بررسی آزمایشگاهی اثر سازه راه ماهی V شکل بر تغییرات زبری راه ماهی
محورهای موضوعی : هیدرولوژی، هیدرولیک و ساختمان های انتقال آبمریم شهابی 1 , جواد احدیان 2 , مرجان نری موسی 3 , مهدی قمشی 4 , حسین عزیزی نادیان 5
1 - دانش‌آموخته دکتری سازه‌های آبی، گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
4 - استاد، گروه سازه‌های آبی، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
5 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، خرمشهر، ایران.
کلید واژه: زبری سازه راه ماهی, راه ماهی V شکل, ضریب افت اصطکاک مودی, ضریب زبری مانینگ,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در این پژوهش اقدام به استفاده از سرریزی جدید با ساختاری شکل به‌عنوان مانعی در کالورت شد. به‌طوری‌که بررسی عملکرد آن بر تغییرات خصوصیات مقاومت جریان همانند جذر ضریب افت اصطکاک مودی سازه و ضریب زبری مانینگ هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر قرار گرفتند.روش پژوهش: آزمایش‌های پژوهش حاضر در مدل فیزیکی موجود در آزمایشگاه هیدرولیک دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط‌زیست دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز صورت گرفت. این مدل فیزیکی شامل یک فلوم آزمایشگاهی به طول 10 متر، عرض 25/0 متر و ارتفاع 5/0 متر هست. در ابتدای هر آزمایش، سازه‌ها در فاصله‌های نسبی مشخص در بستر فلوم چسبانده می‌شد. در ادامه باگذشت 24 ساعت از چسباندن سازه‌ها اقدام به تنظیم دبی جریان و شیب فلوم می‌گردید. دبی‌های موردنظر از طریق سرریز مثلثی با زاویه 53 درجه واقع در پایین‌دست فلوم و شیب از طریق جک تنظیم می‌گردید. به‌منظور برداشت پروفیل سطح آب از پوینت گیج با دقت 1/0 میلی‌متر استفاده می‌گردیدیافته‌ها: با افزایش دبی بدون بعد در یک فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها و شیب مشخص، ضریب زبری مانینگ سازه کاهش می‌یابد. به‌طوری‌که در شیب 10%، فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها 3/1 مقدار ضریب زبری مانینگ سازه از دبی بدون بعد 20/0 به 43/0 به‌اندازه 30% کاهش یافت. با افزایش فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها در یک دبی مشخص، ضریب زبری مانینگ سازه کاهش می‌یابد که این روند همانند اثرگذاری فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها بر جذر ضریب افت اصطکاک مودی سازه است.نتایج: در بررسی روند اثرگذاری سازه راه ماهی V مشخص شد که دبی بدون بعد دارای اثر معکوس بر ضریب اصطکاک جریان و ضریب زبری مانینگ سازه است. از طرفی ارتباط معکوس عدد فرود بر ضریب اصطکاک جریان و ضریب مانینگ سازه مشخص شد. مشخص شد که فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها نیز دارای اثرگذاری معکوس بر ضریب اصطکاک جریان و ضریب مانینگ سازه است. اثرگذاری معکوس عدد رینولدز بر پارامترهای مقاومتی جریان نیز استخراج شد. بهترین حالت سازه راه ماهی با سرریز v شکل پژوهش حاضر در فاصله نسبی بین سازه‌ها 3/1 و شیب 10% رخ می‌دهد.
Background and Aim: In this study, a new overflow with a v-shaped structure was used as a barrier in the culvert. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate its performance on changes in flow resistance properties such as the square root of the Modi friction coefficient and the Manning roughness coefficient.Method:The present study experiments were performed on the physical model available in the hydraulic laboratory of the Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. This physical model includes a laboratory flume 10 meters long, 0.25 meters wide, and 0.5 meters high. At the beginning of each experiment, the structures were glued to the flume bed at specified relative distances. After 24 hours of gluing the systems, the flume's flow rate and slope were adjusted. The desired flow rate was adjusted using a triangular overflow with an angle of 53 degrees located downstream of the flume and the slope through the jack. A point gauge with an accuracy of 0.1 mm was used to remove the water surface profile.Results: By increasing the dimensionless flow in a relative distance between structures and a certain slope, the manning roughness coefficient of the structure decreases. So that at a slope of 10%, the relative distance between the structures was 1.3, the value of the Manning roughness coefficient of the system from dimensionless flow decreased from 0.20 to 0.43 by 30%. By increasing the relative distance between structures at a certain flow rate, the manning roughness coefficient of the structure decreases, which is similar to the effect of the relative distance between structures on the square root of the friction drop coefficient of the structure.Conclusion: In examining the impact trend of the V-fish structure, it was found that dimensionless flow has an inverse effect on the flow friction coefficient and the manning roughness coefficient of the structure. On the other hand, the inverse relationship between landing number and flow friction coefficient, and manning coefficient of the structure was determined. It was found that the relative distance between the structures also has an inverse effect on the flow friction coefficient and the manning coefficient of the structure. The inverse effect of the Reynolds number on current resistance parameters was also extracted. The best condition of the fish road structure with v-shaped overflow occurs in the relative distance between the 1.3 and 10% slope structures.
