Learning Organization Model in Agricultural Cooperatives of Iran: A Two-Step Approach to SEM Based on DLOQ

الموضوعات :

اله کیانی ¹ (Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran)
Azadeh Noorollah Noorivandi ² (Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran)
Ahmadreza Ommani ³ (Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran)
طهماسب مقصودی ⁴ (Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran)

تاريخ الإرسال : 18 السبت , صفر, 1443 تاريخ التأكيد : 14 الإثنين , ذو القعدة, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 16 الجمعة , صفر, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: Learning Organization, Agricultural Cooperatives, structural equation modeling, DLOQ,

ملخص المقالة :

The purpose of this study was to design a learning organization model for Agricultural Cooperatives (ACs) in Iran. To conduct this study, a survey research method was employed, with stratified random sampling as the chosen sampling method. The primary tool used in the research was the Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ), a standard assessment questionnaire for evaluating learning organizations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to analyze the collected data. A two-step approach to SEM was used to assess the measurement model and design the structural model. The results revealed that the status of cooperative organizations in Iran did not align with the indicators of a learning organization (LO) and highlighted the need for a model to facilitate the adaptation of cooperatives towards becoming learning organizations. The proposed model identified the most critical dimensions of LO compatibility with cooperatives and the factors influencing them. Cooperative stakeholders can utilize this model to guide their adaptation towards becoming learning organizations in their respective fields of work. This research contributes to the existing literature by offering a model that is tailored to the unique context of cooperatives aiming to become learning organizations.

المصادر:

Antunes, H.J.G and Pinheiro, P.G. (2020). Linking knowledge management, organizational learning, and memory. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 5(2), 140-149

Baby, G. (2016). Transformational Leadership and Learning Organization - a Study with Special Reference to the Organizational Leadership in Kerala. Thesis Submitted to Cochin University of Science and Technology for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Faculty of Social Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Balland, P., Broekel, T., Diodato, D., Giuliani, E., Hausmann, R., O'Clery, N and Rigby, D. (2022). The new paradigm of economic complexity. Research Policy, 51(3), 104450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104450.

Caldwell, R. (2012). Leadership and Learning: A Critical Reexamination of Senge’s Learning Organization. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 25, 39–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-011-9201-0

Celik, A., Akyazi, T.E and Akgemci, T. (2016). The Relationship between Shared Vision and Organizational Climate in Learning Organizations: A Study in the Banking Sector, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6, (2), 197-210.

Chai, D.S. and Dirani, K. (2018). The dimensions of the learning organization questionnaire (DLOQ): A validation study in the Lebanese context", The Learning Organization, 25 (5), 320-330. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2016-0017

Durst, S and Zieba, M. (2020). Knowledge risks are inherent in business sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251,1-10.

EGE, T., ESEN, A and Dizdar, O. (2017). Organizational learning and learning organizations: an integrative framework. Journal of Management Economics and Business, 13, (2),439-460.

Expósito-Langa, M., Molina-Morales, F. X and Tomás-Miquel, J.V. (2015). How shared vision moderates the effects of absorptive capacity and networking on clustered firms. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 31 (3), 293-302.

Farrukh, M, and Waheed, A. (2015). Learning Organization and Competitive Advantage-An Integrated Approach, Journal of Asian Business Strategy, 5(4), 73-79.

Fitzpatrick, J.J., Rivera, R.R., Walsh, L, and Byers, O.M. (2019). Narrative Nursing: Inspiring a Shared Vision among Clinical Nurses. Nurse Leader, 7 (2), 131-134.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18 (1), 39-45.

Garcia-Morales, V.J., Liorens-Montes, F. J and Verdu-Jover, A. J. (2007). Influence of personal mastery on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation in large firms and SMEs, Technovation, 27, 547–568.

Ghazali, M. F.M, Kassim, M.A., Khalib, M. L. H., Nurjufri Jaafar, M and Idris, M. A. (2015).  Conceptualizing of Learning Organization Toward Sustaining Learning Organization Performance, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5 (1), 147-154.

