری کـرد.

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