Anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of Solanum anomalum

الموضوعات : مجله گیاهان دارویی

جود اکوکون ¹ (Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria)
کوفره دیویز ² (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria)
لوییس آمازو ³ (Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Evans Enwerem University, Orlu Campus, Imo State)
امام یوموه ⁴ (Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria)

تاريخ الإرسال : 10 الجمعة , جمادى الأولى, 1437 تاريخ التأكيد : 08 الجمعة , رجب, 1437 تاريخ الإصدار : 03 الأحد , ربيع الثاني, 1438

الکلمات المفتاحية: Solanum anomalum, Antiinflammatory, Oedema,

ملخص المقالة :

Background & Aim: Solanum anomalum Thonn. ex Schumach. (familySolanaceae) is a shrub growing up to 2 metres tall. The edible fruits are gathered from the wild and consumed locally and the leaves are used locally in the treatment of various diseases. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of Solanum anomalum was carried out to ascertain its uses in traditional medicine. Experimental: The crude leaf extract (70 – 210 mg/kg) of Solanum anomalum was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models; carragenin, egg albumin and xylene induced oedema. Results: The extract (70 -210 mg/kg) caused a significant (p Recommended applications/industries: The plant, Breynia nivosa, possesses antiinflammatory property which can be exploited in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

المصادر:

Akah PA, Njike HA. (1990). Some pharmacological effects of rhizome aqueous extract of Anchomanes diformis. Fitoterapia 60: 368-370.                                                   

Akah PA, Nwanbie A.  (1994). Evaluation of Nigerian traditional medicines plants used for rheumatic (inflammatory) disorder. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 42: 179 – 182.

Besra SE, Sharma RM, Gomes A. (1996). Antiinflammatory effect of petroleum ether extract of leaves of Litchi chinensis. Caertn (sapindaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 54:1-6.

Bukenya ZR, Hall JB. (1988). Solanum (Solanaceae) in Ghana. Bothalia 18(1): 79–88.

Burkill HM. (2000). The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition. Volume 5, Families S–Z, Addenda. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. 686 pp.

 

Carlo Di G, Mascolo N, Izzo AA, Capasso F. (1999). Flavonoids, old and new aspects of a class of natural therapeutic drugs. Life Science 65:337–353.

Ekpendu TO, Akah PA, Adesomoju AA, Okogun JI. (1994). Antinflammatory and antimicrobial activities of Mitracarpus scaber extracts. International Journal of Pharmacology. 32:191-195.

    Hess SM, Milonig RC. (1972). Inflammation In: Lepow LH, Ward PS. (Eds). Inflammation, Mechanism and control. Academic Press, New-York, USA. pp.1-2.

Huss U, Ringbom T, Perera P, Bohlin L, Vasange M. (2002). Screening of ubiquitous plant constituents for COX-2 inhibition with a scintillation proximity based assay. Journal Natural Products  65: 1517-1521. 

 

Krogh R, Kroth R, Berti C, Madereira AO, Souza MM, Cechinel-Filho V, Delle-Monache F, Yunes RA. (1999). Isolation and identification of compounds with antinociceptive action from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Pharmazie 54: 464 – 466.

Liang YC, Huang YT, Tsau SH, Lin-Shiau SY, Chen CF, Lin JK. (1999). Suppression of inducible cyclo-oxygenase and inducible nitric acid synthase by apigenia and related flavonoid in mouse macrophages. Carcinogenesis. 20: 1945-52.

Lin LL, Lin AY, Knopt JL. (1992). Cytosolic phospholipase A₂ is coupled to hormonally regulated release of arachidonic acid. Proceeding of National Academy of Science, U. S. A. 89:6147-6157.

Liu J. (1995). Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 49: 57- 68.

Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Achieves of Toxicology. 54:275-286.

Maia JL, Lima-Junior RC, David JP, David JM, Santos FA, Rao VS. (2006). Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene attenuates the mustard oil induced colonic nociception in mice. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 29: 82–85.

