مطالعه و تحلیل اثر اضافه ولتاژ القایی حاصل از برخورد مستقیم صاعقه بر روی توربین بادی با خاک دو لایه ناهمگن و الکترودهایی با چیدمان مربعی

محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر

حسین ملک پور ¹ (گروه مهندسی برق، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اراک؛ اراک، ایران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/12/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/02/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/12/29

کلید واژه: توربین بادی, جریان صاعقه, سیستم زمین, خاک دو لایه با الکترود, اضافه ولتاژ القایی,

چکیده مقاله :

با توجه به موقعیت قرارگیری توربین¬های بادی و شکل و ساختار آن¬ها، برخورد رعد و برق به توربین¬های بادی باعث خسارات اقتصادی جدی و خطرات امنیتی می¬شود. طراحی سیستم زمین توربین¬های بادی برای ایمنی پرسنل و حفاظت از تجهیزات الکتریکی بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه، اثر برخورد مستقیم صاعقه بر روی اجزای توربین بادی با سیستم زمین خاک دو لایه متفاوت با الکترودهایی بصورت مربعی شبیه سازی و تحلیل شده است. خاک ساده شامل ضریب نفوذ پذیری الکتریکی نسبی 10 و ضریب رسانایی 1/0 می-باشد. در خاک دو لایه، خاک لایه اول دارای ضریب نفوذ پذیری الکتریکی نسبی 10 و رسانایی 1/0 می¬باشد. خاک لایه دوم دارای ضریب نفوذ پذیری الکتریکی نسبی 4 و رسانایی 001/0 است. ابعاد کلی توربین بادی شامل طول پره¬ها 24 متر، طول ناسل 6 متر، عرض و ارتفاع آن 6 متر، و برج توربین بادی از یک مخروط فولادی به ارتفاع 44 متر می¬باشد. نتایج شبیه سازی در نرم افزار تمام موج HFSS بر اساس توزیع میدان¬های ایجاد شده بر روی اجزای توربین بادی حاصل از برخورد مستقیم صاعقه و اثر اضافه ولتاژهای ایجاد شده در فرکانس¬های مختلف بررسی شده است. همچنین، نتایج بدست آمده با توربین بادی شامل سیستم زمین ساده بدون الکترود مقایسه شده است. بر همین اساس می¬توان نتیجه گرفت که آرایش چیدمان الکترود¬ها و مقاومت زمین نقش بسیار مهمی برای طراحی مزرعه توربین بادی و حفاظت آن بر عهده دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Due to the location of wind turbines and their shape and structure, lightning strike to wind turbines causes serious economic losses and security risks. The design of the ground system of wind turbine is very important for the safety of personnel and protection of electrical equipment. In this study, the effect of direct lightning strike on wind turbine components with the ground system of a different two-layer soil with square electrodes has been simulated and analyzed. Simple soil has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 10 and a conductivity coefficient of 0.1. In two-layer soil, the soil of the first layer has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 10 and a conductivity of 0.1. The soil of the second layer has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 4 and a conductivity of 0.001. The overall dimensions of the wind turbine include the length of the blades 24 meters, nacelle length 6 meters, its width and height 6 meters, and the wind turbine tower is made of a steel cone with a height of 44 meters. The simulation results in the full wave HFSS software have been analyzed based on the distribution of the fields created on the wind turbine components resulting from the direct impact of lightning and the effect of overvoltage created at different frequencies. Also, the results obtained with a wind turbine including a simple ground system without electrodes have been compared. Based on this, it can be concluded that the arrangement of the electrodes and the ground resistance plays a very important role for the design of the wind turbine farm and its protection.

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