بررسی رابطه سرمایه انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی اعضای هئیت مدیره و عملکرد مالی شرکت‌ها
محورهای موضوعی : اخلاق و حسابداری
علی نظری ابربکوه
1
(کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حسابداری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
میدیا عزیزی
2
(کارشناسی ارشد، گروه حسابداری، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران)
کلید واژه: سرمایه اجتماعی, سرمایه انسانی, بازده دارایی‌ها, عملکرد مالی شرکت, اعضای هیئت مدیره, نسبت کیوتوبین,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی رابطه سرمایه انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی اعضای هئیت مدیره و عملکرد مالی شرکت‌ها می‌باشد.روش: به منظور اجرای این پژوهش، 163 شرکت پذیرفته‌شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، طی بازه زمانی 1395-1400 انتخاب گردیدند. سرمایه انسانی از چهار جزء سطح تحصیلات، تخصص، تجربه (در صنعت) و اعتبار اعضای هیئت مدیره، و سرمایه اجتماعی از دو جزء خارجی و داخلی تشکیل شده است. عملکرد مالی از طریق دو معیار بازده دارایی‌ها و شاخص کیوتوبین اندازه‌گیری گردیده شد و فرضیه‌ها با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون چندمتغیره و روش حداقل مربعات تعمیم‌یافته آزمون شدند.یافته‌ها: تعداد اعضای متخصص هیئت مدیره، با بازده دارایی دارای رابطه مثبت و معناداری است، در حالی‌که تعداد اعضای متخصص هیئت مدیره، تعداد اعضای دارای تجربه (در صنعت)، سرمایه اجتماعی خارجی و سرمایه اجتماعی داخلی رابطه مثبت و معناداری با کیوتوبین دارند.نتیجه‌گیری: به کارگیری اعضای هیئت مدیره با سرمایه انسانی و سرمایه اجتماعی بالاتر، به ارتقاء ارزش بازار شرکت نسبت به ارزش دفتری شرکت می‌انجامد، که برای بیشینه‌سازی ثروت سهامداران، سودمند خواهد بود.
Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the correlation between board of directors' human social capital and corporate financial performance.Method: To conduct this research, 163 corporations accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2016-2021 were chosen. Human capital is composed of 4 aspects including education, expertise, experience (in industry), and credit of board of directors while social capital consists of two internal and external segments. Financial performance was measured through 2 criterions of return on assets and Tobin's Q ratio and then the hypotheses were tested using multivariate regression and generalized least squares.Findings: There is a significantly positive relation between the number of experts in board of directors and return on assets whereas the number of experts in board of directors, the number of experienced members (in industry), and external/internal social capital have a significantly positive relation with Tobin's Q ratio.Conclusion: Hiring board of directors with higher human and social capital can improve the corporate value that is useful for the maximization of stockholders' wealth.
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