مقایسه روان آب و غلظت رسوب معلق در واحدهای کاری مختلف در حوزه آبخیز لاویج
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریمحمدرضا جوادی طبالوندانی 1 , شعبانعلی غلامی 2 , جعفر دستورانی 3
1 - استادیار گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور، نور، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور، نور، ایران
3 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
کلید واژه: رواناب, فرسایش آبی, باران‌ساز, حوزه آبخیز لاویج, رسوب معلق,
چکیده مقاله :
در تحقیق حاضر میزان تولید روان آب و رسوب حاصل از بارندگی ایجاد شده از دستگاه باران ساز (با شدت 52 میلیمتر در ساعت و با دوره بازگشت 20 ساله) در حوزه آبخیز لاویج مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بدین منظور پس از تهیه نقشه های طبقات شیب، لیتولوژی، ژئومرفولوژی و کاربری اراضی- نقشه واحدهای کاری بدست آمد و در هر واحد کاری به تعداد3 نمونه خاک و سه نمونه از روان آبو رسوب بدست آمد و تجزیه تحلیل های آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر مقدارروان آبدرواحد کاری شماره 15 با کاربری مرتع حاشیه روستا و طبقه شیب 15 تا 30 درصد و حداکثر مقدار رسوب در واحد کاری شماره 10 با کاربری مرتع حاشیه روستا و طبقه شیب 15 تا 30 و سازند شمشک بوقوع پیوسته است. همچنین کمترین مقدار روان آبو رسوب در واحدکاری شماره یک با کاربری مرتع حاشیه روستا و طبقه شیب 12 تا 15 درصد و سازند الیکا ایجاد گردیده است.
In this study Run off and sediment generated from rain fall simulator was investigated in lavij watershed. In this order٬slope-Lithology- geomorphology and Land use maps were intersected and then, work units map was prepared. Then, in each Work unit's tree run off and sediment sampling was created by Rainfall simulator. Results show that٬ the Maximum potential of runoff generation was approved ٬in work unit of number fifteen with range land and 15-30% slop, also the Maximum potential of Sediment suspended production was approved ٬in work unit of number teen with range land and 15-30% and shemshak formation. The minimum run off and suspende sediment production were approved in work unit number one with range land and 12-15% and Elika formation.
References
1-Ahorzadeh. M., 1998. Comparison of Runoff and sediment on Aghajari Formation with using Rainfall Simulator, Tehran University. 100pp. (In Persian)
2- Armin, M. A., R. Telvary, A. Najafinejad & V. Ghorbany, 2007. Estimation of slope-rain duration and soil texture on the soil erosion ration by using FEL3 rainfall simulator. In: Procceding of 4th Watershed Management. Conference Karaj. Iran. (In Persian)
3-Eteraf, H. & A. R. Telvari, 2004. Study on grazing intensity on some soil Physics properties in Loess Maraveh Tapeh rangelands, Pazhohesh & Sazandegi Journal, 66:8-13. (In Persian)
4- Esmali, A. and Kh. Abdollahi, 2010. Watershed Management & Soil Conservation, Mohaghegh Ardabili Publication, 556pp. (In Persian)
5- Fazlollahi, A., 2006. Investigation of erodibility of quaternary formation in Jajrood by using rainfall simulator, MSc Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering ,Tehran University.100pp.(In Persian)
6- Fernandez. C. and J. Avega, 2006. Runoff and soil erosion after rainfall simulation in burned soil. Forest Ecology and Management. pp:375-37.
7- Ghazanfarpour, N., 2006. Study on sediment yield of quaternary formation in Isfahan Segzi-Kohpayeh plain by using rainfall simulator, MSc Thesis in watershed Management Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, 60pp. (In Persian)
8- Gomez, J. A., 2005. Run off and sediment losses from rough and smooth soil surface in elaborator experiment. Catena, 59(No.):253-266.
9- Harrison, C.G., 1994. Rares of continental erosion and mountain building. J. Rundsh, 83(No.):431-447.
10- Hassanzadeh Nafoti. M., 2006. Investigation of effective factors on Marl erodibility, PhD. Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering.125pp. (In Persian)
11- Hosseiny, S. H., 2007. Investigation of runoff and sediment ration on The Marl formation Taleghan by using rainfall simulator, PhD. Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering. 120pp. (In Persian)
12- Javadi, M., 2010. Investigation of Spatial Variability of soil erodibility in different Land use by using rainfall simulator. PhD Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering, Islamic AzadUniversity Sciences and Researches Branch, 120pp. (In Persian)
13- Kamphorst, A., 1987. A small rainfall simulator for the determination of soil erodibility, Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science 35(No.):407-415.
14- Mohammad pour., K, S. H. R. Sadeghi, GH. A. Dyanati, 2008. Runoff variability on small plats in the grazing and short period exclosure treatment along summer season. In: Proceeding of 5th Watershed Management, National Congress, Gorgan. (In Persian)
15- Navas. A., 1993. Soil losses under simulated rainfall in semi arid shrublands of the Ebro Valley, Spain. (1)14-26.
