بررسی مقایسه‌ای عوامل مؤثر بر رکود دامداری سنتی در دو ناحیه‌ی دشتی و کوهستانی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان القچین از توابع شهرستان چرام)
الموضوعات :
حمید حیدری مکرر
1
(استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
حمیدرضا نسیمی
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
مهرداد رشیدفر
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: دام, دامداری سنتی, عوامل رکود, اهمیت مرتع, دهستان القچین,
ملخص المقالة :
جامعه‌ی روستایی و عشایری کشور، جامعه‌ای است که اساس دامداری آن به شیوه‌ی سنتی و بهره‌برداری از مراتع بناشده است. علی‌رغم سهم بسزای نظام‌های دامداری سنتی در تولید بخش اعظمی از شیر و گوشت موردنیاز کشور، از شرایط ناپایداری برای ادامه حیات خود برخوردارند، مهم‌ترین این عوامل: تحلیل منابع طبیعی، روی آوردن به تکنولوژی‌های مدرن صنعتی، بالا رفتن سطح بهداشت و فرهنگ و یا... می‌باشد که موجب گردیده تا این شیوه سنتی معیشت، در برخی از نقاط روستایی باسابقه‌ای دیرینه رو به رکود نهد. ازاین‌رو، هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رکود دامداری سنتی در روستاهای موردمطالعه است. روش‌شناسی تحقیق ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و ازنظر روش، توصیفی – تحلیلی می‌باشد. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق حاضر شامل خانوارهای دامدار ساکن دهستان القچین از توابع شهرستان چرام است. حجم نمونه با بهره‌گیری از فرمول کوکران، دربرگیرنده‌ی تعداد 198 خانوار دامدار معین شد. داده‌های مربوط به دو ناحیه به‌وسیله‌ی نرم‌افزار SPSS از طریق به‌کارگیری آزمون‌های آماری مناسب، مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفت. طبق آزمون آماری مان ویتنی که در سطح اطمینان ۹۵ درصد گرفته شد، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهند در شاخص‌های میزان برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی- ترویجی و هزینه‌ی دارو و دامپزشک با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.000 بیشترین اختلاف معنی‌دار بین دو ناحیه استنتاج می‌شود؛ و در شاخص‌های اجرای طرح و عملیات‌هایی جهت حفظ محیط‌زیست با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.833 و سرمایه‌گذاری در سایر فعالیت‌های دامدار با مقدار Sig. (2-tailed) =.567 بیشترین یکسانی وضعیت در دو ناحیه و عدم وجود تفاوت معنادار حاصل گردیده است.
Anabestani, A. A., Shayan, H., & Ahmadzadeh, S. (2011). Estimating the effectiveness of women's participation in social capital in rural areas, (Case study: rural darsab - city of Mashhad). Journal of Applied Geosciences Research, 11(21), 69-90. (In Persian)
Ansari, N., Akhlaghi shal, S. J., & Ghasemi, M. H. (2008). Socioeconomic factors affecting the destruction of natural resources of the country and their contribution to destruction. Quarterly Journal Research of Iranian Rangeland and Desert Research, 15(4), 508-524.(In Persian)
Arzani, H., Mehrabi, A., Azar naboband. H., & Nikkhah, A. (2004). Minimum area required for livestock breeders in Lorestan province. The Third National Conference on Pasture and Rangeland of Iran.(In Persian)
Azkia, M. (2008). Sociology of developmentand rural development in Iran. Tehran: Information Publishing.(In Persian)
Bahrami, R. (2015). An Analysis of the Role of Tourism and its Impact on the Development of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Marivan city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 11(43), 101-113.(In Persian)
Bayat, N., Rastegar, E., Khorasani, M., & Ghanbari nasab, A. (2011). Understanding the factors affecting the depression in livestock economics in rural areas (Case study: Peridar and Mahdieh villages, Malayer city). Journal of Rural Research, 2(4), 153-181.(In Persian)
Ghirshman, R. (2000). Kashan Silk. Translated by Asghar Karimi, National Cultural Heritage Organization, Iran, Tehran.
Grandin, B. E. (1987). Pastoral Culture and Range Management. lesson from Mausiland. Africa, 28, 7-13.
Habibi, F. (2009). Agricultural education in poor countries. Tehran: Publishing Center, From academic publication.(In Persian)
Hosseini nia, Gh.H. (2008). Logical pathology of entrepreneurship education in the cooperative department and the presenting of solutions based on world-wide and agencies theories, National Conference on Cooperatives and Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Kallioniemi M. K., Raussi S. M., Rautiainen R.H., & Kymalainen H. R. (2011). Safety and animal handling practices among women dairy operators. J Agric Saf Health, 17(1), 63-78.
