اثرات غلظت‌های زیر کشنده قارچBeauveria bassiana بر پتانسیلتولید مثل شپشه دندانه‌دار (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) درشرایط تغذیه از ارقام تجاری خرما

محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی

مسعود لطیفیان ¹ ()
ابراهیم سلیمان نژادیان ² ()
مهران غزوی ³ ()
محمد سعید مصدق ⁴ ()
جمشید حیاتی ⁵ ()

تاریخ دریافت : 1390/02/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/12/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1389/12/01

کلید واژه: شپشه دندانه دار, Beauveria bassiana, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, غلظت‌های زیر کشنده, پتانسیل تولید مثل, sawtoothed beetle, Sublethal doses, Reproductive potential,

چکیده مقاله :

یکی از عوامل بیمارگر شپشه دندانه‌دار (Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.) قارچ Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) می‌باشد.در این تحقیق اثر غلظت‌های زیر کشنده عامل بیمارگر بر باروری، میزان تخم‌گذاری و درصد تفریخ تخم شپشه دندانه‌دار در شرایط تغذیه از سه رقم خرمای سایر، زاهدی و دیری در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی گردید. حشرات کامل با 5 غلظت زیر کشنده شامل 102،2 10×5، 103، 103×5،104 اسپور در میلی لیتر تیمار و سپس با شاهد مقایسه شد. غلظت‌های زیر کشنده کاهش دهنده پتانسیل تولید مثل با استفاده از روش لگاریتم– پروبیت در هر رقم مشخص گردید. غلظت‌های مورد آزمایش عامل بیماری دارای اثرات کاهش دهنده در شاخص باروری بود. با افزایش غلظت اثرات تشدیدکنندگی رقم و قارچ بیمارگر بر کاهش نرخ باروری به تدریج بیشتر شد. کم‌ترین و بیشترین غلظت زیر کشنده برای کاهش 50 درصد میزان تخم‌گذاری به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت پرورش یافته روی رقم زاهدی و دیری و معادل 103×497/1 و103×963/4 اسپور در میلی‌لیتر بود. کم‌ترین و بیشترین غلظت زیر کشنده برای کاهش 50 درصد تفریخ تخم به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت پرورش یافته روی رقم زاهدی و سایر و معادل 103×316/6 و 103×28/8 اسپور در میلی‌لیتر بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که غلظت‌های زیرکشنده قارچ B. bassiana دارای اثرات معنی‌داری در کاهش قدرت تولید مثل آفت بوده‌اند. توانایی این عامل بیمارگر در کاهش قدرت تولید مثل آفت علاوه بر غلظت قارچ به رقم خرمای مورد تغذیه آفت نیز بستگی داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of  pathogen on  reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles were investigated in terms of feeding on three Dates cultivars including Sayer, Zahedi and Deiri long in vitro condition. Adults were treated by 5 sublethal doses including 102, 5×102, 103, 5×103 and 104 Spores in ml and compared by control. Then, the sublethal doses of reduced reproductive potential of each cultivar  were calculated by using Log-Probit analysis method. The tested doses of pathogen had decreasing effects on fertility index. The synergist of fungal pathogen and cultivars on reduce fertility rates were gradually by the increasing pathogen doses. Minimum and maximum sublethal doses for reducing the 50 percent amount of oviposition were showed in population grew on Zahedi and Deiri cultivars and equivalent to 1.497×103 and 4.963×103 spores/ml respectively. Minimum and maximum sulethal doses for reduction 50 percent egg hatching were showed in population grew on the Zahedi and Sayer cultivars and, equivalent to 6.316×103 and 8.28×103 spores/ml respectively. The results of this study showed that the fungus B. bassiana had a significant effect in reducing the reproduction potentials. The pathogen ability to reduce the reproduction potentials was in addition depended on the fungi dose and Date cultivars that feeding by the pest.

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