تحلیلی بر مکتب چینی روابط بین الملل: ریالیسم اخلاقی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی تحقیقات سیاسی و بین المللی

نوذر شفیعی ¹ (دانشیار گروه مطالعات منطقه ای دانشگاه تهران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/02/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/04/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01

کلید واژه: رهبری سیاسی, رئالیسم اخلاقی, سیستم بین المللی, مکتب تسینگهوا, مکتب چینی روابط بین الملل,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این مقاله مروری بر نظریه پردازی در روابط بین الملل از منظر اندیشمندان چینی است که در یک عنوان کلی از آن به مکتب چینی روابط بین الملل یاد می شود. یکی از نظریه های مهم مکتب چینی روابط بین الملل رئالیسم اخلاقی است که از مکتب تسینگهوا نشات می گیرد. اینکه نگرش این نظریه به روابط بین الملل چیست، پرسش اصلی این مقاله است. رئالیسم اخلاقی در پی ان است که نشان دهد یک قدرت نوظهور مثل چین چرا و چگونه می تواند جایگزین قدرت هژمون موجود شود. یان زوتونگ بعنوان یکی از پیشگامان رئالیسم اخلاقی علت العلل این مساله را در کیفیت رهبری سیاسی می داند. رهبری سیاسی فعال و پیشگام بعنوان عنصر جوهری توانایی سیاسی یک کشور، می تواند از طریق رعایت اخلاق دولتی و جهانی ، توانایی جامع ملی (حاصل جمع توانایی سیاسی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی، نظامی)کشور نوظهور را چند برابر کند، به ان اعتبار استراتژیک ببخشد، اقتدار بین المللی ان را افزایش دهد، و در نهایت ان را در موقعیت رهبری نظم بین المللی قرار دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The purpose of this article is to review the theory of international relations from the perspective of Chinese scholars. One of the most important Chinese theories of international relations is moral realism, which originates from the Tsinghua school. The main question of this article is what is the attitude of this theory in international relations? Moral realism seeks to show why and how an emerging power such as China can replace existing hegemonic power. As one of the pioneers of moral realism, Yan Xuetong sees the cause of this issue as a quality of political leadership. Active and pioneering political leadership as an essential element of a country's political strength can, by adhering to state and global ethics, multiply a nation's comprehensive national strength (resulting from political, economic, cultural, military capability) in an emerging country, increase its international authority, and ultimately place it in the leadership position of the international order.

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