Kamalzadeh, M. (2008). Livestock Production System and Trends in Livestock industry in Iran. Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, 4(4), 183-188.(In Persian)
Khadem mohammadi, M. (2008). Identifying the factors affecting the entrepreneurship of graduates of technical vocational education in the agriculture and providing a native model, Ph.D Management Plan Certificate Identity. Rural Agricultural Monthly Journal, 15.(In Persian)
Khaki pour, L., Barani, H., Darijani, A., & Karamian, R. (2011). Study of rangeland share in livestock income of nomadic households (Case Study: Hamiyan watershed). Scientific Journal of Rangeland, 5(4), 430-437.(In Persian)
Mahdavi, M. (2010). Introduction to Rural Geography of Iran. Tehran: Samt Publishing.(In Persian)
Manafi Azar, R., Abdullahi, A.A., Alizadeh, T., Walaee, M., & Ghasemi ardahai, A. (2017). Return migration and its consequences on rural settlements (Case Study: Burano district, Miandoab city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 12(38), 179-197.(In Persian)
Mbaiwa, J. E. (2010). Changes on Traditional Livelihood Activities and Lifestyles Caused by Tourism Development in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, Tourism Management xxx, 1-11.
Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. (2000). Programs and summary of economic research report and assessment of social progress studies. Tehran: Public Participation Section.(In Persian)
Moeini, M. M., Sanjabi, M. R., Najafi, B., & Fomi, Sh. A. (2005). The role and importance of traditional livestock insurance in increasing investment and sustained production, Fifth Biennial Conference on Iranian Agricultural Economy. University of Sistan and Baluchestan – Zahedan, 1-16.(In Persian)
Motavalli, A. R., Karimian, A. A., Fatahi ardakani, A., Zahedi, E., & Shafiei, M. S. (2012). Study the Challenges and Solutions of Traditional Livestock System and Sustainable Development (Case Study: Watershed to Rostaq). The first National Conference on Sustainable Development Strategies, 1-7.(In Persian)
Mousavi, S. N. A., Jabari, M., & Farajzadeh, Z. (2011). Analysis of the effects of farmers' cooperatives on creation of employment and production in Fars Province, Application of fuzzy linear regression approach. Agricultural Economics Research, 3(2), 21-35.(In Persian)
Nagler, A. C. T., Bastian, J. T., Hewlett. S. I., Paisley, M. A., Smith, M. Frasier., & Umberger, W. (2007). MultiPle impacts- multiple strategies: How Wyoming cattl Producers are surviving in Prolonged drought. University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Publication. http://ces. Uwyo. edu/ PUBS/ B1178.
Najafi, B. (1991). The study of the nomadic economy in Sistan and ways to improve it, Articles Collection of the Development Strategy of Nomadic Life, Nomadic release. 467-485.(In Persian)
Pablo, H. (1969). Development and rehabilitation of Iranian pastures through botanical and ecological studies, Translated by Goudarz Sheidaie, Tehran: Publications of the Ministry of Natural Resources.
Panahzadeh parikhani, M., Razaghi pourkhani, F., fomi, Sh. A., Motie langerodi, S.H., & Hosseinipour, A. (2015). The main obstacles to the application of good agricultural practices (GAPs) in the sustainability of livestock units. International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development, 5(3), 169-178.(In Persian)
Parsch, L. D, M. P. Poppand O. J. Loewer. (1997). Stocking rate risk for Pasturefed steers under weather uncertainty. Journal of Range Management, 50, 541-549.
Rahmani, S. A. (1994). Study the role of promotion and training in optimal utilization of rangelands of the country. Articles collection of the first rangeland and rangelands seminar in Iran, Isfahan University of Technology, Organization of forests, meadows and watershed management of the country, 139-150. ( In Persian)
Roy Squires, V., & Karami, E. (2015). Livestock management in the arid zone: Coping strategies. Journal of Rangeland Science, 5(4), 336-346.
