The Effect of Sawdust Vermicompost Extract on Growth of Dracaena marginata
الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Ali Mahboub Khomami
1
(
Soil and Water Research Department, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran.
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: vermicompost, Earthworm, Foliar spraying, Organic waste,
ملخص المقالة :
This study investigated the effects of the sawdust vermicompost extract (aqueous extract) on yield and chemical quality of Dracaena marginata var.‘Tricolor’ grown under four sawdust vermicompost extract solutions (0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm). The sawdust vermicompost extract was prepared using non-aerated extraction methods with 1:10 (v/v) of sawdust vermicompost to water and was sprayed three times two weeks on the D. marginata plants. Sawdust vermicompost extract improved mineral nutrients of plants such as nitrogen (2.36%), phosphorus (0.42%), potassium (2.31%), calcium (2.76%), and magnesium (0.23%) compared to controls. When the sawdust vermicompost extract was sprayed on the D. marginata plants, it showed a significant growth of plants. The three-time spray of 1000 ppm vermicompost extract also reflected too great influence over the yield of D. marginata. Plants grown in pots sprayed with 1000 ppm vermicompost extract exhibited higher height (15.33 cm), leaf number (53.00), shoot and leaf fresh weight (66.00g), and shoot and leaf dry weight (13.90 g) than control treatments (P < 0.05). This practice should be adopted for obtaining a higher yield from D. marginata. This study confirmed that the sawdust vermicompost extract can positively influence plant yield.
Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C. A., Bierman, P., Melzger, A.D., Lee, S. and Welch, C. 2005. Effect of vermicompost on growth and marketable fruits of field-grown tomato, peppers and strawberries. Bioresource Technology, 47: 731-735.
Atiyeh, R.M., Dominguez, J., Subler, S. and Edwards, C.A. 2000. Changes in biochemical properties of cow manure during processing by earthworms (Eisenia andrei, Bouche) and the effects on seedling growth. Pedobilogia. 44: 709-724.
Atiyeh, R.M., Yardim, Y., Edwards, C.A. and Metzeger, J.D. 2004. Influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology, 93: 139-144.
Azizi, P., Khomami, A.M. and Mirsoheil, M. 2008. Influence of cow manure vermicompost on growth of Dieffenbachia. Ecology Environment and Conservation, 14 (1):1- 4.
Bremner, J.M. and Mulvaney, R.G. 1982. Nitrogen total. In: Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., Keeney, D.R. (Eds.), Method of soil analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, pp. 575-624.
Edwards, C.A. 1998. The use of earthworms in the breakdown and management of organic acid. In: Edwards, C.A. (Ed), Earthworm ecology. CRC Press, the Netherlands, pp. 327-354.
Elvira, C., Goicoechea, M., Sampdro, L., Mato, S. and Nogalas, R. 1996. Bioconversion of solid paper pulp mill sludge by earthworm. Bioresource Technology, 75: 173-177.
Gamaley, A.V., Nadporozhskaya, M.A., Popov, A.I., Cher-tov, O.G., Kovsh, N.V. and Gromova, O.A. 2001. Non root nutrition with vermicompost extracts as the way of ecological optimization. Plant nutrition: food security and sustainability of agro-ecosystems through basic and applied research. Fourteenth International Plant Nutrition Colloquium. Springer Netherlands, Hannover, Germany. pp. 862-863.
Hargreaves, J., Adl, M.S., Warman, P.R. and Rupasinghe, H.P.V. 2008. The effects of organic amendments on mineral element uptake and fruit quality of raspberries. Plant Soil, 308: 213-226.
Horwitz, W. 1980. Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemistry. 13th Ed. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., Arlington, Va.
Houba, V.J.G., Lee, V.D., Navozamasky, I. and Walgina, L. 1989. Soil and plant analysis -a series of syllabi. Wageningen Agriculture University.
Ingham, E. 2005.The compost tea brewing manual; latest methods and research. Soil Food Web, Corvallis, OR.
Krishnamoorthy, R.V. and Vajranabhaian, S.N. 1986. Biological activity of earthworm cats. An assessment of plant growth promoter or levels in the casts. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences Animal Sciences, 95 (3): 341–351.
Lee, Y.S. and Bartlett, R.J. 1976. Stimulation of plant growth by humic substances. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 40: 876-879.
Lemus, G.R. 1998. Evaluation of dairy manure compost maturity. M.S. Thesis, University of Florida.
Mahboub Khomami, A. and Mammadov, G.M. 2014. Growth of Dieffenbachia amoena ‘Tropic Snow’ in growing media containing sugarcane bagasse and sawdust vermicompost. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 4 (2): 61-67.
Mahboub Khomami, A., Mammadov, G.M., Fatemi Chokami, A. and Sedaghathoor, S. 2015. Growth and reproductive performance of Eisenia foetida in cow manure, cow manure + sugarcane bagasse, and cow manure + sawdust waste. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 14 (1): 237-247.
Murphy, J. and Riley, J.P. 1962. A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica Chimia Acta, 27: 31–36.
Muscolo, A., Bovalo, F., Gionfriddo, F. and Nardi, S. 1999. Earthworm humic matter produces auxin like effects on Daucus carota cell growth and nitrogen metabolism. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31: 1303–1313.
Nelson, D.W. and Sommers, L.E. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Methods of soil analysis, Part 2, 2nd ed., A.L. Page et al., Ed. Agronomy. 9: 961-1010.
Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Keeney, D.R. 1982. Methods of soil analysis. 2nd Edn, Amercen Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI., USA.
Pant, A., Radovich, T.J.K., Hue, N.V., Talcott, S.T. and Krenek, K.A. 2009. Vermicompost extracts influence growth, mineral nutrients, phytonutrients and antioxidant activity in pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai, Chinensis group) grown under vermicompost and chemical fertilizer. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89: 2383 - 2392.
Sanwal, S.K., Laxminarayana, K., Yadav, D.S., Rai, N. and Yadav, R.K. 2006. Growth, yield, and dietary antioxidants of broccoli as affected by fertilizer type. Journal of Vegetable Science,12 (2): 13 – 26.
SAS Institute Inc. 2001. SAS Procedures Guide, Version 8.2, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
Schnitzer, M. and Poapst, P.A. 1967. Effect of soil humic compounds on root initiation. Nature (London) 213: 548 - 599.
Simon, E.W., Minchin, A., McMenamin, M.M. and Smith, J.M. 1976. The low temperature limit for seed germination. New Phytologist, 77: 301 - 311.
Taylor, M., Clarke, W.P. and Greenfield, P.F. 2003. The treatment of domestic wastewater using small-scale vermicompost filter beds. Ecological Engineering, 21 (2–3): 197–203.
Tiquia, S. M., Tam, N.F.Y. and Hodgkiss, I. J. 1996. Effects of composting on phytotoxicity of spent pig-manure sawdust litter. Environmental Pollution, 93: 249–56.
Verdonck, O. and Gabriels, R. 1992. Reference method for the determination of physical and chemical properties of plant substrates. Acta Horticulturae, 302: 169–179.
Zucconi, F., Monaco, A. and Forte, M. 1985. Phytotoxins during the stabilization of organic matter. In: Composting of agricultural and other wastes, Grasser, J.K.R. (Ed.). Elsevier, London, UK, pp: 73-86.
Zucconi, F., Pera, A., Forte, M. and de Bertoldi, M. 1981. Evaluating toxicity of immature compost. BioCycle, 22 (2): 54-57.
