Turf Quality Characteristics of Crested Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum(L.) Gaertner.) Specimens Native to Iran
الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان زینتیHassan Bayat 1 , Hossein Nemati 2 , Ali Tehranifar 3 , Ali Gazanchian 4
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,
Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,
Iran
3 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,
Iran
4 - Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorassan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Cluster analysis, Correlation, Low-maintenance, Mowing quality, Native grass,
ملخص المقالة :
Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner.) is a potentialsource of low-maintenance turf species for use in areas with less water. Themain goal of this study was to evaluate turf quality characteristics of 24crested wheatgrass specimens collected from different locations of Iran aslow-maintenance turfgrass. The experimental design was a randomizedcomplete block design with 3 replications. The results showed significantvariation among specimens for turf quality and turf quality components andthere were 15 specimens with an average turf quality rating of 6.0 or higher,indicating adequate quality performance. Mowing quality were higher than 6for all specimens and ranging from 6.30 (210 M) to 7.28 (4049). Habitats ofsamples varied in performance for all traits and different geographical regionsmay offer germplasm with high turf quality performance. There were significantpositive correlation between turf quality and mowing quality (r = 71**) andalso turf quality and tillering (r = 57**). Based on the results of clusteranalysis, the specimens were assigned to 3 clusters and the single specimenfrom cluster 2 had the highest ratings for turf quality (7.95), mowing quality(7.28), color (7.27) and leaf texture (7.10). These results indicated that crestedwheatgrass specimens native to Iran could be an important resource for use aslow-maintenance turfgrass.
Asay, K.H. and Jensen, K.B. 1996. The wheatgrasses, p. 691-724. In: Moser LE, (Eds.). Cool-season
grasses. Agron Monorg. 34. ASA, Madison, WI.
Asay, K.H., Jensen, K.B., Horton, W.H., Johnson, D.A., Chatterton, N.J. and Young, S.A. 1999. Registration
of ‘Road Crest’ crested wheatgrass. Crop Science, 39: 1535.
Bayuelo-Jimenez, J.S., Craig, R. and Lynch, J.P. 2002. Salinity tolerance of Phaseolus species during
germination and early seedling growth. Crop Science, 42: 1584-1594.
Bushman, B.S., Waldron, B.L., Robins, J.G. and Jensen, K.B. 2007. Color and shoot regrowth of turf-type
crested wheatgrass managed under deficit irrigation. Online Applied Turfgrass Science <http:
//www.plantmanagement network. org/ sub/ ATS/ research/2007/seeding>.
Clark, M.D. and Watkins, E. 2010. Turfgrass characteristics of prairie junegrass germplasm accessions.
Crop Science, 50: 2092-2102.
Cook, D.W. 2000. Evaluation of crested wheatgrass for low-maintenance turf. Utah State University,
Logan, UT, M.S. Thesis.
Dernoeden, P.D., Carroll, M.J. and Krouse, J.M. 1994. Mowing of three fescue species for low-management
turf sites. Crop Science, 34: 1645-1649.
Dewey, D.R. and Asay, K.H. 1975. The crested wheatgrasses of Iran. Crop Science, 15: 844.
Feldhake, C.M., Danielson, R.E. and Butler, J.D. 1983. Turfgrass ET. I. Factors influencing rate in urban
environments. Agronomy Journal, 75: 824-830.
Garcia, E.H., Pena-Valdivia, C.B., Rogelio Aguirre, J.R. and Muruaga, J.S.M. 1997. Morphological
and agronomic traits of a wild population and an improved cultivar of common bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.). Annals of Botany, 79: 207-213.
Gazanchian, A., Khosh Kholgh Sima, N.A., Malboobi, M.A. and Majidi Heravan, E. 2006. Relationships
between emergence and soil water content for perennial cool-season grasses native to Iran.
Crop Science, 46: 544-553.
Hanks, J.D., Waldron, B.L., Johnson, P.G., Jensen, K.B. and Asay, K.H. 2005. Breeding CWG-R crested
wheatgrass for reduced-maintenance turf. Crop Science, 45: 524-528.
Madani, K. 2014. Water management in Iran: what is causing the looming crisis? Journal of Environmental
Studies and Sciences, doi:10.1007/s13412-014-0182-z.
Meyer, W.A. 1989. Breeding disease–resistant, persistent low-maintenance turf. Grounds-Maint, 24:
68,70,74,139.
Mozaffarian, V. 1996. A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Farhang Moaser, Tehran.
Oliveira, J.A., Guitierrez-Villarias, M.I., Fernandez-Casado, M.A., Costal-Andrade, L., Gonzalez-Arraez,
E., Bughrara, S.S. and Affif, E. 2008. Agronomic, leaf anatomy, morphology, endophyte presence
and ploidy characterization of accessions of Festuca rubra collected in northern Spain. Spanish
Journal of Agricultural Research, 6: 586-598.
Robins, J.G. and Waldron, B.L. 2007. Potential for the improvement of turf quality in crested wheatgrass
for low-maintenance conditions. Hortscience, 42(7): 1526-1529.
Robins, J.G., Waldron, B.L., Cook, D.W., Jensen, K.B. and Asay, K.H. 2006. Evaluation of crested
wheatgrass managed as turfgrass. Online Applied Turfgrass Science doi: 10.1094/ATS-2006-
0523-01-RS.
Turgeon, A.L. 1996. Turfgrass management. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Ward, J.H. 1963. Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American
Statistical Association, 56: 236-24 4.
Watkins, E., Fei, S., Gardner, D., Stier, J., Bughrara, S., Li, D., Bigelow, C., Schleicher, L., Horgan,
B. and Diesburg, K. 2011. Low-input turfgrass species for the north central United States. Online.
Applied Turfgrass Science, doi: 10.1094/ATS-2011-0126-02-RS.
Wu, L. and Harivandi, M.A. 1988. In search of low-maintenance turf. California Agricultural Experimental
Station, 42: 16-17.