بررسی نقش سیستم‌های غیر فعال خورشیدی در ساختمانهای صفر انرژی شهری، جهت آسایش و کاهش مصرف انرژی (مطالعه موردی: ولیعصر شهرتبریز)
الموضوعات :علیرضا اصغری 1 , آیدا ملکی گاوگانی 2 , حسن ابراهیمی اصل 3 , حسن ستاری ساربان قلی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری معماری، واحد بین المللی جلفا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جلفا، ایران
2 - استادیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد بین المللی جلفا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جلفا، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: کاهش مصرف انرژی, توزیع روشنایی طبیعی, سیستم‌های غیر فعال خورشیدی, نرم افزار دیزان بیلدر, ساختمان صفر انرژی,
ملخص المقالة :
در حال حاضر حدود 40% انرژی جهان توسط ساختمانها مصرف می‌شود که این منجر به افزایش انتشار دی اسید‌کربن شده و محیط زیست را با خطر مواجه می‌سازد. بنابراین در دهه‌های اخیر تلاش‌های قابل توجهی در مورد ساختمانهای تقریباً صفر انرژی انجام داده است. استفاده حداکثر از نور طبیعی روزانه می‌تواند منجر به کاهش مصرف انرژی سرمایشی و گرمایشی در فضا می‌شود. در این راستا استفاده از سیستم‌های غیرفعال در پوسته ساختمانهای شهری به عنوان عنصری معمارانه تأثیر بالایی در جهت افزایش آسایش کاربران و همچنین کاهش مصرف انرژی خواهد داشت. بنابراین هدف از مقاله حاضر بررسی تاثیرات اجرای انواع سیستم‌های غیر فعال (جذب مستقیم، دیوار ترومب، گلخانه) در ساختمانهای شهری صفر انرژی، جهت بهبود شرایط آسایش کاربران (توزیع یکنواخت نور روز) و پایین آوردن میزان مصرف انرژی می‌باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر بصورت توصیفی-تحلیلی و از نوع کاربردی می‌باشد. بررسی‌ها در ولیعصر شهر تبریز با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، محاسبات ریاضی برای دست یابی به میزان تابش خورشیدی بر سطح زمین در سایت مورد نظر و همچنین شبیه‌سازی در نرم‌افزار Design Builder و مطالعات میدانی انجام شده است. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده برای فاکتور نور روز، توزیع شدت روشنایی در میان مدل‌های (در جذب مستقیم) C، (در دیوار ترومب) G، (در گلخانه ای) L نسبت به سایر سناریوها به صورت مناسب تری بوده است. همچنین میزان مصرف انرژی در این سه مدل نهایی به ترتیب توانسته است تا 10، 40 و 20 درصد کاهش یابد.
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