Leucine Requirement of Female Cobb Broilers from 8 to 14 Days of Age
الموضوعات :
S. Amirdahri
1
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
ح. جانمحمدی
2
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
A. Tagizadeh
3
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
E.A. Soumeh
4
(Department of Animal Science, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia)
M. Oliayi
5
(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: amino acid, Dose-response, ideal ratio, leucine,
ملخص المقالة :
The objective of this study was to estimate the optimum requirement of the digestible leucine in ratio to lysine in female Cobb 500 broiler chicks from 8-14 days of age. In this study, 540 female broiler chickens (Cobb 500), were allocated to the experimental units in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments of 6 replicate pens of 15 birds in each. A basal diet (2890 kcal apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn)/kg; 19% crude protein) was formulated to provide all of the nutrients with the exception of leucine. Lysine was sub-limiting and provided at 90% of recommended level of digestible lysine. Crystalline L-glutamic acid in basal diet was replaced by crystalline L-leucine to provide experimental diets containing 0.93, 0.98, 1.03, 1.08, 1.13, and 1.18 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine. Performance parameters were evaluated during a 7-day period (d 8-14) of ad libitum feeding. The body weight, weight gain and feed intake were significantly influenced by dietary treatments and showed quadratic effect with increasing digestible leucine in ratio to lysine. The groups fed 1.03 and 1.13 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine diet had statistically (p <0.05) greater feed intake than the group fed 0.93 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine diet. The birds fed 1.13 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine diet had higher body weight and weight gain (p <0.05) than the birds fed 0.93 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine diet. Using the curvilinear-plateau model and the quadratic regression analyses, the requirement of digestible leucine to lysine ratio for maximum feed intake were estimated as 1.05 and 1.04, respectively. The curvilinear-plateau model and the quadratic regression analyses estimated the requirement of digestible leucine to lysine ratio for maximum weight gain to be 1.07 and 1.06, respectively. However, the curvilinear-plateau model estimated the requirement of digestible leucine to lysine ratio for the minimum feed conversion ratio at 1.11. Based on the analysis of obtained data, female Cobb 500 broilers need lower ratio of leucine to optimize feed intake and weight gain than feed conversion ratio. In conclusion, the requirement of Cobb 500 female broilers from 8 to 14 d of age to support performance parameters was 1.08 digestible leucine in ratio to lysine.
Baker D.H. (2009). Advances in protein–amino acid nutrition of poultry. Amino Acids. 37, 29-41.
Baker D.H. (2003). Ideal amino acid patterns for broiler chicks. Pp. 234 in Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition. J.P.F. D’Mello, Ed. Formerly of the Scottish Agricultural College Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Baker D.H. (1997). Ideal amino acid profiles for swine and poultry and their applications in feed formulation. Biokyowa Tech. Rev. 9, 1-24.
Baker D.H. and Han Y. (1994). Ideal amino acid profile for chicks during the first three weeks post hatching. Poult. Sci. 73(9), 1441-1447.
Brosnan J.T. and BrosnanM.E. (2006). Branched-chain amino acids: Enzyme and substrate regulation. J. Nutr. 136, 207-211.
Chamruspollert M., Pesti G.M. and BakalliR.I. (2002). Determination of the methionine requirement of male and female broiler chicks using an indirect amino acid oxidation method. Poult. Sci. 81, 1004-1013.
Deng H., Zheng A., Liu G., Chang W., Zhang S. and Cai H. (2014). Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in skeletal muscle of neonatal chicks: Effects of dietary leucine and age. Poult. Sci. 93, 114-121.
Dozier W.A., Corzo A., Kidd M.T. and Schilling M.W. (2008). Dietary digestible lysine requirements of male and female broilers from forty-nine to sixty-three days of age. Poult. Sci. 87, 1385-1391.
Franco S.M., Tavernari F.D.C., Maia R.C., Barros V.R.S.M., Albino L.F.T., Rostagno H.S., Lelis G.R., Calderano A.A. and Dilger R.N. (2016). Estimation of optimal ratios of digestible phenylalanine + tyrosine, histidine, and leucine to digestible lysine for performance and breast yield in broilers. Poult. Sci. 1, 1-9.
Harris R.A., Joshi M. and JeoungN.H. (2004). Mechanisms responsible for regulation of branched-chain amino acid catabolism. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 313, 391-396.
May R.C., Piepenbrock N., Kelly R.A. and Mitch W.E. (1991). Leucine-induced amino acid antagonism in rats: Muscle valine metabolism and growth impairement. J. Nutr. 121, 293-301.
Nakashima K., Yakabe Y., Ishida A., Yamazaki M. and Abe H. (2007). Suppression of myofibrillar proteolysis in chick skeletal muscles by α-ketoisocaproate. Amino Acids. 33, 499-503.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
Ospina-Rojas I.C., Murakami A.E., Duarte C.R.A., Nascimento G.R., Garcia E.R.M., Sakamoto M.I. and Nunes R.V. (2016). Leucine and valine supplementation of low-protein diets for broiler chickens from 21 to 42 days of age. Poult. Sci. 96(4), 914-922.
Robbins K.R., Saxton A.M. and Southern L.L. (2006). Estimation of nutrient requirements using broken-line regression analysis. J. Anim. Sci. 84(13), 155-165.
Rostagno H.S., Albino L.F.T., Donzele J.L., Gomes P.C., Oliveira R.F.M., Lopes D.C., Ferreira A.S. and Barreto S.L.T. (2011). Brazilian Tables for Poultry and Swine-Composition of Feedstuffs and Nutritional Requirements. Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
SAS Institute. (2006). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Soumeh E.A., Milgen J.V., Sloth N.M., Corrent E., Poulsen H.D. and Nørgaard J.V. (2015a). Requirement of standardized ileal digestible valine to lysine ratio for 8- to 14-kg pigs. Anim. 9(8), 1312-1318.
Soumeh E.A., Milgen J.V., Sloth N.M., Corrent E., Poulsen H.D. and Nørgaard J.V. (2015b). The optimum ratio of standardized ileal digestible leucine to lysine for 8 to 12 kg female pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 93, 2218-2224.
TischlerM.E., Desautels M. and Goldberg A.L. (1982). Does leucine, leucyltransfer RNA, or some metabolite of leucine regulate protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal and cardiac muscle? J. Biol. Chem. 257, 1613-1621.
Wang B., Zhizhi M. and Jianmin Y. (2016). Apparent ileal digestible tryptophan requirements of 22- to 42-day-old broiler chicks. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 25, 54-61.
