ریخت شناسی بذر، خصوصیات جوانه زنی و رویش توسکا ییلاقی در یک گرادیان ارتفاعی
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداری
کلید واژه: سرعت جوانه‌زنی, Alnus subcordata. L, مبدأ بذر, ارتفاع از سطح دریا, رشد نهال,
چکیده مقاله :
انتخاب مبدا مناسب بذر از مهم ترین عوامل تاثیرگذار بر تولید و پرورش نهال در نهالستان و گلخانه به شمار می رود. پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی مشخصات ریخت شناسی بذر توسکا در یک گرادیان ارتفاعی و همچنین مطالعه مشخصات جوانه زنی بذر و رویش نهال های حاصله انجام گردید. بذرهای توسکا ییلاقی در یک گرادیان ارتفاعی شامل 6 ارتفاع از سطح دریا متفاوت (50، 400، 800، 1200، 1400 و 1700 متر) در محدوده طرح جنگلداری گلبند نوشهر جمع آوری شد. مشخصات ریخت شناسی شامل طول بذر، پهنای بذر، نسبت طول به پهنای بذر و وزن هزار دانه اندازه گیری شد. همچنین خصوصیات جوانه زنی بذور شامل طول دوره جوانه زنی، درصد جوانه زنی، میانگین جوانه زنی روزانه و سرعت جوانه زنی در سه تکرار 25 تایی در ژرمیناتور مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. تعداد 30 بذر سالم از هر مبدأ ارتفاعی در سه تکرار در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در گلخانه کاشته شده و در اواخر فصل رویش خصوصیات رویشی شامل ارتفاع کل، قطر یقه و درصد زنده مانی تمام نهال ها اندازه گیری شد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین ها نشان دهنده وجود اختلاف آماری معنی دار در صفات ریخت شناسی ارتفاعات مختلف مبدأ جمع آوری بذر بود. همچنین نتایج بیانگر اختلاف آماری معنی دار در مورد میانگین جوانه زنی روزانه و درصد جوانه زنی بود. مشخصات رویشی نهال های مبدأهای ارتفاعی مورد مطالعه نیز اختلاف آماری معنی داری با یکدیگر داشتند. با توجه به نتایج تحقیق حاضر ارتفاع 800 و 1400متر از سطح دریا به عنوان بهترین مبدأهای جمع آوری بذر توسکا ییلاقی جهت پرورش در نهالستان های جلگه ای مشابه به محل این آزمایش معرفی می شوند. با توجه به نتایج تحقیق حاضر انجام مطالعات تکمیلی در سطح مولکولی در خصوص امکان وجود تفاوت های ژنتیکی بین توده های مورد مطالعه ضروری به نظر می رسد
Selection of a suitable seed source is one of the most important factors affecting production of seedlings in nursery and greenhouse. The aim of presented study is to investigate seed morphology of Alnus subcordata. L (Caucasian Alder) in an altitudinal gradient and inquiry of germination and growth characteristics of obtained seedlings. Caucasian Alder seeds were collected in an altitudinal gradient including six altitudes at Golband forestry plan of Noshahr. Morphological properties including seed length, seed width, length/width ratio and weight of 1000 seeds were measured. Also germination characteristics including period of germination, germination rate, average daily germination and speed of germination were examined in three 25 replicates in a germinator. 30 healthy seeds from each altitude were sown in completely randomized design with three replicates in a greenhouse. Then at the end of the growing season growth attributes including total height, collar diameter and survival rate of all of seedlings were measured. Results showed that there were significant differences in morphological properties of seeds from different altitudes. Also there were significant statistical differences in average daily germination and germination rate. Growth attributes were significantly different in seedlings of different altitudes. Based on results of this study altitudes of 800 and 1400 m are the best source for Caucasian Alder seed collecting in order to be sown and bred in the same conditions as this study. Based On these results, further studies on pPossible genetic differences between studied populations at the molecular level seems necessary.
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