تعیین مدل شایستگی مرتع برای چرای گوسفند با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز باقران)

محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداری

حلیمه جلورو ¹ , عین اله روحی مقدم ² , هادی معماریان ³

1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مرتعداری دانشگاه زابل
2 - استادیار دانشکده آب و خاکدانشگاه زابل
3 - استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه بیرجند

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/10/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/04/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/12/01

کلید واژه: سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی, شایستگی مرتع, کوه باقران, مدل فرسایش EPM,

چکیده مقاله :

اکوسیستم های مرتعی یکی از پیچیده ترین اکوسیستم ها محسوب می شوند و بین اجزای آن روابط بسیار دقیقی وجود دارد. این امر ایجاب می کند که منابع مرتعی موجود در هر منطقه برای انواع بهره برداری به درستی مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد و تناسب اراضی برای هر نوع کاربری نیز مشخص شود. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی شایستگی مراتع حوزه آبخیز باقران واقع در استان خراسان جنوبی برای چرای گوسفند می باشد که با استفاده از روش فائو در محیط سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی انجا شده است. در این تحقیق از بین عوامل فیزیکی و پوشش گیاهی سه عامل تولید علوفه، منابع آب و حساسیت به فرسایش انتخاب شدند که به صورت سه زیر مدل ارائه شده است. نتایج حاصل از مدل نهایی شایستگی مرتع نشان می دهد که شیب و فاصله منابع آب مهم ترین فاکتورهای کاهش شایستگی مرتع برای این کاربری هستند. همچنین 63/32 درصد مراتع در طبقه شایستگی S2 (متوسط)، 13/21 درصد مراتع در طبقه شایستگی S3 (کم) و 06/18 درصد مراتع در طبقه شایستگی N (غیر شایسته) قرار گرفته اند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there are the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area, be evaluated properly for each  kind of utilizations and also land suitability is specified for each land use. The aim of this study was determining ranges suitability for sheep grazing in Baqeran watershed, South Khorasan that has been performed using the FAO method in GIS. In this study three factors, including forage production, water resources and sensitivity to erosion were considered among physical and vegetation factors which have been  provided as three sub-models. The final model of range suitability shows that high slope and distance from water resources are the most important factors to decrease land suitability for this land use. It was also observed the 32.63 % of rangelands were grouped in the S2 class (medium), 21.13 % were grouped at S3 class (low- suitability) and 18.06 % of N class (non – suitable).    

منابع و مأخذ:

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