اثرگذاری مشارکت در توانمند سازی سکونتگاههای مساله دار شهری (مطالعه موردی : محله بانبرز ایلام)
الموضوعات :ابوالفضل مشکینی 1 , زهرا تردست 2
1 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: "توانمندسازی", "مشارکت اجتماعی", "سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی", "محله بانبرز",
ملخص المقالة :
روند فزاینده ی شهرنشینی مسائل را در ابعاد مختلف در پی داشته که یکی از این مسائل سکونتگاههای مساله دار شهری هستند که به شکلی خودرو و بدون برنامه شکل می گیرند. حل این مسئله نه با برخورد مقطعی، گزینشی و پراکنده کاری یا رهاسازی بلکه باید از طریق یک راهکار بنیادینی و بصورت ریشه ای مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گیرد. جدای از روش های برخورد با این سکونتگاهها، لحاظ کردن دیدگاه و نگرش ساکنین محلی از مهمترین مولفه های تاثیرگذار در فرآیند ساماندهی و توانمندسازی سکونتگاههای مسئله دار بشمار می رود. این پژوهش امکان سنجی نقش مشارکت اجتماعی در توانمندسازی سکونتگاه مساله دار بانبرز و همچنین بسترسازی برای ارتقای شرایط محله به نحوی پایدار از طریق مشارکت ساکنین را هدف خود قرار داده است. روش تحقیق، توصیفی - تحلیلی بوده و برای جمع آوری داده ها از ابزار کتابخانه ای و پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش ساکنین محله بانبرز می باشند ، حجم نمونه با فرمول کوکران با 5 درصد خطا، 376 نفر به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها در نرم افزار spss از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون خطی ساده استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد مشارکت اجتماعی به میزان 566/0 بر توانمندسازی سکونتگاه مورد بررسی موثر می باشد. همچنین 8/91 درصد از ساکنان محله تمایل به مشارکت فراگیر جهت ساماندهی و توانمندسازی محله از طریق مشارکت های تصمیم گیری و مدیریت، تامین مالی هزینه ها(انجام طرح ها) ، تامین نیروی انسانی برای توسعه محله دارند.
Abdollahi, B., & Hydary, Sarban, V. (2009). factors affecting the empowerment of faculty members, case study Teacher Training University. Iranian Journal, 1,111-137. (In Persian)
Acioly C. (2002). The rationale of informal settlements regularisation projects: from settlement upgrading to integration approaches lecture notes. Institute for Housing and urban Development studies - IHS:
Aeeni, M. (2007). Economic issues, financial and administrative reform, modernization and re-creation of the old urban fabric. Tehran: Building and Housing Research Center of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. (In Persian)
Alavi Tabar, A.R. (2000). Evaluation of citizen participation in city affairs experience the world and Iran. Tehran: publisher of the municipalities in the country. (In Persian)
Asadollahi, A.R., & Nateghpour, M.J. (2006). The structure of marginal areas of Ilam. taken from sociology Iran, iran, from http:// sociology of iran. com/index.php. (In Persian)
Bod tiknik engineers techniques. (2015). the master plan of the city of Ilam, Ilam Roads and Urban Development Department.
Dadashpoor, H., Hassan Abadi, S., & Pourtaheri, M. (2012). analysis of the empowerment of residents in informal settlements upgrading the physical environment Case Study: Cal Eid Gah East of Sabzevar. Journal - of geography planning (School of environmental Sciences and architecture, 41, 95-127. (In Persian)
Durand, Lasserve A., Clerc, V. (1996). Regularizat and integration of irregular settlements: lessons from experience. vol 6 of UMP working paper series. UNDP.
Hadizadehbazaz, M. (2003). suburbanization and strategies of the world organization. Mashhad: publisher of Mashhad Municipality in cooperation with Tyhv publishing. (In Persian)
Haidari Sarban. V. (2009). the Empowerment of Agriculture and farmers in agricultural development, study Ardabil Province. (unpublished doctoral dissertation). Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Hassan G. (2011). Review and re-evaluation of the successive housing policy in Egypt. A1-Azhar Univ J EAJ.