Ahadiyan, J., Galedar Shoshtari, Z., Sajady, S. M., And Mohammadian, T. (2018). The effect of the asymmetrical W shaped weir as a barrier on the hydraulic properties of culverts. Amirkabir J. Civil Eng., 50(3) (2018) 543-556. DOI: 10.22060/ceej.2017.12609.5234. [in Persian]
Chanson, H., and Uys, H. (2016). Baffle designs to facilitate fish passage in box culverts: a preliminary study. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Portland, Oregon, USA, 27-30 June 2016.
Devkota, J. P., Baral, D., Rayamajhi, B., and Tritico, H. M. (2012). Variation in Manning’s roughness coefficient with diameter, discharge and slope in partially filled HDPE culverts. World Environmental and Water ResouRes Congress 2012: Crossing Boundaries, Proc., 2012 Congress, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1716–1726.
Duguay, J., and R. W. J. Lacey. (2015). Effect of fish baffles on the hydraulic roughness of slip-lined culverts. J. Hydraul. Eng. 141 (1): 04014065. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000942.
Engelp,. (1974). Fish passage facilities for culverts of the Mackenzie Highway. Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ont.
Feurich, R., Boubee, J., and Olsen, N. R. B. (2012). “Improvement of fish passage in culverts using CFD.”Ecol. Eng., 47(10), 1–8.
Haro, A., Castro-Santos, T., Noreika, J., and Odeh, M. (2004). Swimming performance of upstream migrant fishes in open-channel flow: A new approach to predicting passage through velocity barriers. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 61(9), 1590–1601.
Katopodis, C., and Gervais, R. (2012). Ecohydraulic analysis of fish fatigue data. J. River Research and Applications., 28(4), 444–456.
Lashkar-Ara, B., Ghalavand, F., and Zakermoshfegh, B. (2016). Environmental Evaluation of Denil Type Fishway. J. Water Resources Engineering. [in Persian]
Mahmoudian, Z., Baharvand, S., and Lashkar-Ara, B. (2018). Investigating the Flow Pattern in Baffle Fishway Denil Type. J. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering. Vol. 42, No. 3, Fall 2019, p. 179-196. DOI: 10.22055/jise.2019.23693.1689. [in Persian]
Mckinlewy,. R., and Weeb,R. C. (1956). A proposed correction of migratory fish problems at box culverts. Research Papers 1(4), Washington Department of Fisheries, Washington, DC.
Morrison, R. R., Thurman, D., Compton, A. F., Hotchkiss, R. H., & Horner-Devine, A. R. (2006). Turbulence Characteristics of Flow in a Culvert with Sloped-weir Baffles. In World Environmental and Water Resource Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns (pp. 1-10).Olsen, A., and Tullis, B. (2013). Laboratory study of fish passage and discharge capacity in sliplined, baffled culverts.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000697, 424–432.
Park, S. Y., Choi, J. W., Yoon, B. M., & Kim, S. J. (2008). A Study on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Culvert Fishway with Offset Baffles and Fish Passage Effect. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 41(1), 75-85.
Rajaratnam, N., Fairbairn, M. A., & Katopodis, C. (1986). Experimental Study of Culvert Fishways.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Fairbairn, M. A. (1990). Hydraulics of culvert fishways V: Alberta fish weirs and baffles. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 17, 1015–1021.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Lodewyk, S. (1988). Hydraulics of offset baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 15, 1043–1051.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Lodewyk, S. (1991). Hydraulics of culvert fishways IV: Spoiler baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 18, 76 – 82.
Rajaratnam, N., Van der Vinne, G., and Katopodis, C. (1986). Hydraulics of vertical slot fishways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 112(10), 909-927.
Rajaratnam, N., & Katopodis, C. (1989). An Experimental Study of the Flow Entrance Region of Culvert Fishways.
Rayamajhi, B., Vasconcelos, J. G., Devkota, J. P., Baral, D., and Tritico, H.M. (2012). Should fish passage through culverts be a concern for Midwest engineers and planners: Determining the percentage of culverts that act as barriers to fish passage in NE Ohio. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1624–1634.
Turman,D.R., and Horner–Dvine, A.R. (2007). Hydrodinamic Regimes and structures in Weir Baffle Culvertand Their influence on juvenile Salmun Passage. u.s Departmet of transportation Federal Hihhway Administation.
