تحلیل کیفیت کالبدی مسکن در محلات متأثر از سیاست‌های نوسازی بافت فرسوده شهری- مورد مطالعه: محله وحیدیه تهران
محورهای موضوعی : شهرسازیراما قلمبردزفولی 1 , سید محمدامین شریفی 2
1 - دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد، گروه برنامه‌ریزی شهرسازی، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
کلید واژه: کیفیت کالبدی, سیاستگذاری, بافت فرسوده, مسکن,
چکیده مقاله :
حوزه مسکن به واسطه ارتباط مستقیم آن با بهره برداران، از مهمترین بخشهای سیاستگذاری شهری به شمار می‌آید. در این میان طرح‌های نوسازی بافت فرسوده از طریق بسته‌های تشویقی، به عنوان الگویی با مزایایی نظیر توجیهات فنی، اقتصادی وزمانی مورد توجه قرار گرفته و واحدهای مسکونی فراوانی نوسازی شده است. اما نکته‌ای که در بررسی نوسازی واحدهای مسکونی در ایران و خصوصاً شهر تهران مشاهده می‌گردد، این است که اهداف کمی (مانند تعداد پروانه های صادره در بافت یا تعداد املاک تجمیع شده)در مقایسه با اهداف کیفی برنامه‌ریزی مسکن در اولویت قرار گرفته‌اند، این مسئله با سنجش شاخص هایی چون سرانه‌ها، اندازه واحد مسکونی، تعداد پارکینگ و... قابل لمس است. در این پژوهش با رویکرد توصیفی تحلیلی سعی شد با بررسی ویژگی‌های کیفی مربوط به تناسبات کالبدی مساکن نوسازی شده در محله وحیدیه- نظام آباد تهران (به عنوان یکی از محلات بافت فرسوده که آمار نوسازی معناداری پس از ابلاغ ضوابط تشویقی بافت فرسوده داشته است) میزان انطباق کیفیت تناسب کالبدی این مساکن با نیاز ساکنان آنها ارزیابی گردد. پس از جمع آوری داده‌ها از طریق ابزار پرسشنامه ( بر گرفته از مدل نظری پژوهش)، تحلیل توصیفی و استنباطی از طریق آزمون‌های آماری انجام پذیرفت. با تحلیل نتایج پرسشنامه مشخص گردید که در وحیدیه تناسب کالبدی واحدهای مسکونی نوساز، نتوانسته سطح انتظار معناداری با رضایتمندی ساکنان داشته باشد. همچنین نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان می‌دهد معیار زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی کمترین رتبه را در بین معیارهای بررسی شده در حوزه تناسب کالبدی داشته است. این معیارها به پایین‌بودن نرخ شاخص هایی چون فضای‌سبز داخل ساختمان‌ها، منظر و فضای سبز محله‌و تناسب قیمت مسکن با شرایط کالبدی ملک در محدوده مورد مطالعه دلالت دارند و اطلاعات عینی نیز این کمبودها را تایید می‌کند. در تعمیم نتایج این پژوهش، اهمیت توجه به ویژگی‌های کیفی مسکن در سیاستگذاری‌های مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی‌شهری، جهت نیل به رضایتمندی ساکنین، برجسته می نماید.
In order to improve the quality of houses in urban deteriorated area, a number of policies, plans and programs have been provided. In this regard,Residential units can be regarded as the physical manifestation of the idea of producing a large number of residential units in cities, especially in urban problematic textures. A point which is observed in the process of creating residential units in Iran, and in particular in Tehran, is that quantitative objectives have been prioritized in comparison with the quality indicators of housing planning, such as residential unit size, number of parking lots and etc... Therefore, this study, tried to evaluate the qualitative correlations of the physical fitness of renovated dwellings in Vahidieh neighborhood of Tehran, to determine the degree of conformity of the physical fitness of these buildings to the needs of their residents. After collecting data and analyzing information, it was found that in Vahidieh neighborhood the physical fitness of residential units could not be adapted to the needs of residents. In this case study, some indicators have had a significant effect on the decline in the quality of physical fitness. According to the results of the research, other factors affecting the reduction of the quality of physical fitness in the neighborhood of Vahidiyeh and its non-compliance with the needs of residents can be the lack of green space in the building and the residential environment, disproportionate cavern, car park margin status due to inadequate parking in renovated buildings, increased number of residential units, Parking, views of the building and residential unit, etc.Therefore, this study, tried to evaluate the qualitative correlations of the physical fitness of renovated dwellings in Vahidieh neighborhood of Tehran, to determine the degree of conformity of the physical fitness of these buildings to the needs of their residents. After collecting data and analyzing information, it was found that in Vahidieh neighborhood the physical fitness of residential units could not be adapted to the needs of residents. The lack of green space, the low width of the roads, increasing population density, increasing the number of residential units, the status of the car park margins and ... are the most important factors in the physical fitness mismatch in the Vahidieh neighborhood.
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