اثر تغذیه برگی نانوکلات آهن، روی و منگنز بر فلورسانس کلروفیل، غلظت آهن، روی و منگنز دانه و عملکرد دانه سویا

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهی

محمد سعید وقار ¹

1 - استادیار، گروه زراعت، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/01/31 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01

کلید واژه: تغذیه برگی,  تنش خشکی, سویا, منگنز, روی, نانو کلات‌ آهن, فلورسانس کلروفیل, عناصر ریزمغذی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: تنش کم آبی تعادل جذب و انتقال ریزمغذی‌‌ها از ریشه به اندام‌‌های هوایی را مختل می‌کند و تهدید جدی برای محصولات کشاورزی است. این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر محلول‌‌پاشی نانو کلات آهن، روی و منگنز بر شاخص کلروفیل، فلورسانس کلروفیل، غلظت عناصر آهن، روی و منگنز دانه و ارتباط آن‌‌ها با عملکرد دانه سویا انجام شد.مواد و روش‌‌ها: آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات، در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی دو سال متوالی اجرا شد. عامل اصلی رژیم آبیاری در کرت اصلی شامل قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی، غلاف‌دهی، پر شدن دانه و آبیاری کامل و عامل فرعی محلول‌‌پاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد)، آهن، روی، منگنز، آهن+روی، آهن+منگنز، روی+منگنز و آهن+روی+منگنز در کرت‌های فرعی بود.یافته‌‌ها: تنش خشکی عملکرد دانه را به طور معنی‌‌داری کاهش داد که بیشترین کاهش در مرحله غلاف‌دهی (4/31 درصد کاهش نسبت به شاهد) بود. کمترین و بیشترین میزان فلورسانس کلروفیل در اثر تنش در مرحله غلاف‌دهی و آبیاری کامل به دست آمد. تیمارهای آهن و آهن+روی به ترتیب بالاترین فلورسانس کلروفیل و شاخص کلروفیل را داشتند. تیمار شاهد بالاترین و تیمار تنش در مرحله غلاف‌دهی کمترین غلظت آهن، روی و منگنز دانه را دارا بودند.نتیجه‌گیری: محلول‌‌پاشی نانوکلات‌های آهن، روی و منگنز در شرایط کم آبی یک روش کاربردی در جهت کاهش فلورسانس کلروفیل، افزایش محتوای ریزمغذی‌ها در دانه و عملکرد دانه است. تیمار ترکیبی آهن+روی بهترین تیمار بود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Objective: Dehydration stress disrupts the balance of absorption and transfer of micronutrients from roots to aerial organs and is a serious threat to agricultural products. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of iron, zinc and manganese nano chelate spraying on chlorophyll index, chlorophyll fluorescence, concentration of iron, zinc and manganese elements in seeds and their relationship with soybean yield.Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out in the form of a split plot, in the form of a completely randomized block design with three repetitions in two consecutive years. The main factor of the irrigation regime in the main plot includes stopping irrigation at the stage of flowering, podding, seed filling and full irrigation and the secondary factor of spraying with distilled water (control), iron, zinc, manganese, iron + zinc, iron + manganese, zinc + manganese. And iron + zinc + manganese were in sub-plots.Findings: Drought stress significantly reduced grain yield, which was the largest reduction in podding stage (31.4% reduction compared to the control). The lowest and highest amount of chlorophyll fluorescence was obtained due to stress in the stage of podding and full irrigation. Iron and iron + zinc treatments had the highest chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll index, respectively. The control treatment had the highest and the stress treatment had the lowest concentration of iron, zinc and manganese in the seed during the podding stage.Conclusion: Fertilization of iron, zinc and manganese nanochelates in water deficit conditions is a practical method to reduce chlorophyll fluorescence, increase the content of micronutrients in seeds and seed yield. The combined treatment of iron + zinc was the best treatment.

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