بررسی نقش عوامل طبیعی در توزیع جغرافیایی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان صحنه)
الموضوعات :
میرستار صدر موسوی
1
(استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
رضا طالبی فرد
2
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
چیا نیازی
3
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: سکونتگاه‌های روستایی, توزیع جغرافیایی, عوامل طبیعی, شهرستان صحنه,
ملخص المقالة :
شناخت نقش توان‌های محیط طبیعی بر الگوی استقرار سکونتگاه‌های روستایی، نخستین گام در درک سازمان فضایی و مدیریت پیوندهای فضایی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی محسوب می‌شود و برنامه‌ریزی بر اساس این شناخت می‌تواند از واپس ماندگی، جمعیت گریزی و انهدام سکونتگاه‌های روستایی جلوگیری کند و همچنین زمینه‌ساز یکپارچگی مکانی-فضایی و توسعه پایدار نواحی روستایی باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش عوامل طبیعی در مکان گزینی سکونتگاه های روستایی در شهرستان صحنه می‌باشد. این پژوهش از لحاظ ماهیت کاربردی و از لحاظ روش به‌صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد. روش گردآوری داده‌ها و اطلاعات به‌صورت اسنادی و میدانی بوده و جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل،تطبیق نتایج و درک صحیح مسئله، ازنرم‌افزار GIS و همچنین تلفیق و ترکیب لایه‌های اطلاعاتی با یافته‌های میدانی استفاده‌شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که الگوی غالب پراکنش سکونتگاه‌های روستایی شهرستان صحنه از نوع خطی بوده و از مجموع 189 روستای این شهرستان، اغلب آن‌ها در طیف ارتفاعی1500-1250 متر، در اراضی آبی و تیپ دشتی استقراریافته‌اند. از سوی دیگر یکی از مهم‌ترین معیارهای مکان‌یابی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی شهرستان صحنه، میزان و کیفیت اراضی شهرستان جهت کشاورزی می‌باشد که این امر، فشردگی فضا و فعالیت و بهره‌برداری بی‌رویه از منابع محیط طبیعی را به دنبال داشته است. در نهایت مدل برازش رگرسیونی نشان داد که منابع آب، منابع خاک، اقلیم، توپوگرافی، ارتفاع، شیب، پوشش گیاهی و کاربری اراضی به ترتیب بیشترین اثر را بر توزیع جغرافیایی سکونتگاه‌ها دارند. بنابراینباید با حفاظت از منابع محیطی و انتخاب مکان‌های مناسب جهت تولید و اشتغال پایدار برای ساکنان سکونتگاه‌ها، زمینه بقا و توسعه پایدار نواحی روستایی را فراهم آورد.
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Shah Hassani, P., & Rahnamaei, M.T. (2010). Comparative Urbanism with Emphasis on Mazandaran and Hormozgan Provinces, Tehran: Samt Publishing. (In Persian)
Shirazian, A. (1996). Organization of rural settlements from conception to case, Proceedings of Seminar on the Organization of Distributed Villages, Islamic Revolutionary Housing Foundation, Hamedan. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2011). General Population and Housing Census. (In Persian)
Stelaji, A.R., & Ghadiri Masooms, M. (2005). Investigating Geographic Factors in Settlement Systems with Emphasis on Quantitative Techniques (Case Study: Wilkij District of Namin Province). Journal of Geographical Research, 53, 121-136. (In Persian)
Yang, Ren., Xu, Qian., & Long, H. (2016). Spatial distribution characteristics and optimized reconstruction analysis of China’s rural settlements during the process of rapid urbanization. Journal of Rural Studies, 47, 413-424.
Zarabi, A., Divsalar, A.A, Kanaani, M.R. (2012). Spatial Analysis of Urban Settlements Based on Environmental Abilities (Case Study: Mazandaran Province). Moderator of Humanities, Planning and Approximation of Space, 16 (2), 77-100. (In Persian)
Zomorodian, M.J. (2004). Application of Natural Geography in Urban and Rural Planning. Tehran: Payame Noor Publishing House. (In Persian)
_||_Agricultural Jihad Organization of Kermanshah Province. (2011). Scenery County Report, Understanding the Situation and Analyzing the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats, Jahad Agricultural Organization of Kermanshah Province, Studies in the Compilation of the Administrative Document of Kermanshah Agricultural Component, Volume I. (In Persian)
Belton, v., & Goodwin, p. (2003). A comparison of the analytic hierarchy process and a simple multi-attribute value function.European. Journal of Operational Research, 26, 7-21.
Cao, Yingui., Bai, Zhongke., Sun, Qi., Zhou, Wei. (2017). Rural settlement changes in compound land use areas: Characteristics and reasons of changes in a mixed mining-rural-settlement area in Shanxi Province. China, Journal Habitat International, 61, 9-21.