Gheorghe, C.M., Purcărea, V.L., Gheorghe, I.R and Popa-Velea, O. (2018). Investigating the dimensions of learning organizations questionnaire (DLOQ) in a Romanian private ophthalmology organization, Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology, 62 (4), 288-295.

Goh, S. C. (1998). Toward a learning organization: The strategic building blocks. S.A.M. AdvancedManagement Journal, 63(2), 15–20.

 Grohs, J. R., Kirk, G.R., Soledad, M.M and Knight, D. B. (2018). Assessing systems thinking: A tool to measure complex reasoning through ill-structured problems, Thinking Skills and Creativity, 28, 110-130.

Hair, J. F., Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Andersen, R. E.,(2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, Nj: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Harms, R. (2015). Self-regulated learning, team learning and project performance in entrepreneurship education: Learning in a lean startup environment. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 100, 21-28.

Harris, A and Jones, M. (2018). Leading schools as learning organizations, Journal School Leadership & Management , 38(4), 351-354.

Heydari, F., NaderiMahdei, K., Yaeghoubi Farani, A., Heydari, A. (2015). Identifying Successful Indicators for Agricultural Cooperatives. Co-Operation and Agriculture, 4(14), 39-60.

Husseina, N., Mohamadb, A., Noordina, F and Ishakb, N.A. (2014). Learning Organization and its Effect on Organizational Performance and Organizational Innovativeness: A Proposed Framework for Malaysian Public Institutions of Higher Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 130 , 299 – 304.

Jensen, D. (2017). The Learning Organization: A Strategic Approach to Today’s Global Business Environment, The Journal of International Management Studies, 12(1), 55-66.

Khunsoonthornkit, A and Panjakajornsak, V. (2018). Structural equation model to assess the impact of learning organization and commitment on the performance of research organizations. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 39(3) 457-462.

Kim, K. (2021), "A measure of adaptive performance and the DLOQ", The Learning Organization, 28 (4), 397-412. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2020-0047

Kools, K., Stoll, L., George, B., Steijn, B., Bekkers, V and Gouëdard, P. (2020). The school as a learning organization: The concept and its measurement. European Journal of Education, 5:24–42. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DOI: 10.1111/ejed.12383.

Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W., (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.

Liao, S., Chang, W and Wu, C. (2010). An integrated model for learning organization with strategic view: Benchmarking in the knowledge-intensive industry, Expert Systems with Applications, 37, 3792–3798.

Lien, B. Y., Hung, R. Y., Yang, B., & Li, M. (2006). Is the learning organization a valid conceptin the Taiwanese context? International Journal of Manpower, 27(2), 189–203

Mets, T and Torokoff, M. (2007). Patterns of Learning Organization in Estonian Companies. Trames Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(2), 139–154.

Mostafavi, S., Mohammadzadeh, M. (2012). An Analysis of the Application of Learning Organization Components in Jahad-e- Keshavarzi Organization in Khorasan-e-Razavi Province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 43(1), 63-76.

Nunnally, J.C., & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill

Odor, H.O. (2018). A Literature Review on Organizational Learning and Learning Organizations. International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 7(1), 1-6. doi: 10.4172/2162- 6359.1000494

OECD. (2016). What makes a school a learning organization? OECD, https://www.oecd.org/education/school/school-learning-organisation.pdf

Ommani, A. (2015). Regression Analysis of Innovation Management in Processing and Complementary Industries of Livestock Products. International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development, 5(3), 179-185.

Panagiotopoulos, G., Zogopoulos, C and Karanikola, Z. (2018). The Learning Organization According To Senge: Recording and Validation of the Park Research Tool in Primary Education Schools in the Prefecture Of Ilia. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(5), 1-19.

Park, J.H. (2008).Validation of Senge’s Learning Organization Model with Teachers of Vocational High Schools at the Seoul Megalopolis. Asia Pacific Education Review, 9(3), 270-284.

