اثر مکمل یاری با سیر خوراکی (Allium sativum) بر میزان تغییرات سطح سرمی لیپیدها و لیپوپروتئین ها در موشهای صحرایی نر تغذیه شده با کلسترول
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش های بالینی دام های بزرگ
کلید واژه: موش صحرایی, هیپرکلسترولمی, LDL, HDL, TG, مکمل یاری سیر,
چکیده مقاله :
مشخص شده است که مصرف آنتی اکسیدانها هیپرکلسترولمی را کاهش می دهد. فواید میوه‌جات و سبزیجات به طور گسترده‌ای شناخته شده است. سیر باعث اصلاح متابولیسم لیپید و همچنین لیپوپروتئین با دانسیتة پائین و تری گلیسیرید و کلسترول سرم می‌شود. همچنین سیر سبب کاهش استرس اکسیداتیو از طریق افزایش آنتی اکسیدان تام سرمی می‌گردد. این مطالعه به بررسی اثر مکمل یاری با سیر بر میزان لیپیدهای خون در موشهای صحرایی نر تغذیه شده با کلسترول بالا می‌پردازد. در مطالعه حاضر، 3 گروه موش صحرایی نر مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. گروه کنترل، جیره پایه و دو گروه مورد آزمایش، جیره حاوی کلسترول 2 درصد دریافت کردند، بطوریکه یک گروه فقط کلسترول 2 درصد (Chol) و گروه بعدی سیر (20 درصد وزن خشک جیره) به مدت یک ماه دریافت کردند. سپس غلظت سرمی TC، LDL ، HDL و TG تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که در موشهای گروه Chol در مقایسه با گروه کنترل به غیر از HDL بقیه لیپیدها افزایش معنی‌دار داشتند. مکمل یاری با سیر غلظت TC، LDL و TG را به طور معنی‌داری نسبت به گروه Chol کاهش داد. البته صحت این موضوع در انسان نیاز به بررسی‌های بیشتری دارد.
Several evidences suggest that antioxidants consumption decreased hypercholesterolemia. The health benefits of fruits and legumes are now widely recognized. Garlic improved plasma lipid metabolism and low density lipoprotein , cholesterol and glyceride and total cholesterol, thus use of diet with garlic was effective in reducing the oxidative stress, and witch was indicated by on increase of antioxidant activity. In this study, we considered effect of garlic supplementation on blood lipid level in cholesterol-fed male rat. In this study, three male rat groups were used. Control group consumed chow (basic) diet and two groups were fed two percent cholesterol in diet. One group consumed two present cholesterol-fed (Chol) only, and next group consumed garlic (20%) for one month. After one month, TC, LDL, TG and HDL serum concentrations were measured. In Chol group TC, LDL and TG (but not HDL) concentrations significantly increased compared with control group. Supplementation of garlic decreased TC, LDL and TG concentrations compared with Chol group. However, these properties are needed to be more investigated in human.
1- Anonymous, (2001): Executive summary of the third report of national cholesterol education program (NCEP) Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). Journal of American Medical Associotion. 285:2486-2497.
2- Dennehy, C.E., (2004): Botanicals (herbal medications) & nutritional supplements. In: Katzung, B.G. Basic and clinical pharmacology. Ninth edition, International Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, p: 1080.
3- Devlin, T.M., (1991): Text book of biochemistry with clinical correlations, third edition, New York, John Wiley, pp:256-258.
4- Duda, G., Suliburska, J., Pupek-Musialik, D., (2008): Effects of short-term garlic supplementation on lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in hypertensive adults. Pharmacologocal Reports. 60(2):163-70.
5- El-Beshbishy, H.A., (2008): Aqueous garlic extract attenuates hepatitis and oxidative stress induced by galactosamine/lipoploysaccharide in rats. Phytotherial Resaerch. 22 (10): 1372-9.
6- El Shenawy, N.S., Soliman, M.F., Reyad, S.I., (2008): The effect of antioxidant properties of aqueous garlic extract and Nigella sativa as anti-schistosomiasis agents in mice. Review of Instration Medical Tropical Sao Paulo. 50(1):29-36.
7- Friedwald, W.T., Levy, R.I., Fredrickson, D.S., (1992): Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without use of preparative ultracentrifuge. Clinical Chemistry. 18:499-502.
8- Gardner, C.D., Lawson, L.D., Block, E., Chatterjee, L.M., Kiazand, A., Balise, R.R., Kraemer, H.C., (2007): Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trialogy. Arch Intern Med. 167(4):346-53.
9- Gorinstein, S., Bartnikowska, E., Kulasek, G., Zemser, M., Trakhtenberg, S., (1998): Dietary persimmon improves lipid metabolism in Rats fed diets containing cholesterol. Journal of Nutrition. 128:2023-2027.
10- Gorinstein, S., Jastrzebski, Z., Namiesnik, J., Leontowicz, H., Leontowicz, M., Trakhtenberg, S., (2007): The atherosclerotic heart disease and protecting properties of garlic: contemporary data. Nutrition of Food Research. 51(11):1365-81.
