آنتی بیوتیک‌ها، مسیرهای انتشار و روش‌های نوین حذف آنها از محیط‌های آبی

محورهای موضوعی : Business Administration and Entrepreneurship

فاطمه کارگر ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران)
اکرم بمانی ² (دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران)
محمد حسین صیادی ³ (دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران)
نجمه احمدپور ⁴ (دانش آموخته دکتری رشته محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/11/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/07/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/02/01

کلید واژه: آنتی‌بیوتیک, آلاینده‌های نوظهور, لجن فعال, اکسیداسیون‌های پیشرفته, تصفیه آب,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه: در سال‌های اخیر مصرف آنتی‌بیوتیک ها به علت مصارف بهداشتی در ارتباط با سلامت انسان و دام به‌طور قابل توجهی در سراسر جهان افزایش یافته است. حضور این ترکیبات حتی در مقادیر بسیار کم نیز می تواند اثرات نامطلوبی بر محیط‎زیست و موجودات زنده داشته باشد. هدف از این مطالعه مروری بر فناوری‌های مختلف برای حذف آنتی بیوتیک‌ها از محیط‌های آبی با تاکید بر فن‌آوری های جدید می باشد.

مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه مروری برای دستیابی به مطالب به‌روز و معتبر از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و مقالات موجود در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Google Scholar، Science direct، Springer، Scopus، Elsevier و PubMed کمک گرفته شد

نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که سیستم‌های بیوراکتور غشایی در بین روش‌های بیولوژیکی علی‌رغم هزینه بالا به‌سبب استفاده از فیلتراسیون، پساب با کیفیت‌تری تولید می کنند و نسبت به سایر سیستم‌های تصفیه بیولوژیکی موثرتر هستند. همچنین بررسی روش‌های بیولوژیکی نشان داد که راندمان حذف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها از 40 تا 95 درصد متغیر بود. روش‌های اکسیداسیون پیشرفته در سال‌های اخیر گزینه مناسبی برای حذف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها هستند که قادر به حذف کامل آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها می‌باشند، همچنین فناوری ارزان و دوستدار محیط زیست می‌باشند.

نتیجه گیری: در این بررسی، تعدادی از فناوری‌های تصفیه آلاینده‌های آنتی بیوتیکی و مزایا و معایب آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نشان داد که فناوری‌های بیولوژیکی و فیزیکو شیمیایی خصوصا فرآیندهای اکسیداسیون پیشرفته قادر به حذف آلاینده‌های دارویی می‌باشند. اگرچه کاتالیزورهای نوری با موفقیت برای تصفیه فاضلاب در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی توسعه یافته‌اند، اما نیازمند تحقیقات گسترده‌تری تا تجاری‌سازی از این فرآیندها صورت می‌باشد

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract
Introduction: In recent years, the consumption of antibiotics has increased significantly all over the world due to health reasons related to human and animal health. The presence of these compounds even in very small amounts causes adverse effects on the environment and living organisms. The purpose of this study is to review different technologies for removing antibiotics from aquatic environments with an emphasis on new technologies.
Methods: In this study, a review of library studies and articles in the Google Scholar, Science Direct, Springer, Scopus, Elsevier, and PubMed databases are used to obtain up-to-date and valid content.
Findings: The results showed that membrane bioreactor systems among biological methods, despite the high cost due to the use of filtration, produce higher quality wastewater and are more effective than other biological treatment systems. Also, the investigation of biological methods showed that the efficiency of removing antibiotics varied from 40 to 95 percent. In recent years, advanced oxidation methods are a suitable option for removing antibiotics, which can completely remove antibiotics, and are also a cheap and environmentally friendly technology. In this study, several antibiotic pollutant purification technologies and their advantages and disadvantages were examined and it was shown that biological and physicochemical technologies, especially advanced oxidation processes, are capable of removing pollutants. They are medicinal. Although photo catalysts have been successfully developed for wastewater treatment on a laboratory scale, more extensive research is needed before the commercialization of these processes.

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