تبیین راهبردهای مدیریت بحران در بافت های فرسوده شهری (مطالعه موردی: منطقه19 شهرداری تهران)
الموضوعات :نعمت حسین زاده 1 , علیرضا استعلاجی 2 , تهمینه دانیالی 3
1 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهرری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره) شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: مدیریت بحران, GIS, منطقه 19 تهران, پهنه بندی آسیب پذیری, مدل همپوشانی وزندار,
ملخص المقالة :
ایمنی شهرها به ویژه بافت فرسوده و تاریخی در برابر مخاطرات و مدیریت بحران آن یکی از اهداف برنامه ریزی شهری بوده و در این راستا اولین گام، اطلاع از میزان تاب آوری محلات بافت فرسوده و مدیریت آن در برابر مخاطرات است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف از نوع کاربردی و از حیث روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی است. رویکرد حاکم بر این پژوهش از نوع اسنادی و میدانی است. جهت مدیریت صحیح بحران در منطقه19 شهرداری تهران، با بهره‌گیری از مدل همپوشانی وزندار در محیط GIS، اقدام به پهنه بندی مناطق آسیب پذیر منطقه گردید. در این مدل از لایه‌های متعددی شامل تراکم جمعیت، کیفیت ابنیه، نزدیکی به معابر، نزدیکی به فضاهای باز، مراکز درمانی، ایستگاه های آتش نشانی و... در محدوده مورد مطالعه استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می دهد که تنها 18/19 درصد از محدوده مورد مطالعه دارای وضعیت مطلوب تا بسیار مطلوب می باشد. 32/39 درصد از منطقه نیز در وضعیت متوسط از لحاظ آسیب پذیری در مواقع بحرانی قرار دارد. همچنین50/41 درصد از محدوده مورد مطالعه در شرایط نامطلوب تا بسیار نامطلوب قرار دارند. با توجه به اینکه قسمت اعظمی از منطقه19 شهرداری تهران در وضعیت مطلوبیت متوسط تا بسیار نامطلوب قرار دارد، لذا اهمیت و توجه مسئولین شهری را طلب می کند تا با تدابیر و برنامه های پیشگیرانه لازم مانع تخریب بافت های فرسوده و یا حتی مسکونی شوند تا اینکه کمترین میزان خسارت مالی و جانی و مدیریت بحران را در سطح منطقه داشته باشیم.
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