11- Gorinstein, S., Leontowicz, H., Leontowicz, M., Drzewiecki, J., Najman, K., Katrich, E., Barasch, D., Yamamoto, K., Trakhtenberg, S., (2006): Raw and boiled garlic enhances plasma antioxidant activity and improves plasma lipid metabolism in cholesterol-fed rats. Life Science. 78(6): 655-63.
12- Grundy, S.M., Denke, M.A., (1990): Dietary influences on serum lipids and lipoproteins. Journal of Lipid Research 31:1149-1172.
13- Jastrzebski, Z., Leontowicz, H., Leontowicz, M., Namiesnik, J., Zachwieja, Z., Barton, H., Pawelzik, E., Arancibia-Avila, P., Toledo, F., Gorinstein, S., (2007): The bioactivity of processed garlic (Allium sativum L.) as shown in vitro and in vivo studies on Food Chemistry Toxicology. 45 (9): 1626- 33.
14- Kojuri, J., Vosoughi, A.R., Akrami, M., (2007): Effects of anethum graveolens and garlic on lipid profile in hyperlipidemic patients. Lipids Health Dis. 6:5.
15- Kothapa, N., Chetty, A., Le Shanna Calahan, A., Katrina, C., (2003): Garlic attenuates hypercholesterolemic risk factors in olive oil fed rats and high cholesterol fed rats. Pathophysiology. 9:127-132.
16- Kuo, C.F., Jao, Y.C., Yang, P., (2008): Downregulation of hepatic lipoprotein assembly in rats by fermented products of Monascus pilosus. Nutrition. 24(5):477-83.
17- Luis, D.A., Aller, R., (2008): Garlic and cardiovascular risk. American Medical Internation. 25(5):237-40.
18- Mahmoodi, M., Islami, M.R., Asadi Karam, G. R., Khaksari, M., Sahebghadam Lotfi, A., Hajizadeh, M.R., Mirzaee, M.R., (2006): Study of the effects of raw garlic consumption on the level of lipids and other blood biochemical factors in hyperlipidemic individuals. Pakestan Journal of Pharmalocology Science. 19(4): 295-8.
19- Malloy, M.J., Kane, J.P., (2004): Agents used in hyperlipidemia. In: Katzung BG. Basic and clinical pharmacology. Ninth edition, International Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, pp:561-575.
20- Mathew, B.C., Prasad, N.V., Praboch, R., (2004): Cholesterol-lowering effect of organosulphur compounds from garlic: a possible mechanism of action. KathmanduUniversity Medical Journal (KIJMJ). 2(2): 100-102.
21- Mehrzia, M., Ferid, L., Mohamed, A., Ezzedine, A., (2006): Acute effects of a partially purified fraction from garlic on plasma glucose and cholesterol levels in rats: putative involvement of nitric oxide. Indian Journal of Biochemistry Biophysiology. 43(6):386-90.
22- Ong, H.T., Cheah, J.S., (2008): Statin alternatives or just placebo: an objective review of omega-3, red yeast rice and garlic in cardiovascular therapeutics. Chinese Medical Journal (Engl). 121(16):1588-94.
23- Rice, R.P., Rice, L.W., Tindall, H.D., (1994): Fruit and vegetable production in warm climates. The Macmillan Press Ltd. London, England.
24- Ross, R., (1993): The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s. England Journal Medical. 362:801-809.
25- Sobenin, I.A., Nedosugova, L.V., Filatova, L.V., Balabolkin, M.I., Gorchakova, T.V., Orekhov, A.N., (2008): Metabolic effects of time-released garlic powder tablets in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the results of double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Acta Diabetology. 45(1):1-6.
26- Tsuchiya, H., Nagayama, M., (2008): Garlic allyl derivatives interact with membrane lipids to modify the membrane fluidity. Journal of Biomedical Science 15(5):653-60.
27- van Doorn, M.B., Espirito Santo, S.M., Meijer, P., Kamerling, I.M., Schoemaker, R.C., Dirsch, V., Vollmar, A., Haffner, T., Gebhardt, R., Cohen, A.F., Princen, H.M., Burggraaf, J., (2006): Effect of garlic powder on C-reactive protein and plasma lipids in overweight and smoking subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 84(6):1324-9.
28- Vaskonen, T., Mervaala, E., Krogerus, L., Karppanen, H., (2002): Supplementation of plant sterols and Minerals Benefits obese Zucker Rats fed on Atherogenic diet. J Nutr. 132:231-237.
29- Verschuren, W.M., Jacobs, D.R., Bloemberg, B.P., Kromhout, D., Menotti, A., AraVanis, C., Blackbum, H., Buzina, R., Dontas, A.S., Fidanz, F., (1995): Serum total cholesterol and long-term coronary heart disease mortality in different cultures. Twenty-five-year follow-up of the seven countries study. Journal of American Medical Association. 274:131-136.
_||_