Royan Consulting Engineers. (1993). Comprehensive studies of agricultural development in the Watersheds of Karkheh Oliya and Dez Oliya rivers. (In Persian)
Seif allahi, M., Barghi, H., & Ghanbari, Y. (2010). Effects of informal education on economic development of villages (Case study of Fereydoun City in Isfahan Province). Journal of Urban and Regional Studies and Researchs, 2(6), 95-116. (In Persian)
Shakour, A., Tabibi, H. R., Bagherzadeh, M. S., Vahed pour, Gh. A. (1392). Measuring socioeconomic factors affecting nomadic settlement in Fars province. Regional Planning, 3(9), 1-11.(In Persian)
Sheikhi, A. M. (1996). Modifying the livestock management structure depends on defining the livestock production opportunity, nomads. Articles collection of the first research seminar in Tehran from goats and sheep, National Institute of Animal Science Research. Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Education Association, 265-283. (In Persian)
Sidayi, E., Sadeghi, H.A., & Fadaii, M. (2015). Study of physical changes and new housing spaces in the village – cities (Case study: Deh cheshmeh Village – Citie؛ Farsan city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 10(33), 77-99.(In Persian)
Stine, D., & Living, I. (1987). The common property and pastoral behavior/ IAAE- occasional- paper- International-Association of Agricultural Economics, 364-369.
Tirgar, A., Aghalori, Z., Salari, F., & Rajabalian, M. (2012). A survey on health status of livestock breeders and livestock farms in Babol city with an emphasis on professional health considerations. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety, 2(2), 13-23.(In Persian)
Zand moghaddam, M. R., & Amiri, M. (2012). Geographical Studies and Providing Appropriate Solutions for Rural Livestock (Case Study of Darmizkondeh Village in Mazandaran Province). The first National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Healthy Environment, 1-16. (In Persian)
_||_Anabestani, A. A., Shayan, H., & Ahmadzadeh, S. (2011). Estimating the effectiveness of women's participation in social capital in rural areas, (Case study: rural darsab - city of Mashhad). Journal of Applied Geosciences Research, 11(21), 69-90. (In Persian)
Ansari, N., Akhlaghi shal, S. J., & Ghasemi, M. H. (2008). Socioeconomic factors affecting the destruction of natural resources of the country and their contribution to destruction. Quarterly Journal Research of Iranian Rangeland and Desert Research, 15(4), 508-524.(In Persian)
Arzani, H., Mehrabi, A., Azar naboband. H., & Nikkhah, A. (2004). Minimum area required for livestock breeders in Lorestan province. The Third National Conference on Pasture and Rangeland of Iran.(In Persian)
Azkia, M. (2008). Sociology of developmentand rural development in Iran. Tehran: Information Publishing.(In Persian)
Bahrami, R. (2015). An Analysis of the Role of Tourism and its Impact on the Development of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Marivan city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 11(43), 101-113.(In Persian)
Bayat, N., Rastegar, E., Khorasani, M., & Ghanbari nasab, A. (2011). Understanding the factors affecting the depression in livestock economics in rural areas (Case study: Peridar and Mahdieh villages, Malayer city). Journal of Rural Research, 2(4), 153-181.(In Persian)
Ghirshman, R. (2000). Kashan Silk. Translated by Asghar Karimi, National Cultural Heritage Organization, Iran, Tehran.
Grandin, B. E. (1987). Pastoral Culture and Range Management. lesson from Mausiland. Africa, 28, 7-13.
Habibi, F. (2009). Agricultural education in poor countries. Tehran: Publishing Center, From academic publication.(In Persian)
Hosseini nia, Gh.H. (2008). Logical pathology of entrepreneurship education in the cooperative department and the presenting of solutions based on world-wide and agencies theories, National Conference on Cooperatives and Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
Kallioniemi M. K., Raussi S. M., Rautiainen R.H., & Kymalainen H. R. (2011). Safety and animal handling practices among women dairy operators. J Agric Saf Health, 17(1), 63-78.
Kamalzadeh, M. (2008). Livestock Production System and Trends in Livestock industry in Iran. Journal of Agriculture & Social Sciences, 4(4), 183-188.(In Persian)
Khadem mohammadi, M. (2008). Identifying the factors affecting the entrepreneurship of graduates of technical vocational education in the agriculture and providing a native model, Ph.D Management Plan Certificate Identity. Rural Agricultural Monthly Journal, 15.(In Persian)
Khaki pour, L., Barani, H., Darijani, A., & Karamian, R. (2011). Study of rangeland share in livestock income of nomadic households (Case Study: Hamiyan watershed). Scientific Journal of Rangeland, 5(4), 430-437.(In Persian)
Mahdavi, M. (2010). Introduction to Rural Geography of Iran. Tehran: Samt Publishing.(In Persian)
Manafi Azar, R., Abdullahi, A.A., Alizadeh, T., Walaee, M., & Ghasemi ardahai, A. (2017). Return migration and its consequences on rural settlements (Case Study: Burano district, Miandoab city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 12(38), 179-197.(In Persian)
Mbaiwa, J. E. (2010). Changes on Traditional Livelihood Activities and Lifestyles Caused by Tourism Development in the Okavango Delta, Botswana, Tourism Management xxx, 1-11.
Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. (2000). Programs and summary of economic research report and assessment of social progress studies. Tehran: Public Participation Section.(In Persian)
Moeini, M. M., Sanjabi, M. R., Najafi, B., & Fomi, Sh. A. (2005). The role and importance of traditional livestock insurance in increasing investment and sustained production, Fifth Biennial Conference on Iranian Agricultural Economy. University of Sistan and Baluchestan – Zahedan, 1-16.(In Persian)
Motavalli, A. R., Karimian, A. A., Fatahi ardakani, A., Zahedi, E., & Shafiei, M. S. (2012). Study the Challenges and Solutions of Traditional Livestock System and Sustainable Development (Case Study: Watershed to Rostaq). The first National Conference on Sustainable Development Strategies, 1-7.(In Persian)
Mousavi, S. N. A., Jabari, M., & Farajzadeh, Z. (2011). Analysis of the effects of farmers' cooperatives on creation of employment and production in Fars Province, Application of fuzzy linear regression approach. Agricultural Economics Research, 3(2), 21-35.(In Persian)
Nagler, A. C. T., Bastian, J. T., Hewlett. S. I., Paisley, M. A., Smith, M. Frasier., & Umberger, W. (2007). MultiPle impacts- multiple strategies: How Wyoming cattl Producers are surviving in Prolonged drought. University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Publication. http://ces. Uwyo. edu/ PUBS/ B1178.
Najafi, B. (1991). The study of the nomadic economy in Sistan and ways to improve it, Articles Collection of the Development Strategy of Nomadic Life, Nomadic release. 467-485.(In Persian)
Pablo, H. (1969). Development and rehabilitation of Iranian pastures through botanical and ecological studies, Translated by Goudarz Sheidaie, Tehran: Publications of the Ministry of Natural Resources.
Panahzadeh parikhani, M., Razaghi pourkhani, F., fomi, Sh. A., Motie langerodi, S.H., & Hosseinipour, A. (2015). The main obstacles to the application of good agricultural practices (GAPs) in the sustainability of livestock units. International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development, 5(3), 169-178.(In Persian)
Parsch, L. D, M. P. Poppand O. J. Loewer. (1997). Stocking rate risk for Pasturefed steers under weather uncertainty. Journal of Range Management, 50, 541-549.
Rahmani, S. A. (1994). Study the role of promotion and training in optimal utilization of rangelands of the country. Articles collection of the first rangeland and rangelands seminar in Iran, Isfahan University of Technology, Organization of forests, meadows and watershed management of the country, 139-150. ( In Persian)
Roy Squires, V., & Karami, E. (2015). Livestock management in the arid zone: Coping strategies. Journal of Rangeland Science, 5(4), 336-346.
Royan Consulting Engineers. (1993). Comprehensive studies of agricultural development in the Watersheds of Karkheh Oliya and Dez Oliya rivers. (In Persian)
Seif allahi, M., Barghi, H., & Ghanbari, Y. (2010). Effects of informal education on economic development of villages (Case study of Fereydoun City in Isfahan Province). Journal of Urban and Regional Studies and Researchs, 2(6), 95-116. (In Persian)
Shakour, A., Tabibi, H. R., Bagherzadeh, M. S., Vahed pour, Gh. A. (1392). Measuring socioeconomic factors affecting nomadic settlement in Fars province. Regional Planning, 3(9), 1-11.(In Persian)
Sheikhi, A. M. (1996). Modifying the livestock management structure depends on defining the livestock production opportunity, nomads. Articles collection of the first research seminar in Tehran from goats and sheep, National Institute of Animal Science Research. Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Education Association, 265-283. (In Persian)
Sidayi, E., Sadeghi, H.A., & Fadaii, M. (2015). Study of physical changes and new housing spaces in the village – cities (Case study: Deh cheshmeh Village – Citie؛ Farsan city). Journal Human Settlement Planning Studies, 10(33), 77-99.(In Persian)
Stine, D., & Living, I. (1987). The common property and pastoral behavior/ IAAE- occasional- paper- International-Association of Agricultural Economics, 364-369.
Tirgar, A., Aghalori, Z., Salari, F., & Rajabalian, M. (2012). A survey on health status of livestock breeders and livestock farms in Babol city with an emphasis on professional health considerations. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety, 2(2), 13-23.(In Persian)
Zand moghaddam, M. R., & Amiri, M. (2012). Geographical Studies and Providing Appropriate Solutions for Rural Livestock (Case Study of Darmizkondeh Village in Mazandaran Province). The first National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Healthy Environment, 1-16. (In Persian)
