The Effect of CaCl2 Salinity on Growth Parameters of Lisianthus Cultivars
الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Nabiyollah Ashrafi
1
(Ph.D student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.)
Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad
2
(Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, P.O. Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Threshold, resistant cultivars, CaCl2-Salinity, <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>,
ملخص المقالة :
Soil and water salinity substantially constrain crop and biomass production. To investigate the changes in morphological parameters of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) cultivars under CaCl2 salinity conditions a greenhouse experiment was conducted. Cultivars namely, ‘Champagne’ (C1), ‘Lime Green’ (C2), ‘Blue Picotee’ (C3) and ‘Pure White’ (C4), were subjected to salt stress (0–30 mM CaCl2) in a washed sand culture and the morphological responses were measured. The results showed that salinity affected all of the considered parameters, so that, as salinity levels increased, plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area in all cultivars decreased, while, root length, root fresh and dry weight and root: shoot length ratio increased. However, the changes in Pure White and Lime Green were less than in ‘Champagne’ and ‘Blue Picotee’. Theregression analysis of the relationship between CaCl2 salinity levels and seedlings height or root: shoot length ratio defined two groups with different slope coefficients: C1 and C3 as salt sensitive cultivars and C2 and C4 as salt tolerant cultivars. The results showed that salinity threshold of C1 and C3 was 25 and 30 mM CaCl2 respectively, while C2 and C4 in 30 mM CaCl2 showed no significant differences with control. The results suggests that C2 and C4 could be recommended as resistant cultivars due to attain higher growth, water balance, shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area in response to CaCl2 salinity compared with C1 and C3.
Akram, M. S., Ashraf, M. and Akram, N. A. 2009. Effectiveness of potassium sulfate in mitigating salt-induced adverse effects on different physio-biochemical attributes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 204 (6): 471-483.
Ashraf, M. and Ahmad, S. 2000. Influence of sodium chloride on ion accumulation, yield components and fibre characteristics in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Field Crops Research, 66 (2): 115-127.
Ashrafi, N. and Rezaei Nejad, A. 2017. Lisianthus response to salinity stress. Photosynthetica, 56 (2): 487-494.
Batistič, O. and Kudla, J. 2010 Calcium: Not just another ion. In: Cell Biology of Metals and Nutrients. Springer, pp 17-54.
Cassaniti, C., Leonardi, C. and Flowers, T. J. 2009. The effects of sodium chloride on ornamental shrubs. Scientia Horticulturae, 122 (4): 586-593.
Chartzoulakis, K., Loupassaki, M., Bertaki, M. and Androulakis, I. 2002. Effects of NaCl salinity on growth, ion content and CO2 assimilation rate of six olive cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 96 (1): 235-247.
Hafsi, C., Lakhdhar, A., Rabhi, M., Debez, A., Abdelly, C. and Ouerghi, Z. 2007. Interactive effects of salinity and potassium availability on growth, water status, and ionic composition of Hordeum maritimum. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170 (4): 469-473.
López-Pérez, C. A., Valdez-Aguilar, L. A., Robledo-Torres, V., Mendoza-Villarreal, R. and Castillo-Gonzalez, A. M. 2014. El calcio imparte tolerancia a alta conductividad eléctrica en lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum Raf. Shinn.). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 5 (7): 1193-1204.
Maggio, A., Raimondi, G., Martino, A. and De Pascale, S. 2007. Salt stress response in tomato beyond the salinity tolerance threshold. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59 (3): 276-282.
Morales, M., Sánchez-Blanco, M., Olmos, E., Torrecillas, A. and Alarcon, J. 1998. Changes in the growth, leaf water relations and cell ultrastructure in Argyranthemum coronopifolium plants under saline conditions. Journal of Plant Physiology, 153 (1): 174-180.
Munns, R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25 (2): 239-250.
Munns, R. and Tester, M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59 651-681.
Navarro, A., Bañón, S., Conejero, W. and Sánchez-Blanco, M. 2008. Ornamental characters, ion accumulation and water status in Arbutus unedo seedlings irrigated with saline water and subsequent relief and transplanting. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 62 (3): 364-370.
Pérez-Tornero, O., Tallón, C. I., Porras, I. and Navarro, J. M. 2009. Physiological and growth changes in micropropagated Citrus macrophylla explants due to salinity. Journal of Plant Physiology, 166 (17): 1923-1933.
Rengel, Z. 1992. The role of calcium in salt toxicity Plant. Cell and Environment, 15 (6): 625-632.
Saab, I. N., Sharp, R. E., Pritchard, J. and Voetberg, G. S. 1990. Increased endogenous abscisic acid maintains primary root growth and inhibits shoot growth of maize seedlings at low water potentials. Plant physiology, 93 (4): 1329-1336.
Sairam, R. K., Rao, K. V. and Srivastava, G. 2002. Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science, 163 (5): 1037-1046.
Shahbaz, M., Ashraf, M., Akram, N. A., Hanif, A., Hameed, S., Joham, S. and Rehman, R. 2011. Salt-induced modulation in growth, photosynthetic capacity, proline content and ion accumulation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 33 (4): 1113-1122.
Shimizu-Yumoto, H. and Ichimura, K. 2010. Combination pulse treatment of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and aminoethoxyvinylglycine greatly improves postharvest life in cut Eustoma flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 56 (1): 104-107.
Tarchoune, I., Degl’Innocenti, E., Kaddour, R., Guidi, L., Lachaâl, M., Navari-Izzo, F. and Ouerghi, Z. 2012. Effects of NaCl or Na2SO4 salinity on plant growth, ion content and photosynthetic activity in Ocimum basilicum L. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 34 (2): 607-615.
Thitisaksakul, W. and Maysaya, M. 2008. Effect of salinity stress on growth and carbohydrate metabolism in three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity tolerance. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 46 736-742.
Turhan, A. and Seniz, V. 2010. Salt tolerance of some tomato genotypes grown in Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8 (3&4): 332-339.
Valdez-Aguilar, L. A., Grieve, C. M. and Poss, J. A. 2013. Response of lisianthus to irrigation with saline water: Plant growth. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36 (10): 1605-1614.
Valdez-Aguilar, L. A., Grieve, C. M. and Poss, J. A. 2014. Response of lisianthus to irrigation with saline water: Ion relations. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37 (4): 546-561.
Zhao, J., Ren, W., Zhi, D., Wang, L. and Xia, G. 2007. Arabidopsis DREB1A/CBF3 bestowed transgenic tall fescue increased tolerance to drought stress. Plant Cell Reports, 26 (9): 1521-1528.
