اثرسطوح توازن کاتیون آنیون و پروتئین جیره بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های بیوشیمیائی و هماتولوژی خون جوجه‌‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمائی
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش های بالینی دام های بزرگ
کلید واژه: پروتئین, الکترولیت, جوجه‌‌های گوشتی, فراسنجه‌های بیوشیمیائی, تنش گرمائی,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف پروتئین و توازن کاتیون آنیون در جیره‌‌های غذایی جوجه‌‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمائی به روش فاکتوریل 3×3 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار برای هر تیمار (486 قطعه جوجه‌گوشتی سویه راس) به مدت 42 روز بر عملکرد و فراسنجه های بیوشیمیائی خون انجام گردید. نه جیره حاوی سه سطح پروتئین مطابق با NRC، 90% و 80% مقدار مورد نیاز، و سه سطح الکترولیت ((DEB 200، 260 و 320 میلی اکی والان بر کیلوگرم بر اساس توصیه انجمن تحقیقات ملی آمریکا مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. پرندگان روزانه 8 ساعت از ساعت 10 صبح تا 18 عصر تحت تنش گرمائی (0C 3±34) قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که سطوح مختلف توازن الکترولیت موجب تغییر معنی دار در افزایش وزن در دوره آغازین شده و جیره غذائی حاوی DEB 260 میلی اکی والان بر کیلوگرم و پروتئین متوسط بیشترین افزایش وزن را نشان دادند(05/0p<). در دوره رشد و کل دوره افزایش وزن و خوراک مصرفی به طور معنی داری در DEB 260 در مقایسه با DEB 200 افزایش یافت(05/0p<). سطوح مختلف پروتئین تغییر معنی داری در صفت افزایش وزن و خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل غذائی در دوره های آزمایش ایجاد نکرد. سطح الکترولیت و پروتئین تاثیر معنی داری بر غلظت کلسترول، تری گلیسرید، پروتئین تام، آلبومین، پتاسیم وسدیم نداشت. گروه های مختلف آزمایش تاثیر معنی داری بر فراسنجه های هماتولوژی خون شامل هموگلوبین، هماتوکریت، هتروفیل، لنفوسیت، منوسیت، شمارش گلبولهای سفید نداشت. غلظت کلر خون در اثر افزایشDEB کاهش معنی داری نشان داد (05/0p<). در نتیجه در جوجه های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمائی سطح الکترولیت 260 و پروتئین متوسط پیشنهاد می شود.
This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of protein and electrolyte balance (DEB) on performance, biochemical and haematological parameters in Ross (308) broiler exposed to heat stress. In this experiment, 486, one-day old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with a 3×3 factorial arrangement with 3 replicate for a treatment. The diets were formulated according to NRC (1994) recommendation with protein levels (100, 90 and 80% of NRC recommendations) and electrolyte balance (200, 260 and 320 meq/kg). The birds were exposed to heat stress (34±30C) for 8 hours/day (10:00 to 18:00). The results of experiment indicated that body weight gain was significantly different in starter and in broilers fed containing 260 meq/kg DEB and protein (90%) were significantly higher than those fed other levels of DEB and protein, in all periods (starter, grower and total period). In comparison to 200 DEB, the level of 260 DEB increased body weight gain and feed intake in all periods (p<0.05). Dietary protein levels had no significant effect on body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Dietary DEB and protein had no significant effect on cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium. The experimental groups did not affect on Haemoglobolin, Haematocrit, hetrophyl, lymphocyte, monocyt and White blood cells counts. The concentration of chlorine was decreased by increasing DEB (p<0.05). As a result, using of DEB 260 meq/kg and medium protein level (90% NRC) for broilers exposed to heat stress is recommended.
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