Farid, Y.A. (2000). Geography and township, Tabriz: Tabriz University Press. (In Persian)
Farji Shabokbbar, H. A. (2003). Locating Rural Production Units Using Fuzzy Logic (A Case Study of Torghabeh Branch of Mashhad). Two Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 1, 209-228. (In Persian)
Goli, A., & Roknaddin Eftekhari, A.R. (2004). Explanation of spatial pattern of passing villages using GIS. Northwest region of Iran, Modares quarterly, 8 (4), 147-174. (In Persian)
Governor of Kermanshah. (2011). Statistical Yearbook. (In Persian)
Hosseini Ebrie, H. (2004). Entrance to the rural geography of Iran. Isfahan University, Isfahan. (In Persian)
Iran Mapping Organization. (2012). The File Shape of Kermanshah Province. (In Persian)
Jafar Beyglu, M., Ghadiri Masoom, M., Mousavi Razan, S.M., & Bakhshi, Z. (2013). The role of natural factors in the spatial distribution of rural settlements in the city of Tarbat Kohim. Quarterly Journal of Rural Space and Rural Development, 2 (2), 33-54. (In Persian)
Maghsoudi, M., Zamanzadeh, S.M., Fazeli Nashli, H., & Chezneh, S. (2012). The role of natural structures in the pattern of deployment of prehistory sites in Tehran plain using GIS. Journal of Planning and Space Design, 16 (4), 109-137. (In Persian)
Makhdoum, M. (2006). Fundamental of landuse planning. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
Mandal, R, B. (1989). Systems of Rural Settlements in Developing Countries. Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, India
May, J. (1995). The Ecology of Human Disease. New York: MD Publicatins.
Mirzaeean, F. (1996). Spatial Settlement of Rural Settlements and its Optimal Pattern, Master's Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. (In Persian)
Mitchell, A. (2005). The esri guide to GIS analysis, Vol. 2. spatial measurements and statistics. USA: Esri Press.
Motiee Langroudi, S.H., Torani, A., & Soleymani, R. (2011). Evaluation of Spatial Consequences of Establishment of Industrial Towns in Rural Areas (Central District of Minoodasht Township). Urban and Regional Studies and Research, 3 (9), 37-58. (In Persian)
Nouri, S. H. (2000). Spatial Analysis in Agricultural Geography. Geographical Research, 39, 1-10. (In Persian)
Potosyan, A.H. (2017). Geographical features and development regularities of rural areas and settlements distribution in mountain countries. Journal Annals of Agrarian Science, 1-5.
Pound, R, B. (1989). Managing Natural resources for Sustainable Livelihoods: Uniting Science and Participation. Earth scan Publications Ltd, IDRC, Canada.
Queiruga, D., Gonza’lez, Benito, J., & Spengler, T. (2008). Evaluation of sites for the location of WEEE recycling plants in Spain". Waste management. 28 (1), 181-190.
Rahnamaei, M.T. (1991). Environmental Power of Iran. Tehran: Center for Urban and Architectural Studies and Research. (In Persian)
Regional Water Company of Kermanshah Province. (2004-2005). (In Persian)
Roustaei, Sh. (1998). Spatial Organization of the Settlement System and Its Role in the Regional Balance of Azerbaijan. Ph.D. Thesis in Geography & Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. (In Persian)
Saeidi, A. (1998). Sustainable Development and Rural Development Instability. Journal of Housing and Revolution, 2, 17-22. (In Persian)
Saeidi, A. (2005). Rural Geographic Basis. Geography roshd magazin. (In Persian)
Sarvar, R. (2008). Applied Geography and Land Reconstruction, Tehran: SAMT Publications. (In Persian)
Servati, M.R, Khezri, S., & Rahmani, T. (2009). A Study of the Natural Dangers of Physical Development in Sanandaj. Natural Geographic Research, 67. 19-38. (In Persian)
Seydayi, S. I., & Nowroozi Avargani, A. (2010). An Analysis of Spatial Settlement Patterns of Rural Settlements in Chaharmahal Bakhtiari Province. Geography and Development, 18, 53-68. (In Persian)
Shah Hassani, P., & Rahnamaei, M.T. (2010). Comparative Urbanism with Emphasis on Mazandaran and Hormozgan Provinces, Tehran: Samt Publishing. (In Persian)
Shirazian, A. (1996). Organization of rural settlements from conception to case, Proceedings of Seminar on the Organization of Distributed Villages, Islamic Revolutionary Housing Foundation, Hamedan. (In Persian)
Statistical Center of Iran. (2011). General Population and Housing Census. (In Persian)
Stelaji, A.R., & Ghadiri Masooms, M. (2005). Investigating Geographic Factors in Settlement Systems with Emphasis on Quantitative Techniques (Case Study: Wilkij District of Namin Province). Journal of Geographical Research, 53, 121-136. (In Persian)
Yang, Ren., Xu, Qian., & Long, H. (2016). Spatial distribution characteristics and optimized reconstruction analysis of China’s rural settlements during the process of rapid urbanization. Journal of Rural Studies, 47, 413-424.
Zarabi, A., Divsalar, A.A, Kanaani, M.R. (2012). Spatial Analysis of Urban Settlements Based on Environmental Abilities (Case Study: Mazandaran Province). Moderator of Humanities, Planning and Approximation of Space, 16 (2), 77-100. (In Persian)
Zomorodian, M.J. (2004). Application of Natural Geography in Urban and Rural Planning. Tehran: Payame Noor Publishing House. (In Persian)
