تحلیل رابطه بین تولید رواناب و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک

محورهای موضوعی : مقالات برگرفته از پایان نامه

حمزه سعیدیان ¹ (استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات حافظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/06/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/11/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/11/01

کلید واژه: رطوبت, کوه گچ, رس, تولید رواناب,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده
مقدمه: خاک فاکتوری مهم و مؤثر در پیدایش و شکل‌گیری هر اکوسیستم طبیعی است و خواص فیزیکی خاک در تعیین خصوصیات و کاربرد آن، دارای اهمیت قابل ملاحظه‌ای است. خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک دارای اثرات قابل توجهی در تولید رواناب حوزه ­های آبخیز با شرایط مختلف می­باشند.
روش­: در این تحقیق به منظور تعیین نوع ارتباط بین تولید رواناب و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک در کاربری­ه ای مختلف نهشته­ های سازند گچساران، بخشی از حوزه آبخیز کوه گچ شهرستان ایذه با مساحت 1202 هکتار انتخاب گردید. سپس نمونه ­برداری تولید رواناب در 6 نقطه و با 3 تکرار و در شدت­های مختلف بارش 45، 60 و 75 میلی­متر در ساعت در سه کاربری مرتع، منطقه مسکونی و اراضی کشاورزی به کمک دستگاه شبیه ساز باران انجام شد و به همین تعداد نمونه­ برداری رواناب، نمونه ­برداری از خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک مانند رس، سیلت، شن، ماسه خیلی ریز و درصد رطوبت انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق تعیین رابطه بین رواناب تولیدی و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک در کاربری­های مختلف سازند گچساران به کمک رگرسیون تک متغیره انجام گرفت.
یافته­ ها: خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک در شدت های مختلف بارش نقش فوق العاده پیچیده ای را در تولید رواناب دارد که لازم است که بیشتر مورد توجه محققان مختلف قرار گیرند.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج نشان داد که در مجموع در سازند گچساران و در هر سه کاربری مرتع، کشاورزی و مسکونی و در هر سه شدت 45، 60 و 75 میلی متر در ساعت، ماسه خیلی ریز و رطوبت بیشترین رابطه منفی را با تولید رواناب از خود نشان دادند و سیلت نیز بیشترین رابطه مثبت را با تولید رواناب از خود نشان داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract
Introduction: Soil is an important and effective factor in the emergence and formation of any natural ecosystem and the physical properties of the soil are of considerable importance in determining the characteristics and use of soil. Soil physical properties as part of soil variables have significant effects on runoff production in different watersheds.
Methods: In this study, in order to determine the type of relationship between runoff production and physical properties of soil in different land uses of Gachsaran Formation deposits, a part of Kuhe Gach watershed of the Izeh city with an area of ​​1202 hectares was selected. Then, sampling of runoff production at 6 points with 3 replicates and at different rainfall intensities of 45, 60 and 70 mm/hour in three land uses of the range, residential area and agricultural lands with the help of the rain simulator was done. And the same number of runoff sampling, sampling of physical properties of soil such as clay, silt, sand, very fine sand and moisture content was performed. In this study, the relationship between production runoff and soil physical properties in different uses of Gachsaran Formation was determined using univariate regression. SPSS and EXCEL software were used for statistical analysis.
 Findings: The results showed that in total, in Gachsaran Formation and in all three range, agricultural and residential land uses and in all three intensities of 45, 60 and 75 mm/hour, very fine sand and moisture were showed the highest of negative relationship with runoff production and silt was showed the highest of positive relationship with runoff production.
 

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