Statistical examination of entrepreneurship’s effect on the higher education
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Abstract :
Nowadays, the rate of labor supply and the demand rate for labor specifies the people’s employment and unemployment status. In fact, a rise in labor supply and a reduction in labor demand constitutes an increase in unemployment that subsequently leads to reducing the employment rate and vice versa. The higher education job market, like any other market, is composed of supply and demand. The labor supply with higher education depends on the population, the number of university graduates, the number of students, the state of the higher education market in countries, which leads people to migrate or not migrate to other countries and consequently changes the rate of domestic labor supply. For this reason, a descriptive survey research method is employed to examine the correlation between graduates' unemployment rate and entrepreneurship development by the higher education system experts in society. Also, a structural equation model which specifies the relationship between the main variables and the second-order variables is considered. The statistical population of this study includes experts with master's and Ph.D. degrees. This information is gathered in 1400, and the number of people who were interviewed is about 100. Entrepreneurship development and graduates' unemployment constitute the main variables. The second-order variables include innovation, risk appetite, pioneering, aggressive competition, education, culture and society, economic, management, politic. In fact, the impact of entrepreneurship development on graduates' unemployment is measured. The results of structural equations proved that increasing entrepreneurship development by one unit leads to reducing the unemployment rate of graduates by 3.91%. Besides, the entrepreneurship development variable with 3.81% indicates the graduates' unemployment.