Effects of Milking Frequency on Milk Production and Composition of Holstein Cows during Their First Three Lactations
الموضوعات :
1 - Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine Institute, Madinate Al Irfane, 10 101, Rabat, Morocco
الکلمات المفتاحية: milking frequency, dairy cows, milk composition, milk yield, parity and milking frequency interaction,
ملخص المقالة :
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of milking frequency (two times daily vs. three times daily) on the 305-d lactation milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percentage of Holstein dairy cows in Morocco. Data analyzed were 31400 records collected between 2009 and 2016 on 14272 cows raised in 194 herds. The frequency of milking had significant effects (P<0.05) on 305-d milk, fat and protein yield as well as fat percentage. The milk, fat and protein yield and fat percentage were higher by 265.1 kg, 13.3 kg, 5.8 kg, and 0.3 g/kg, respectively, i.e. 3,79%, 4.78%, 2.40%, and 0.75%, respectively, for cows milked thrice than those milked twice daily. However, the frequency of milking did not influence protein percentage (P>0.05). The interaction between parity and milking frequency was not significant (P>0.05) for any studied trait. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that increasing milking frequency increased milk, fat and protein yield as well as fat percentage regardless of parity. However, the additional milk yield obtained might not compensate for the cost of the labor generated by the extra milking.
Allen D.B., DePeters E.J. and Laben R.C. (1986). Three times a day milking: Effects on milk production, reproductive efficiency, and udder health. J. Dairy Sci. 69, 1441-1446.
Amos H.E., Kiser T. and Loewenstein M. (1985). Influence of milking frequency on productive and reproductive efficiencies of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 68, 732-739.
Atashi H. (2015). Effect of milking frequency on the lactation performance and lactation curve of Holstein dairy cows in Iran. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 5(2), 273-278.
Barnes M.A., Pearson R.E. and Lukes-Wilson A.J. (1990). Effects of milking frequency and selection for milk yield on productive efficiency of Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 73, 1603-1611.
Bortacki P., Kujawiak R., Czerniawska-Piątkowska E., Kirdar S.S., Wójcik J. and Grzesiak W. (2017). Impact of milking frequency on yield, chemical composition and quality of milk in high producing dairy herd. Mljekarstvo. 67(3), 226-230.
Campos M.S., Wilcox C.J., Head H.H., Webb D.W. and Hayen J. (1994). Effects on production of milking three times daily on first lactation Holsteins and Jerseys in Florida. J. Dairy Sci. 77, 770-773.
Czerniawska-Piatkowska E., Gralla K., Szewczuk M. and Chociłowicz E. (2012). The comparison of yield, composition and quality of cow milk depending on twice-a-day and four-times-a-day milking. Acta Sci. Pol. Zootech. 11(4), 21-30.
DePeters E.J., Smith N.E. and Acedo-Rico J. (1985). Three or two times daily milking of older cows and first lactation cows for entire lactations. J. Dairy Sci. 68, 123-132.
Erdman R.A. and Varner M. (1995). Fixed yield responses to increased milking frequency. J. Dairy Sci. 78, 1199-1203.
Eslamizad M., Dehghan-Banadaky M., Rezayazdi K. and Moradi-Shahrbabak M. (2010). Effects of 6 times daily milking during early versus full lactation of Holstein cows on milk production and blood metabolites. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 4054-4061.
Hale S.A., Capuco A.V. and Erdman R.E. (2003). Milk yield and mammary growth effects due to increased milking frequency during early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 86, 2060-2071.
Hart K.D., McBride B.W., Duffield T.F. and DeVries T.J. (2013). Effect of milking frequency on the behavior and productivity of lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 1-13.
International Committee for Animal Recording. (2014). A Synthesis of the ICAR Guidelines on Animal Identification, Rome, Italy.
Patton J., Kenny D.A., Mee J.F., Mara F.P.O., Wathes D.C., Cook M. and Murphy J.J. (2006). Effect of milking. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 1478-1487.
Poole D.A. (1982). The effects of milking cows three times daily. Anim. Prod. 34, 197-201.
Sapru A., Barbano D.M., Yun J.J., Klei L.R., Oltenacu P.A. and Bandler D.K. (1997). Cheddar cheese: Influence of milking frequency and stage of lactation on composition and yield. J. Dairy Sci. 80, 437-446.
SAS Institute. (2002). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.0. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Smith J.W., Ely L.O., Graves W.M. and Gilson W.D. (2002). Effect of milking frequency on DHI performance measures. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 3526-3533.
Soberon F., Ryan C.N., Nydam D.V., Galton D.M. and Overton D.R. (2011). The effect of increased milking frequency during early lactation on milk yield and milk composition on commercial dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 4398-4405.
Szuchs E., Acs I., Ugri K., Sas M., Torok I. and Fodor E. (1986). Milking three times a day in a herd with high milk yields. J. Dairy Sci. 48, 360-368.
Van Baale M.J., Ledwith D.R., Thompson J.M., Burgos R., Collier R.J. and Baumgard L.H. (2005). Effect of increased milking frequency in early lactation with or without recombinant bovine somatotropin. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 3905-3912.
Wall E.H. and McFadden T.B. (2008). Use it or lose it: Enhancing milk production efficiency by frequent milking of dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 86(1), 27-36.
