تهیه و شناسایی نانوذره های نیکل اکسید به عنوان کاتالیست ‏برای واکنش‌های آلدول نامتقارن ‏

الموضوعات :

الما هاشم زاده ¹ , فریبا تدین ² , مژگان الهیاری ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده شیمی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ‏تهران، ایران.‏
2 - دانشیار دانشکده شیمی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ‏ایران.‏
3 - استادیار مجتمع تحقیقات و تولید، انستیتو پاستور ایران، کرج، ایران.‏

تاريخ الإرسال : 30 الثلاثاء , ربيع الثاني, 1445 تاريخ التأكيد : 11 الأحد , ذو القعدة, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 06 الإثنين , ذو الحجة, 1446

الکلمات المفتاحية: واکنش آلدول, کاتالیست ناهمگن, نانوذره¬های نیکل اکسید, طراحی مرکب ‏مرکزی.‏,

ملخص المقالة :

واکنش‏های تراکم آلدول ترکیب­های بتا-‌هیدروکسی‌کربونیل فعال نوری را تولید می‏کند که به­طورگسترده برای تولید واسطه‏های داروهای پادفشارخون و پادکنشگرهای کلسیم استفاده می‏شوند. در مطالعه حاضر، نانوذره­های نیکل اکسید به­عنوان یک کاتالیست کارآمد با روش سل-ژل برای واکنش آلدول سنتز شد. مشخصه­یابی کاتالیست تهیه شده با میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی گسیل میدانی (FESEM)، میکروسکوپ الکترونی عبوری (TEM) و پراش پرتو ایکس (XRD) انجام گرفت. کارایی کاتالیستی نانوذره­های نیکل اکسید در واکنش آلدول با یک روش سازگار با محیط‌زیست بررسی شد. بدین ترتیب که از نانوذره­های حاوی مرکز NiO به­عنوان اسید لوئیس در واکنش‌های آلدول نامتقارن، استفاده شد و مشخص شد بازده فراورده­های آلدول مربوط، به مقدار چشمگیری افزایش می‏یابد. همچنین، کاتالیست موردنظر را با تخلیه مغناطیسی می‏توان بازیافت کرد و از آن در واکنش‏های متوالی بدون از دست‌دادن کارایی قابل‌توجه استفاده کرد. حلال‏های متفاوت ارزیابی شدند که از میان آن­ها، آب در دمای محیط بهترین بازده واکنش (۸۲ درصد) را نسبت به سایر حلال‏های آلی داشت. روش سطح‌پاسخ برپایه طراحی مرکب مرکزی برای بهینه­سازی عامل‌های تجربی واکنش آلدول و همچنین، بررسی برهم­کنش بین عامل‌ها به‌کارگرفته شد. بررسی‏ نتیجه­ها نشان داد در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس، مقدار کاتالیست 30 میلی­مول و زمان تماس ۵ ساعت، بالاترین کارایی (مقدار واقعی: ۸۱ درصد، مقدار پیش‏بینی شده: ۹۴_/۸۰ درصد) به­دست آمد. در مقایسه با سایر مطالعه­ها، نانوذره­های نیکل اکسید با آب به­­عنوان یک حلال دوست­دار محیطزیست در زمان کوتاه‏تری توانستند هیدروکسی‌کتون‏‏هایی با بازده بالا تولید کنند.   

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