Factors Affecting Revenue Share of Iranian Tomato Paste Exporting Companies
الموضوعات :
سید احسان ظهوری
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصادکشاورزی ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران)
امیر محمدی نژاد
2
(استادیار گروه اقتصادکشاورزی ،واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران)
رضا مقدسی
3
(دانشیار گروه اقتصادکشاورزی ،واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: gravity model, tomato-paste export, fractional values,
ملخص المقالة :
his study aimed to investigate factors affecting the revenue share of Iranian tomato paste exporting companies. Flexible estimation method was used on a two-dimensional panel data set including 224 observations from 14 tomato paste manufacturing and exporting companies and 16 importing countries during 2005-12. Results showed that value added per employee in manufacturing or exporting companies, and dummy variables (common border, religion and number of documents needed to import) had positive effect on the revenue share of a given company. The import tariff rates of selected countries and distance had a negative effect on the export revenue share of all companies. Accordingly, programmers and policy makers should provide background information about the productivity of labor force in these companies via researching, developing, and promoting production technologies, which will increase the exporting revenue share of this product. Furthermore, by making bilateral and multilateral contracts and agreements, the tariff rates can be reduced to increase the revenue share of the tomato paste export.
Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Department of South Africa (2016). A Profile of the South African Sugar Market Value Chain. Directorate Marketing. PP: 30-58. Retrieved from: www.daff.gov.za
Azarinfar, B. & Torkamani, J. (2005). Analysis of the pistachio and date demand of Iran to different countries. Paper presented at Fifth Biennial Conference on Agriculture Economics of Iran. Held on Feb 29-31, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
Bacchetta, M., Beverelli, C., Cadot, O., Fugazza,M ,Grether, J. M., Helble, M. Nicita, A., & Bowen, H.P., Hollander, A., &Viaene, J.M. (2012). Applied international trade (2ndEd.). Palgrave Macmillan Press, United Kingdom.
Cyrus,T.L. (2002). Income in the gravity model of bilateral trade: Does endogeneity matter? The International Trade Journal, 16 (2), 164-165.
Data of Trade Promotion Organization of Iran (2015). Information of Registered Food Industry Companies. Statistics and Information Department of Promotion Organization. Tehran, Iran.
Delehanty, P. (2015). Small Businesses Key Players in International Trade. Issue Brief, No.11.PP:1-4. Retrieved from: https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/advocacy/Issue-Brief-11-Small-Biz- Key-Players-International-Trade.pdf
Directorate marketing (2012) Department of Agricultural Foresty and Fisheries of South Africa A Profile of The South African Sugar Market Value Chain., PP:30-58. Retrieved from: https://www.nda.agric.za/doaDev/sideMenu/Marketing/AnnualPublications/Commodity Profiles /field crops/Sugar Market Value Chain Profile 2016.pdf
FAOSTAT (2014). Detailed trade matrix. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Available on:http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/TM. retrieved date: 2014/03/06
Frankel, J., Stein, E., &Wei, S.J. (1995). Trading Blocs and the Americas: The Natural, the Unnatural, and the Super-Natural. Journal of Development Economics, 47(1), 61-95.
Hosseini, M., & Permeh, G. (2009). Tariff and non-tariff barriers to exports of saffron. Iran. Commercial analyses. Journal of Trade Studies, 35, 14-25.
Jaleh,Rajabi, M., Moghadasi, R.,& Mohammadi-Nejad, A. (2014). Comparing cost and sources of Iran’s bilateral trade growth with main partners (Case of: Agricultural, non-agricultural and total commodities). Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, 21, 45 -66.
Market Analysis Tools Account (2015). International Trade Center: Market access Map. Retrieved from https://mas-admintools.intracen.org. Accessed on Feb 2015.
Martınez-Zarzoso, I. (2013). The log of gravity revisited. Applied Economics, 45, 311–327.
Martinez-Zarzoso, I., & Nowak-Lehmann, F. (2003). Augmented gravity model: An empirical application to Mercosur-European union trade flows. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(2), 291-316.
Moghadasi, R., & Rahimi, R. (2011). The effect of free trade agreements on bilateral trade (Agriculturein Eco countries). Journal of Economics, 5 (17)10-19.
Mousavi, M. (2017). Iran Losing Iraqi Market to Rivals. Financial Tribune. Domestic EconomyTuesday, September 12. Retrieved from: https://financialtribune.com/articles/domesticeconomy/72200/iran-losing-iraqi-market-to-rivals.
Novy. D. (2012). Gravity Redux: Measuring international trade costs with Panel Data. CEPDiscussion Paper, No. 1114, 1-27.
Papke, L.E., &Wooldridge, J.M. (1996). Econometric methods for fractional response variables with an application to 401(k) plan participation rates. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 11, 619–632.
Piermartini, R. (2012). A practical guide to trade policy analysis. World Trade Organization Publications, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/wto_unctad12_e.pdf
Ramalho, E. A., & Ramalho, J.J.S. (2011). Alternative estimating and testing empirical strategies for fractional regression models. Journal of Economic Surveys, 25(1), 19–68.
Santos Silva, J. M. C., & Tenreyro, S. (2006). The log of gravity, review of economics and statistics. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88, 641-658.
Santos Silva. J.M.C., Tenreyro, S., &Wei, K. (2014). Estimating the extensive margin of trade. Journal of International Economics, 93, 67-69.
The Islamic Republic of Iran Customs Administration (2014). Annual Export Data. Retrieved from http://www.irica.gov.ir/web_directory/55334. Accessed on March 2015.
Tinbergen, J. (1962). The world economy. Suggestions for an International Economic Policy (New York: Twentieth Century Fund,). American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 46 (1), 271–273.
World Bank (2015). Documents to import (number), Available on: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.IMP.DOCS?page=1 retrieved date: (2015/04/11)
Xiong, B., Beghi, J., & Marette, S. (2013). Gains to French champagne makers from tariff liberalization. Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s AAEA& CAES Joint Annual Meeting (August 4-6), Washington, DC, Pp.4-19.
Zaki, Ch. (2008). Does trade facilitation matter in bilateral trade? IDEAS/RePEcsearch.Version2008.6-7.Retrieved from https://www.parisschoolofeconomics.eu/IMG/pdf/JobMarket-1paper-ZAKI-PSE.