Middleton E Jr, Kandaswami C, Theoharides TC. (2000). The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: Implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer. Pharmacological Reviews. 52: 673–751.

Nwafor PA, Jacks TW, Ekanem AU. (2007). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract of Pausinystalia mecroceras stem bark in rodents. Journal of  Pharmacology 3: 86-90.  

Nwafor PA, Nwajiobi N, Uko IE, Obot JS. (2010). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of an ethanol extract of Smilax krausiana leaf in mice. African Journalof Biomedical and Research 13: 141 -148.

Offor SJ, Ubengama EE. (2015) Phytochemical and antidiabetic studies of ethanolic extracts and fractions of the fruits of Solanum anomalum Thonn. Ex. Schumach. International Journal of Scientific Research and Education.3 (9):4343-4350.

Okokon JE, Nwafor PA. (2010). Antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of ethanolic root extract of Croton zambesicus. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical sciences. 23(4): 383 - 390.

Oriowo MA.( 1982). Anti-inflammatory activity of piperonyl,-4-acrylic isobutyl amide, an extractive from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloids. Planta Medica 44: 54 - 56

Otuki MF, Ferreira J, Lima FV, Meyre-Silva C, Malheiros Â, Muller LA, Cani GS, Santos ARS, Yunes RA, Calixto JB (2005). Antinociceptive properties of mixture of α-amyrin and β-amyrin triterpenes: Evidence for participation of protein kinase C and protein kinase A pathways. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 313: 310–318.

Rajendran NN, Thirugnanasambandam P, Viswanathan S, Parvathavarthini S, Ramaswamy S. (2000). Antinociceptive pattern of flavone and its mechanism as tested by formalin assay. Indian Journal of Experimental Biologiocal 38: 182–185.

Ringbom T, Segura L, Noreen Y, Perera P, Bohlin L. (1998). Ursolic acid from Plantago major, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 catalysed prostaglandin biosynthesis. Journal of Natural Products 61: 1212–1215.

Robak J, Shridi F, Wolbis M, Krolikowska M (1998). Screening of the influence of flavonoids on lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activity, as well as on nonenzymic lipid oxidation. Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy 40: 451–458.

Santos AR, Cechinel Filho V, Niero R, Viana AM, Moreno FN, Campos MM, Yunes RA, Calixto JB. (1994). Analgesic effects of callus culture from selected species of Phyllanthus. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 46 : 755 – 759.

Sofowora, A. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa. 2nd edn, Spectrum Book Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria. 1993.

 

Suh HW, Song DK, Son KH, Wie MB, Lee KH, Jung KY, Do JC, Kim YH (1996). Antinociceptive mechanisms of dipsacus saponin C administered intracerebroventricularly in the mouse. General Pharmacology 27: 1167–1172.

Suh N, Honda T, Finaly HJ, Barchowsky A, Williams C, Benoit NE. (1998). Novel triterpenoids suppress inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in mouse macrophages. Cancer Resesearch  58: 717-723.

Trease, G.E., Evans, W. C. Pharmacognosy, 13^th ed. Bailliere Tindal, London. 1989.

Tapondjou LA, Lontsi D, Sondengam BL, Choi J, Lee KT, Jung HJ, Park HJ. (2003). In vivo antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effect of the two triterpenes, ursolic acid and 23-hydroxyursolic acid, from Cussonia bancoensis. Archives of Pharmacal Research 26: 143–146.

Tjolsen A, Berge OG, Hunskaar S, Rosland JH, Hole K. (1992). The formalin test: An evaluation of the method. Pain51:5-17.

Vane T, Booting R. (1987). Inflammation and mechanism of action of anti- inflammatory drugs. FASSEB J. 1:89-96.

Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. (1962). Carrageenin-induced oedema in hind paw of the rats as an assay of anti-inflammatory drugs. Proceeding of Society for Experimental Biology Medicine 111:544 -547.