Wattsf,. J. 1974. Design of culvert fishways. Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Webb, J. R., and Hotchikiss, R. H. (2008). Culvert Retrofit and Fish passage: at Odds. World Enviromental and Water Resources Congress.
_||_Ahadiyan, J., Galedar Shoshtari, Z., Sajady, S. M., And Mohammadian, T. (2018). The effect of the asymmetrical W shaped weir as a barrier on the hydraulic properties of culverts. Amirkabir J. Civil Eng., 50(3) (2018) 543-556. DOI: 10.22060/ceej.2017.12609.5234. [in Persian]
Chanson, H., and Uys, H. (2016). Baffle designs to facilitate fish passage in box culverts: a preliminary study. 6th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, Portland, Oregon, USA, 27-30 June 2016.
Devkota, J. P., Baral, D., Rayamajhi, B., and Tritico, H. M. (2012). Variation in Manning’s roughness coefficient with diameter, discharge and slope in partially filled HDPE culverts. World Environmental and Water ResouRes Congress 2012: Crossing Boundaries, Proc., 2012 Congress, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1716–1726.
Duguay, J., and R. W. J. Lacey. (2015). Effect of fish baffles on the hydraulic roughness of slip-lined culverts. J. Hydraul. Eng. 141 (1): 04014065. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000942.
Engelp,. (1974). Fish passage facilities for culverts of the Mackenzie Highway. Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ont.
Feurich, R., Boubee, J., and Olsen, N. R. B. (2012). “Improvement of fish passage in culverts using CFD.”Ecol. Eng., 47(10), 1–8.
Haro, A., Castro-Santos, T., Noreika, J., and Odeh, M. (2004). Swimming performance of upstream migrant fishes in open-channel flow: A new approach to predicting passage through velocity barriers. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 61(9), 1590–1601.
Katopodis, C., and Gervais, R. (2012). Ecohydraulic analysis of fish fatigue data. J. River Research and Applications., 28(4), 444–456.
Lashkar-Ara, B., Ghalavand, F., and Zakermoshfegh, B. (2016). Environmental Evaluation of Denil Type Fishway. J. Water Resources Engineering. [in Persian]
Mahmoudian, Z., Baharvand, S., and Lashkar-Ara, B. (2018). Investigating the Flow Pattern in Baffle Fishway Denil Type. J. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering. Vol. 42, No. 3, Fall 2019, p. 179-196. DOI: 10.22055/jise.2019.23693.1689. [in Persian]
Mckinlewy,. R., and Weeb,R. C. (1956). A proposed correction of migratory fish problems at box culverts. Research Papers 1(4), Washington Department of Fisheries, Washington, DC.
Morrison, R. R., Thurman, D., Compton, A. F., Hotchkiss, R. H., & Horner-Devine, A. R. (2006). Turbulence Characteristics of Flow in a Culvert with Sloped-weir Baffles. In World Environmental and Water Resource Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns (pp. 1-10).Olsen, A., and Tullis, B. (2013). Laboratory study of fish passage and discharge capacity in sliplined, baffled culverts.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000697, 424–432.
Park, S. Y., Choi, J. W., Yoon, B. M., & Kim, S. J. (2008). A Study on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Culvert Fishway with Offset Baffles and Fish Passage Effect. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 41(1), 75-85.
Rajaratnam, N., Fairbairn, M. A., & Katopodis, C. (1986). Experimental Study of Culvert Fishways.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Fairbairn, M. A. (1990). Hydraulics of culvert fishways V: Alberta fish weirs and baffles. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 17, 1015–1021.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Lodewyk, S. (1988). Hydraulics of offset baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 15, 1043–1051.
Rajaratnam, N., Katopodis, C., and Lodewyk, S. (1991). Hydraulics of culvert fishways IV: Spoiler baffle culvert fishways. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering., 18, 76 – 82.
Rajaratnam, N., Van der Vinne, G., and Katopodis, C. (1986). Hydraulics of vertical slot fishways. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 112(10), 909-927.
Rajaratnam, N., & Katopodis, C. (1989). An Experimental Study of the Flow Entrance Region of Culvert Fishways.
Rayamajhi, B., Vasconcelos, J. G., Devkota, J. P., Baral, D., and Tritico, H.M. (2012). Should fish passage through culverts be a concern for Midwest engineers and planners: Determining the percentage of culverts that act as barriers to fish passage in NE Ohio. World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1624–1634.
Turman,D.R., and Horner–Dvine, A.R. (2007). Hydrodinamic Regimes and structures in Weir Baffle Culvertand Their influence on juvenile Salmun Passage. u.s Departmet of transportation Federal Hihhway Administation.
Wattsf,. J. 1974. Design of culvert fishways. Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Webb, J. R., and Hotchikiss, R. H. (2008). Culvert Retrofit and Fish passage: at Odds. World Enviromental and Water Resources Congress.