Hassanzadeh, M. S. (2004). Examines the impact of organizational culture on employee empowerment in one of the companies operating in the fields of automobile. (unpublished master's thesis). Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Irandoust, K. (2009). Informal settlements and the myth of suburbia. Tehran: processing and dissemination of urban planning. (In Persian)
Ismail Zadeh, Hassan., Salehpour, shamsi., & Ismail Zadeh, yaqob. (2013). factors influencing participation in organizing the Urban Distressed Areas (Case Study of South Dolatkhah). Research and International Journal of Geographic Society, 43, 127-141. (In Persian)
khodaee, Z., & pour khiri, A. (2012). Urban social issues in Iran. Tehran: Department of Cultural and Social Research, Institute of Strategic Research of the Expediency Council. (In Persian)
Malekipour, M. (2010). imbalance of urban settlements in Ilam. Teaching Geography, 25, 56-61. (In Persian)
Marwa A. Khalifa. (2015). Evolution of informal settlements ugrading strategies in Egypt:form negligence to participatory development. Ain shams Engineering hournal, 6, 1151-1159.
Naqdi, A. (2010). migration and marginalization in Iran. Journal of Population, 73, 85-104. (In Persian)
Naqdi, A., & Rezaei, T. (2014). a study of attitudes and social behaviors and demographics of women marginalized Ilam Case Study: Areas Ban Brazil, Ban boron and vegetables Abad. Culture Magazine Elam, the fifteenth year , 23, 103- 119. (In Persian)
Payne, GK.( 1984). Low - income housing in the developing world: the role of sitesand services and settlement upgrading. Wiley.
piran, P. (1987). Rapid urbanization and heterogeneous, shanty in Tehran. Journal of Political Economy information, 1(1), 21- 20. (In Persian)
Pugh, Cedi. (2003). squatter settlements,their sustsnbality, architectural contributions,and socio - economic roles. Cities, 17(5).
Rafieian, Mojtaba. (2003). empowerment of informal settlements project in Bandar Abbas with a view urbaning, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Urban Development Authority and sanitation), the World Bank, Sap Consulting Engineers, Tehran. (In Persian)
Renee A. Irvan, Jhon stansbury, citizen participation Decision Making : Is it worth the Effort?. public Administration Review, 64(1).
Rostamzadeh, yavar. (2012). organizing and empowering informal settlements in urban areas with the attitude of local residents Case Study: Neighborhood unity, Bandar Abbas. Journal of Urban Management, 28, 321- 336. (In Persian)
Saeedi Rezvani, H., & Habibi, S.M. (2005). Urban Cooperative Explore comment on the situation in Iran. Fine Arts, 24, 24-15. (In Persian)
Sharifi Nya, Z., Nora, M.R., & Sanadgol, M. (2011). empowerment and arranging informal settlements, with an emphasis on economic, social, physical and environmental study about the neighborhood Ghulam hill goat free of city. Journal of Geographical land, 30,121-134. (In Persian)
Sarafi, M. (2014). A series of thematic sessions, the first session of empowerment and organization of informal settlements in the light of urban good governance, 1-32. (In Persian)
Sarafi, M. (2002). the problem of internal migration and urban management, with an emphasis on the situation in Iran. Journal of Urban Management, 10, 6-18. (In Persian)
Sarafi, Mozafar. (2003). Revised characteristics of the spontaneous settlements. Proceedings of marginalization and informal settlements, University of Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran. (In Persian)
Sanoff, H. (2000). Community participation Methods in Design and Planning. New York: john Wiley and sons.
UN- Habitat. (2013). The state of the world cities Report 2012/2013.
UN- Habitat. ( 2015). Streets as tools for urban transformation in slums. cities Alliance.
UNDP & MLHUD National slum upgrading strategy and action plan. Kampala: UNDP and Ministry of lands, housing and urban development, 2008.
Uzun B.,& Eete M,Palancioglu H. (2010). Legalizing illegal settlements in Turky. Habitatin.
World Bank. (2008). Approaches to urban slums.
Zali, N., & Rahmati, U., & Chareh, N. (2015). Evaluation and critique of the reorganization plan and the empowerment of informal settlements Shiraz, the neighborhood Mehdiabad (Cats pies). Journal of Urban Planning, 6(23), 115- 132. (In Persian)
_||_