شناسایی مؤلفههای توانمندسازی مدیران زن درآموزش و پرورش و ارائهی الگوی مناسب
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
اکرم حاجی زاده
1
(کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران.)
مریم حافظیان
2
(استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران.)
کلید واژه: توانمندی, بعد اجتماعی, بعد اقتصادی, بعد سیاسی, بعد روانی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی و شناسایی مؤلفههای توانمندسازی مدیران زن در آموزش و پرورش استان خراسان شمالی و ارائهی الگوی مناسب میباشد. روش پژوهش از نوع کیفی و کمّی و جامعه آماری شامل مدیران زن در آموزش و پرورش استان خراسان شمالی بود. برای نمونه گیری در بخش مطالعهی کیفی از نمونه گیری هدفمند و در بخش کمّی از نمونهگیری تصادفی استفاده شد. در بخش کیفی تعداد 12 نفر در فرآیند مصاحبه و در بخش کمی با حجم جامعه 355 نفر، به صورت تصادفی ساده،183 نفر به عنوان نمونه در این پژوهش مشارکت داشتند. ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات شامل مصاحبه و پرسشنامهی محقّق ساخته بود. و بعد از تأیید روایی ( قضاوت صاحب نظران و اساتید) و پایایی (محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ 92/0 ) در مدارس استان خراسان شمالی توزیع شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از روشهای آماری توصیفی و استنباطی استفاده شد. در آمار توصیفی از شاخص مرکزی و پراکندگی مثل میانگین، انحراف معیار و در بخش استنباطی از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی در سطح اطمینان 95% با نرم افزارهای اس پی اس اس 18 و لیزرل 80/8 انجام گرفت. بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل دادههای کیفی حاصل از مصاحبه های عمیق و اکتشافی و کدگذاری و تحلیل محتوای متن مصاحبهها و در عین حال مطابقت آنها با مبانی نظری، نتایج پژوهش در بخش کیفی بیانگر آن بود که در شناسایی مؤلفههای توانمند سازی مدیران زن، 10 مؤلفه در بعد اقتصادی، 10 مؤلفه در بعد سیاسی، 16 مؤلفه در بعد اجتماعی و 17 مؤلفه در بعد روانی را شامل میشد. در بخش کمّی پژوهش، یافتهها نشان داد که در بعد اقتصادی، مؤلفهی سنوات و سابقهی خدمت با بالاترین بار عاملی 92/0، در بعد سیاسی هم مؤلفهی تلاش برای کسب حقوق برابر با بالاترین بار عاملی 90/0 ،در بعد اجتماعی مؤلفهی تجربهی شغلی با بالاترین بار عاملی 95/0، در بعد روانی مؤلفهی وجود جو اعتماد و صمیمیت بین افراد با بالاترین بار عاملی95/0 از کل واریانسها را تبیین و سایر متغیرها نیز هر کدام به ترتیب در درجات بعدی اهمیت قرار گرفتند. همچنین الگوی نهایی پژوهش، با شاخصهای برازش، ضرایب استاندارد مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. میزان ضریب تأثیر ابعاد در مؤلفههای توانمند سازی مدیران زن به تنهایی بالاترین ضریب تأثیرگذاری در بعد اجتماعی و روانی با 85/0 و کمترین در بعد سیاسی با73/0، بود.
The purpose of this research was to identify the empowerment components of female managers in education and education in North Khorasan Province and provide a suitable model. The research method was qualitative and quantitative and the statistical population included female managers in the education of North Khorasan province. For sampling in the qualitative section, a targeted sampling was used and a quantitative random sampling method was used. In the qualitative section, 12 people were interviewed and in a small section with a population of 355 people, randomly, 183 individuals participated in this study. The data collection tools were interviewe and a researcher-made questionnaire. After confirming the validity (jurisprudence and professors' judgment) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), they were distributed in schools of North Khorasan Province. For analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Descriptive statistics of the central index and dispersion such as mean, standard deviation, and inferential part of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis at 95% confidence level with SSS software S 18 and Laserl 80/8. Based on the analysis of qualitative data from deep and exploratory interviews and the coding and analysis of the content of the interview text while their correspondence with theoretical foundations, the results of the research in the qualitative section indicated that identifying the components of the empowerment of managers Female, 10 components in the economic dimension, 10 components in political terms, 16 components in social dimension and 17 components in the psychological dimension. In the quantitative part of the research, the findings showed that in the economic dimension, the component of seniority and service record with the highest factor load of 0.92, in the political dimension, the component of trying to earn equal rights with the highest factor load of 0.90, in the social dimension was the component of job experience with The highest factor load was 0.95. In the psychological aspect, the component of trust and intimacy was determined by 0.95 of the total variance and the other variables were also important in the next stages, respectively. Also, the final pattern of the research was confirmed by fitting indexes of standard coefficients. The coefficient of influence of dimensions in the components of empowerment of female managers alone was the highest coefficient of influence in the social and psychological dimension with 0.85 and the least in the political dimension with 0.73.
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