ارزیابی پارامترهای ژنتیکی برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های گندم نان تحت تاثیر تیمار پلی اتیلن گلایکول6000 و استفاده از Gt-Bipiot
محورهای موضوعی : تنش های محیطی
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه ژنتیک و بهنژادی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران،
2 - دانش آموخته دکتری علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران
کلید واژه: تنوع ژنتیکی, صفات جوانه زنی, تجزیه خوشه‌ای, پارامترهای ژنتیکی, وراثت پذیری,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی ارتباط فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی میان ویژگی‌های موثر در مرحله جوانه‌زنی در شرایط تنش خشکی، 19 ژنوتیپ گندم نان در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA) نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌داری بین ژنوتیپ‌های مورد ارزیابی از نظر صفات درصد جوانه زنی (GP)، طول کلئوپتیل (KL)، میانگین زمان جوانه زنی (MGT)، ضریب سرعت جوانه زنی (CVG)، میانگین سرعت جوانه زنی (AVG) و شاخص بنیه بذر (SV) در هر دو شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی مشاهده شد که نشان دهنده وجود تنوع ژنتیکی قابل توجه و امکان انتخاب ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل به تنش خشکی است. بر اساس بای پلات به‌دست آمده در آزمون جوانه زنی نیز ژنوتیپ شماره 16 در گروه A قرار گرفت رابطه ژنتیکی مثبت و معنی‌داری میان صفات SV،AVG ، GP و RL مشاهده شد. که با نتایج نمودار GT-biplot مطابقت کامل داشت. وراثت پذیری و پیشرفت ژنتیکی بالا برای AVG،GP و SV مشاهده گردید که این موضوع می‌تواند حاکی از عمل افزایشی ژن‌ها باشد. بر این اساس روش اصلاحی انتخاب برای صفات مورد مطالعه در ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی موثر است. به منظور دسته‌بندی ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه از تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش Ward استفاده شد. که ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه در شرایط تنش اعمال شده و نرمال (شاهد) در سه گروه قرار گرفتند.
In order to investigate phenotypic and genotypic correlations between Characteristics affecting the germination stage and genetic variation and estimating the genetic parameters of these indices in Drought and normal conditions, 19 genotypes of bread wheat were cultivated inCompletely randomized design with three replications in the Laboratories, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding of Agricultural Research Campus Natural Resources of Razi University of Kermanshah, Iran In the germination stage was evaluated. The results of variance analysis (ANOVA) showed significant differences for the Germination Percentage (GP), coleoptile Length (KL), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Cofficent of Velocity of Germination (CVG), Average Velocity of Germination (AVG) and Vigor index (SV) under stress and normal condition indicating. The presence of a considerable genotypic variation and possibility of selection of drought tolerant genotypes. The presence of a considerable genotypic variation and possibility of selection of drought tolerant genotypes. According to the biplot obtained in the laboratory conditions (germination test) genotype (16) was located in group A. A high positive genetic and phenotypic relation was observed between GP, AVG, SV and RL, which is completely in line with results of the relation between traits by GTbiplot. High heritability and genetic gain were observed for GP, AVG and SV that reflect the additive gene action. Accordingly, the selection method for studied traits in examined genotypes effective. Cluster analysis using Ward method, based on the traits, classified the genotypes in three different groups.
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