ساخت، اعتباریابی، رواسازی، و هنجاریابی مقیاس رفتاراخلاقی در میان نوجوانان
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش
ارزو دلفان بیرانوند
1
(دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران)
خسرو رشید
2
(دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.)
کلید واژه: اخلاق, نوجوانان, مقیاس رفتار اخلاقی, هنجاریابی, رفتار اخلاقی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه و هدف: این پژوهش با هدف ساخت، اعتباریابی، رواسازی و هنجاریابی مقیاس رفتار اخلاقی در میان نوجوانان انجام شد. روش‌شناسی پژوهش: پژوهش در دو مرحله انجام شد. در مرحله نخست (بخش کیفی)، ابتدا منابع و مبانی نظری موجود در زمینه ی رفتارهای اخلاقی با روش تحلیل محتوا بررسی و مقوله بندی شدند. در مرحله دوم (بخش کمّی)، براساس کدگذاری اطلاعات حاصل از بررسی منابع، یک مقیاس 35 گویه ای برای اندازه گیری2 عامل شناسایی شده ی رفتارهای سلبی و ایجابی ساخته شد. در این مرحله روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری شامل کلیه نوجوانان شهر همدان در سال تحصیلی 1400-1401 بود. اندازه نمونه شامل تعداد 1093 نفر بودند که به شیوه نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند و مقیاس پژوهشگر ساخته را تکمیل کردند. برای بررسی روایی ابزار از روش های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، روایی محتوایی، و روایی همزمان و برای بررسی پایایی آن از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ سود برده شد. یافته ها: نتایج تحلیل عامل اکتشافی، مؤلفه ی رفتارهای سلبی و ایجابی را به عنوان2 عامل مقیاس نشان داد. ضریب پایایی ابزار با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای کل مقیاس862/0، و برای زیر مقیاس های رفتارهای ایجابی و رفتارهای سلبی به ترتیب 918/0، 920/0 به دست آمد. همچنین اطلاعات هنجاری این مقیاس گزارش شده است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر پایه یافته های پژوهش می توان گفت که مقیاس رفتار اخلاقی از روایی و پایایی مناسبی برخوردار است و می تواند در تمام سازمان ها به کار برده شود.
Introduction: This study was conducted with the aim of developing, validation, reliability, and normalization of moral behavior scale among adolescents. Research Methodology: The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase (qualitative part), the existing theoretical foundations of moral behaviors were studied and categorized by the use of the content analysis method. In the second phase (the quantitative part), based on the findings of content analysis, a 35-items scale was developed to measure two identified factors called negative and positive behaviors. The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population included all adolescents of Hamedan in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample size included 1093 people who were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they completed the researcher-made scale. To examine the validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis, content validity method, and concurrent validity, and to investigate the reliability of the scale Cronbach alpha were used. Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis specified 2 factors named negative and positive behaviors.The estimated Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients for the whole scale was 0.862, and subscales of negative and positive behaviors were 0.918, 0.920 respectively. Normative information of this scale is also reported. Conclusion: According to the results, moral behavior scale has suitable validity and reliability, and can be used in various organizations.
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