گسترش کارکردی سازمان های منطقه ای؛ مطالعه موردی نفتا
محورهای موضوعی : روابط بین الملل
طه اکرمی
1
(دانشگاه تهران)
احمد صبوری نژاد
2
(دانشجوی دکترای مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
سید داود آقایی
3
(استاد گروه مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: کارکردگرایی, نفتا, حادثه 11 سپتامبر, تئوری شناخت, نو کارکردگرایی, سازمان‌های منطقه ای,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده حادثۀ 11 سپتامبر2001 و پیامدهای ناشی از آن، باعث شد تا تروریسم و ضرورت مقابله با آن به اولویت اول سیاست خارجی آمریکا در نظم جهانی و سازمان‌های منطقه ای ازجمله نفتا تبدیل شود. با توجه به این امر، سؤال اصلی مقاله حاضر این است که ایالات‌متحدۀ آمریکا چگونه کشورهای عضو نفتا را به همراهی در برنامه مقابله با تروریسم متقاعد کرد؟ در پی یافتن پاسخی مناسب برای این پرسش، نویسندگان مقاله با استفاده از "تئوری شناخت" سعی کرده اند صعود مبارزه با تروریسم به صدر برنامه‌های امنیتی نفتا را توصیف و تبیین نمایند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد آمریکا به‌عنوان تنها ابرقدرت نظام بینالملل تلاش کرد تا با ایجاد محرک ها و انگیزه های مختلف، کشورهای عضو نفتا را به همراهی با خود ترغیب نماید. در این راستا، این کشور از دو پایه تفکری "وابستگی تجارت - امنیت" و "امنیت بشر"، برای رسیدن به این هدف بهره جست.
Abstract September 11 event in 2001 and its consequences made terrorism and counterterrorism, the first priority of US foreign policy in world order and regional organizations such as NAFTA. So, the main question of this article is how did US persuade other members of NAFTA to pursue and accompany US plans in its fight against terrorism? To answer this question, authors used “cognition theory” to justify functional expansion of NAFTA from economic issues to security ones. The results indicate that as a hegemon, US tried to create various motivations to persuade other countries to join this fight. To do this, US used two intellectual basis including “trade-security dependency” and “human security”.
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