تحلیل فضایی طرح های اشتغال زایی روستایی(مطالعه موردی: نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم)
الموضوعات :
وحید ریاحی
1
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
سعید نصیری زارع
2
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: مزیت نسبی, شهرستان طارم, طرح های اشتغال زایی, خوشه های فعالیت,
ملخص المقالة :
اشتغال ازجمله مؤلفه های دارای اولویت درزندگی روستانشینان بوده و توجه به آن به دلیل نقش آن در توسعه این مناطق ضروری و لازمه ی چنین امری توزیع عادلانه فرصت های اشتغال وپرداختن به آن در این مناطق است. هدف تحقیق، تحلیل فضایی طرح های اشتغال زایی در نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم بود. تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و به لحاظ روش ماهیتی توصیفی-تحلیلی و اطلاعات آن به صورت اسنادی جمع آوری شد. جامعه ی آماری شامل تمام نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم و حجم نمونه ی آن نیز برابر با 54 نقطه روستایی بود. همچنین با توجه به اشتغال و زمینه فعالیت طرح ها، خوشه های فعالیت در گروه های اقتصادی بررسی و برای بررسی مزیت نسبی شهرستان طارم از منابع اسنادی بهره گرفته شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد بیشترین طرح های اشتغال زایی به ترتیب در بخش های دامپروری، صنعت و زراعت بوده و زمینه ی فعالیت طرح ها متناسب با مزیت نسبی نواحی روستایی مورد مطالعه که در شرایط مناسبی برای فعالیت های زراعی، توسعه صنعت و خدمات گردشگری قرار دارند، بوده است. همچنین بیشترین خوشه های فعالیت در بخش زراعت بوده و این بخش با این که تعداد وام و تسهیلات اشتغال زایی کمتری نسبت به بخش دامپروری داشته اما با توجه به خوشه های فعالیت که در خوشه اول(تولید)و خوشه دوم(فرآوری)داشته، توانسته اشتغال بیشتری نسبت به سایر بخش های اقتصادی فراهم آورد. بدین ترتیب توجه به خوشه های فعالیت در طرح های اشتغال زایی می تواند اشتغال و تنوع شغلی بیشتری را برای نواحی روستایی فراهم آورد.
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