16- Rafahi, H. Gh., 2006. Water Erosion and Conservation. TehranUniversity Publication, 671pp. (In Persian)
17- Sadeghi, S. H. R., B. Ghaderivangah & N. A. Safaeian, 2006. Study on effects of open grazing and planted treatments on run off generation, Iran Soil and Water Sciences Journal, 20(2):328-337. (In Persian)
18- Sadeghi, S. H. R., R. Raeisian, L. Razavi, 2003. Comparison of runoff and sediment yield on the over grazing rangeland and none crop farmland. In: Proceeding of 3th Wind Erosion and Sediment Congress, Yazd. (In Persian)
19- Sadeghi, S. H. R., R. Hedayatizadeh, H. Naderi & M. Hosseinalizadeh, 2009. Comparison of different quaternary formation in runoff and sediment yield in Sarchah Ammary rangelands of Birjand. Rangeland Journal, Vol.2, No.4, 249-263. (In Persian)
20- Shahkarami, A., K. Khademi, R. Siahmansour, 2001. Investigation of grazing intensity on the sediment and run off production with field measurement and RUSLE methods. In: Proceeding of Land Management- Soil Erosion and Sustainable Development Congress, Arak. (In Persian)
21- Siahmansour, R.., M. jafari, R. Karamian & A. Mohammadian, 2007. Investigation of controled grazing-over grazing and fallow on the sediment and run off production into Wischmayer plots. In: Proceeding of 4th Watershed Management Congress, Karaj. (In Persian)
22- Yosefi fard, M., A. Jalalian, H. Khademi, 2005. The effect of landuse exchange in the rangelands on soil loss, organc matter and nutrient elements in Cheshmeh Ali area of Chaharmahal Province, In; Proceeding of 3th Wind Erosion and Sediment Congress, Yazd. (In Persian)
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References
1-Ahorzadeh. M., 1998. Comparison of Runoff and sediment on Aghajari Formation with using Rainfall Simulator, Tehran University. 100pp. (In Persian)
2- Armin, M. A., R. Telvary, A. Najafinejad & V. Ghorbany, 2007. Estimation of slope-rain duration and soil texture on the soil erosion ration by using FEL3 rainfall simulator. In: Procceding of 4th Watershed Management. Conference Karaj. Iran. (In Persian)
3-Eteraf, H. & A. R. Telvari, 2004. Study on grazing intensity on some soil Physics properties in Loess Maraveh Tapeh rangelands, Pazhohesh & Sazandegi Journal, 66:8-13. (In Persian)
4- Esmali, A. and Kh. Abdollahi, 2010. Watershed Management & Soil Conservation, Mohaghegh Ardabili Publication, 556pp. (In Persian)
5- Fazlollahi, A., 2006. Investigation of erodibility of quaternary formation in Jajrood by using rainfall simulator, MSc Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering ,Tehran University.100pp.(In Persian)
6- Fernandez. C. and J. Avega, 2006. Runoff and soil erosion after rainfall simulation in burned soil. Forest Ecology and Management. pp:375-37.
7- Ghazanfarpour, N., 2006. Study on sediment yield of quaternary formation in Isfahan Segzi-Kohpayeh plain by using rainfall simulator, MSc Thesis in watershed Management Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, 60pp. (In Persian)
8- Gomez, J. A., 2005. Run off and sediment losses from rough and smooth soil surface in elaborator experiment. Catena, 59(No.):253-266.
9- Harrison, C.G., 1994. Rares of continental erosion and mountain building. J. Rundsh, 83(No.):431-447.
10- Hassanzadeh Nafoti. M., 2006. Investigation of effective factors on Marl erodibility, PhD. Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering.125pp. (In Persian)
11- Hosseiny, S. H., 2007. Investigation of runoff and sediment ration on The Marl formation Taleghan by using rainfall simulator, PhD. Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering. 120pp. (In Persian)
12- Javadi, M., 2010. Investigation of Spatial Variability of soil erodibility in different Land use by using rainfall simulator. PhD Thesis in Watershed Management Engineering, Islamic AzadUniversity Sciences and Researches Branch, 120pp. (In Persian)
13- Kamphorst, A., 1987. A small rainfall simulator for the determination of soil erodibility, Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science 35(No.):407-415.
14- Mohammad pour., K, S. H. R. Sadeghi, GH. A. Dyanati, 2008. Runoff variability on small plats in the grazing and short period exclosure treatment along summer season. In: Proceeding of 5th Watershed Management, National Congress, Gorgan. (In Persian)
15- Navas. A., 1993. Soil losses under simulated rainfall in semi arid shrublands of the Ebro Valley, Spain. (1)14-26.
16- Rafahi, H. Gh., 2006. Water Erosion and Conservation. TehranUniversity Publication, 671pp. (In Persian)
17- Sadeghi, S. H. R., B. Ghaderivangah & N. A. Safaeian, 2006. Study on effects of open grazing and planted treatments on run off generation, Iran Soil and Water Sciences Journal, 20(2):328-337. (In Persian)
18- Sadeghi, S. H. R., R. Raeisian, L. Razavi, 2003. Comparison of runoff and sediment yield on the over grazing rangeland and none crop farmland. In: Proceeding of 3th Wind Erosion and Sediment Congress, Yazd. (In Persian)
19- Sadeghi, S. H. R., R. Hedayatizadeh, H. Naderi & M. Hosseinalizadeh, 2009. Comparison of different quaternary formation in runoff and sediment yield in Sarchah Ammary rangelands of Birjand. Rangeland Journal, Vol.2, No.4, 249-263. (In Persian)
20- Shahkarami, A., K. Khademi, R. Siahmansour, 2001. Investigation of grazing intensity on the sediment and run off production with field measurement and RUSLE methods. In: Proceeding of Land Management- Soil Erosion and Sustainable Development Congress, Arak. (In Persian)
21- Siahmansour, R.., M. jafari, R. Karamian & A. Mohammadian, 2007. Investigation of controled grazing-over grazing and fallow on the sediment and run off production into Wischmayer plots. In: Proceeding of 4th Watershed Management Congress, Karaj. (In Persian)
22- Yosefi fard, M., A. Jalalian, H. Khademi, 2005. The effect of landuse exchange in the rangelands on soil loss, organc matter and nutrient elements in Cheshmeh Ali area of Chaharmahal Province, In; Proceeding of 3th Wind Erosion and Sediment Congress, Yazd. (In Persian)