Pedler, M., & Burgoyne, J. (2017). Is the learning organisation still alive? The Learning Organization, 24, 119– 126. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO‐12‐2016‐0087

Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J., & Boydell, T. (1991). The learning company: A strategy for sustainable development. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Phillips, B. T. (2003). A four-level learning organization benchmark implementation model. The Learning Organization, 10(2), 98-105

Retna, K. (2011). The relevance of personal mastery to leadership: The case of school principals in Singapore. School Leadership and Management, 31(5), 451-470.

Sachan, S., Aroura, S and Pandey, S. (2016).  Concept of Learning Organization: Facilitators and Flow of Learning. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 6 (2),42-47.

Schiuma, G., Carlucci, D and Sole, F. (2012). Applying a systems thinking framework to assess knowledge assets dynamics for business performance improvement, Expert Systems with Applications, 39(9), 8044-8050.

Senge, P. M. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. New York: Doubleday-Currency.

Senge, P. M. (1992). Building learning organizations. Journal for Quality and Participation, 15(2), 30–38.

Serrat O. (2017) Building a Learning Organization. In: Knowledge Solutions. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0983-9_11

Serrat, O. (2009). Building a Learning Organization. Asian Development Bank. http://www.wageningenportals.nl/sites/default/files/resource/adb_2009_05_adb_ks_building_a_learning_organization.pdf

Serrat, O. (2017). Knowledge Solutions Tools, Methods, and Approaches to Drive Organizational Performance. Asian Development Bank, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0983-9. http://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/28041/1001955.pdf?sequence=1

Song, J. H., Joo, B and Chermack, T.J. (2009). The Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire(DLOQ): A Validation Study in a Korean Context. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 20(1), 43-64.

Stevens, J. (2019). The Prevalence of Peter Senge 'S Five Disciplines of a Learning Organization in a Rural High School's Professional Development. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Education. Hamline University.

Sudharatna, Y and Li,             L. (2004). Learning organization characteristics contributed to its readiness-to-change. Managing global transitions, 2 (2), 163-178.

Terziovski, M and Guerrero, J. (2014). ISO 9000 quality system certification and its impact on product and process innovation performance, International Journal of Production Economics, 158, 197-207.

Thepthepa, N and Mitsufuji, T. (2016). Knowledge Process and Learning Organization Development in Science Museums. Procedia Computer Science, 99, 157-170.

Timmermans, O., Van Linge, R., Van Petegem, P.,  Van Rompaey, B and Denekens, J. (2012). Team learning and innovation in nursing, a review of the literature, Nurse Education Today, 32(1), 65-70.

Varamini, N., rezvanfar, A., Movahed Mohammadi, H., Pishbin, S. (2020). The Impact of Group Learning on the Application of Innovation in Agricultural Cooperatives (Case Study: Agricultural Cooperatives of Tehran Province). Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 12(52), 94-117.

Watkins, K. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1997). Dimensions of the learning organization. Warwick, RI: Partners for the Learning Organization.

Whitbeck, B.A. (2014). Strengths in Action: Implementing a Learning Organization Model in a Human Service Setting. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Work and Social Research, Portland State University.

Wijnia, L., Kunst, E. M., Woerkom, M and Poella, R. F. (2016). Team learning and its association with the implementation of competency-based education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 56, 115-126.

Yang, B., Watkins, K. E and Marsick, V.J. (2004). The Construct of the Learning Organization: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15(1), 31-55.

Yaslioglu, M.M., Sap, O and Toplu, D. (2014). An Investigation of the Characteristics of Learning Organizations in Turkish Companies: Scale Validation, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150,726 – 734.

Zhang, D., Zhang, Z., & Yang, B. (2004). Learning organization in mainland China: Empirical research on its application to Chinese state-owned enterprises. International Journal of Training and Development, 8(4), 258–273.