The Effect of Deficit and Salinity of Irrigation Water on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (KSC-500) During Different Growth Stages in Ahwaz Climate
Subject Areas : Irrigation and Drainage
امیر سلطانی محمدی
1
(
گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران.
)
حیدرعلی کشکولی
2
(
گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران.
)
احمد نادری
3
(
گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان.
)
سعید برومندنسب
4
(
گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران.
)
Keywords: Maize, ذرت, deficit irrigation, مراحل رشد, growth stages, Salinity of irrigation water, شوری آب آبیاری, کم‌آبیاری,
Abstract :
This research was carried out to study the effect of deficit irrigation and saline water on yield and yield components of maize (KSC-500) during different growth stages for Ahwaz climatic condition in the farming years 2010-2011. This research performed in three independent experiments according to a randomized complete block design with split plot layout in three levels of irrigation water and three levels of saline water during three growth stages: vegetative (Experiment 1), flowering (Experiment 2) and after flowering (Experiment 3). Irrigation water treatments were I1=100, I2= 75 and I3=50 % of crop water requirement and saline water treatments were S1=Karoon river water, S2=S1+1 and S3=S1+2dS m-1. The results of this study showed that the interaction of deficit and salinity irrigation water did not have any significant effect on factors (number of seeds per ear, 100-grains weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index) during all experiments but those factors decreased with increasing water and salinity stress. A maximum grain yield obtained from I2 in experiment 1 with 5.2 ton ha-1. A maximum GY obtained from I1 in other experiments with 5.8 and 6.2 ton ha-1 in experiment 1 and 2, respectively. Also, a maximum GY obtained from S1 in all experiments with 5.3, 5.5 and 6.7 ton ha-1 for experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. After the flowering stage was the most sensitive growth stage to water deficit and salinity stress.
- امداد، م. ر. و فرداد، ح. (1379). اثر تنش شوری (NaCl) و رطوبتی بر عملکرد ذرت. مجله علوم کشاورزی ایران، جلد 31، شماره 3، ص 654-641.
- دهقان، ا. و نادری، ا. (1386). ارزیابی تحمل به شوری در سه رقم ذرت دانهای. مجله علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. جلد یازدهم، شماره 41، ص 283-275.
- سیلسپور، م.، جعفری، پ. و ملاحسینی، ح. (1385). مطالعه اثرات تراکم بوته و تنش خشکی در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات زراعی ذرت (KSC-301). مجله پژوهش در علوم کشاورزی، جلد 2، شماره 2، ص 24-13.
- کریمی، ا.، همائی، م.، معز اردلان، م.، لیاقت، ع. م. و رئیسی، ف. (1385). اثرکود- آبیاری بر عملکرد و کارآیی مصرف آب در ذرت به روش آبیاری قطره ای- خطی. مجله علمی پژوهشی علوم کشاورزی، جلد 12، شماره 3، ص 575-561.
- Abo-El-Kheir, M.S.A and Mekki, B. B. (2007). Response of maize cross–10 to water deficits during silking and grain filling stages. World journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3 (3), pp. 269 – 272.
- Blanco, F. F., Folegatti, M. V., Gheyi, H. R and Fernandes, P. D. (2008). Growth and yield of corn irrigated with saline water. Science Agriculture, 65 (6), pp. 574-580.
- Calir, R. (2004). Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Research, 89 (1), pp. 1-16.
- Cicek, N and Husnu, C. (2002). The effect of salinity on some physiological parameters in two maize cultivars. Journal of Plant Physiology, 28 (1–2), pp. 66–74.
- Farre, I and Faci, J. M. (2009). Deficit irrigation in maize for reducing agricultural water use in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 96,pp. 383–394.
- Henggeler, J. C. (2004). The conjuctive use of salin irrigation water on deficit irrigation. Ph. D Dissertation, Texas University.
- Pandy, R. K and Maranvill, J. W. (2000). Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on maize in a Sahelian environment II. Shoot growth, nitrogen uptake and water extraction. Agricultural Water Management, 46 (1), pp. 15-27.
- Pessarakli, M. (1989). Dry matter yield, Nitrogen Absorption and water uptake by sweet corn under salt stress. Journal of Plant Nutrient, 12 (3), pp. 279 – 290.
- Sajedi, N. A., Ardakani, M. R., Naderi, A., Madani, H and Mashhadi Akbar Boojar, M. (2009). Response of maize to nutrients foliar application under water deficit stress conditions. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 4 (3), pp. 242-248.
- Stone, P. J., Wilson, D. R., Beid, J. B and Gillespie, R. N. (2001). Water deficit effects on sweet corn, I: water use, radiation use efficiency, growth, and yield. Journal of Agriculture Research, 52,pp. 103–113.
- Turan, M. A., Awad Elkarim, A. H., Taban, N and Taban, S. (2009). Effect of salt stress on growth, stomatal resistance, proline and chlorophyll concentrations on maize plant. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 4 (9), pp. 893 – 897.